词汇与语法　.doc

四级语法和词汇（1）1. My father never gave me _.A. many adviceB. many advicesC. much adviceD. a lot of advices参考答案： CTIP：advice为不可数名词，不能用many来修饰，也没有复数形式。2. She took him _and led him across the road. A. by his handB. by the handC. with hand D. with the hand参考答案： BTIP：take . by the hand“抓住的手”。英语的习惯是在动词后先提人，而后在介词后再提具体的身体部位，身体部位前通常用定冠词。3. I dont think he is to blame, _?A. do IB. is heC. isnt heD. does he参考答案： BTIP：本句涉及的是否定的转移问题，I dont think 中的否定词否定的是宾语从句，故附加疑问句就需要用肯定的形式。4. _ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.A. Even thoughB. UnlessC. As long asD. However参考答案： CTIP：as long as“只要”。5. He couldnt lie convincingly enough to take a child _.A. awayB. downC. inD. up参考答案： CTIP：take in“欺骗”，take away“拿走”，take down“取下来，记下来”，take up“从事”。6. The parents were worried about Dorothy because no one was aware _ she had gone.A. where thatB. of whereC. whereD. the place参考答案： BTIP：aware一般有两个结构: be aware of something和be aware that-clause,在此选择of 后加名词从句，相当于第一个结构。7. It was not until she returned home _ she realized she had almost wasted ten of her valuable hours.A. andB. whenC. thenD. that参考答案： DTIP：此句为强调（分裂）句。如果强调部分不是“人”时，需用that来引导分句。 8. There has not been a great response to the sale, _?A. does itB. has itC. does thereD. has there参考答案： DTIP：这是一个there be的反意疑问句。9. Anthropology is a science _ anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and techniques to document observations that can be checked by others.A. in thatB. that inC. thatD. in参考答案： CTIP：that引导的从句为同位语从句，that在名词从句中不作任何成分。注意，in that引导原因从句。10. The activities of the international marketing researcher are frequently much broader than _.A. the domestic marketer hasB. those of the domestic marketer C. the domestic marketer doesD. that which has the domestic marketer参考答案： BTIP：这是一个比较从句，those在从句中替代activities。11. Im surprised at there _ an index.A. not to beB. to be notC. not beingD. being not参考答案： CTIP：这是there be非限定形式作介词补足语，通常用 -ing形式。如果是否定形式，那么否定词not应放在非限定形式前面。注意，there be作介词for的补足语时，常用there to be形式。12. I _ this soup. I _ pepper in it.A. am tasting . am tastingB. am tasting . taste C. taste . am tastingD. taste . have tasted参考答案： BTIP：第一个taste是动态动词，根据题意用进行体；第二个taste是感觉动词，属静态动词，一般不用进行体形式。13. _, explorers could never have found the cave.A. But for the fissure had been spottedB. If not the fissure had been spottedC. Had the fissure not been spottedD. Had not the fissure been spotted参考答案： DTIP：此句中的条件从句省略引导词if并倒装。在这种情况下，如果从句是否定形式且从句主语是名词，那么否定词 not放在名词前面；而如果从句主语是代词，则把not放在代词后面，如“had it not been .”。14. John often sits in a small bar, drinking and smoking considerably more _.A. than that he is healthyB. than good for his healthC. than his health couldD. than is good for his health参考答案： DTIP：than为关系代词，在比较从句中作主语。15. This _ girl is Marys cousin.A. pretty little SwedishB. Swedish little prettyC. Swedish pretty littleD. little pretty Swedish参考答案： ATIP：当一个名词有好几个形容词作为其修饰语时，应注意形容词的词序。一般按下列词序排列: 限定词表示说话人评价的形容词表示大小、形状、新旧的形容词表示颜色的形容词表示国别、来源、材料的形容词表示用途或目的的形容词或分词，名词等类别词名词中心词。16. We are not on very good _ with the people next door.A. friendshipB. relationsC. will D. terms参考答案： DTIP：on good / bad terms with为固定词组，意思是“和关系很好/不和”。17. Usually newspapers _ for people with intellectual interests.A. suitB. furnishC. regardD. cater参考答案： DTIP：cater for something为词组，表示“迎合”的意思，其他三个选择项 suit, furnish, regard是及物动词，不能直接跟介词for。18. The overcrowded living conditions _ a heavy strain on the family.A. setB. putC. made D. pressed参考答案： BTIP：put a heavy strain on somebody意为“对某人是一个沉重负担”。19. The supply of apples exceeds the _ this year.A. requestB. claimC. requirementD. demand参考答案： DTIP：demand表示“需求”，与supply“供应”相对应。20. I must take this watch to be repaired: it _ over twenty minutes a day.A. increasesB. progressesC. acceleratesD. gains参考答案： DTIP：gain在此句中表示钟表走得太快(相当于 move too fast)。21. If this animal had escaped from its cage it could _ have killed or hurt several people.A. equallyB. both C. wellD. severely参考答案： CTIP：could与well连用，表示“很可能” (相当于it was likely to)。22. Im sorry we gave you such short _ of our visit.A. cautionB. noticeC. informationD. preparation参考答案： BTIP：give somebody short notice of something是固定搭配，意为“提前很短时间通知某人某事”。23. That old vase will _ an attractive lamp-holder.A. composeB. formC. makeD. assemble参考答案： CTIP：make意为“（宜）用作”(相当于have the qualities of something)。24. The World Bank has criticized the country for not giving enough financial _ to developing countries.A. allowanceB. aid C. loan D. provision参考答案： BTIP：allowance“津贴，补助”，loan“贷款”，provision“供应品”这三词一般不与financial连用。根据题意，应选aid，表示“财政援助”。25. Nothing would stop me from _ my ambition.A. reachingB. completingC. achievingD. obtaining参考答案： CTIP：achieve表示“实现”，此动词常与ambition, goal, aim, purpose连用。26. He showed his _ for the TV programme by switching it off.A. distasteB. discontentC. annoyanceD. boredom参考答案： ATIP：distaste“厌恶” 常与介词for连用，其他三个名词的用法为: discontent over / with, annoyance with somebody / at something, boredom则不可与for 连用。27. They are _ the woods for the missing child.A. seekingB. lookingC. investigatingD. combing参考答案： DTIP：comb“彻底搜查”(相当于search thoroughly)，其他三词seek（寻找），look，investigate(调查)不能以woods作为宾语。28. To prevent flooding in winter the water flowing from the dam is constantly _ by a computer.A. managedB. gradedC. monitoredD. conducted参考答案： CTIP：monitor“监测”。29. What a pretty baby, Mrs Jones! I can see that he takes _ you!A. afterB. overC. upD. from参考答案： ATIP：take after“长得像（父母）”，take over“接管，接收”，take up“开始从事”，take from“减少，减弱”。30. They _ at the notice but the light was too dim for them to read it. A. peepedB. glaredC. peeredD. eyed参考答案： CTIP：peer“费力地看”，peep“窥视”，glare“怒视”，eye“打量，注视”。四级语法与词汇（2）1. _ is the influence of TV that it can make a person famous overnight.A. SoB. ThisC. SuchD. What参考答案： CTIP：such . that“如此以致”，such为代词。2. We need to get the message across _ too much sun is harmful. A. thatB. whichC. in whichD. so参考答案： ATIP：that 引导同位语从句。3. The business is risky, but _, we would be rich.A. would we succeedB. could we succeedC. should we succeedD. might we succeed参考答案： CTIP：should we succeed 为倒装结构，相当于if we should succeed。4. Having considered the problem for a while she thought better _ her first solution.A. toB. thanC. fromD. of参考答案： DTIP：think better of something为一词组，表示“认为更好”。5. If that idea was wrong, the project is bound to fail, _ good all the other ideas might be.A. whateverB. thoughC. whatsoever D. however参考答案： DTIP：however表示让步，相当于no matter how。6. The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of the body of a runner, _ to the body.A. the greater the stressB. the stress is greaterC. greater the stress isD. greater is the stress参考答案： ATIP：这是一个the more . the more . 的比较结构，可以省略谓语动词。7. Thats your sister, _?A. isnt it?B. isnt that?C. isnt she?D. arent you?参考答案： ATIP：这是一个反意（附加）疑问句，当句子的主语为that，this时，附加部分的代词用it。8. Its high time we _ a rest.A. haveB. hadC. are havingD. should have参考答案： BTIP：在It is high / about time that .句型中，that从句中的谓语动词应用一般过去时。9. If you _, youd better go outside in the fresh air.A. faintB. have faintedC. are going to faintD. will faint参考答案： CTIP：If从句中的一般现在时无现在语意，与主句不符；完成体不合题意。If从句中一般不用will将来时，只能用be going to形式表示“如果现在有迹象表明你将要昏倒的话”，使从句与主句表达的现在语意相照应。10. I dont know _.A. why do thisB. why having done thisC. why doing thisD. why we ought to do this参考答案： DTIP：why引导子句时不可采用动词的非限定形式。11. The man over there is _ our principal.A. no other butB. not other thanC. no one thanD. none other than参考答案： DTIP：none other than“（不是别人）正是”，表示惊奇。12. No one can walk the wire without a bit of fear unless _ very young.A. having been trainedB. trainedC. to be trainedD. being trained参考答案： BTIP：用 -ed 形式同时表示完成和被动。13. When can we come to visit you? Any time you feel _.A. for itB. to itC. like itD. so参考答案： CTIP：feel like为固定搭配，可跟-ing分词，表示“想要”。14. His honesty is _ : nobody can doubt it.A. in questionB. out of the questionC. beside the questionD. without question参考答案： DTIP：without question“毫无问题”，in question“被怀疑，有问题”，out of the question“不可能”，beside the question“离题”。15. This is a most peculiar letter. What do you _ of it?A. gatherB. makeC. getD. feel参考答案： BTIP：make of something为一动词词组，意为“理解”，常与 nothing, anything, what等代词连用。16. Now that weve identified the problem, we must decide on an appropriate course of _.A. actionB. progressC. solutionD. development参考答案： ATIP：a course of action“行动途径”。17. Since the couple couldnt _ their differences, they decided to get a divorce.A. reconcileB. identifyC. adjust D. coincide参考答案： ATIP：reconcile“使和解”。18. We attended a _ of the new manufacturing process.A. demonstrationB. displayC. showingD. manifestation参考答案： ATIP：demonstration“演示”，display和showing“展览”，manifestation“表明，表现形式”。19. How many people do you think his car would _?A. occupyB. hold C. fitD. load参考答案： BTIP：hold“容纳”，occupy“占据，占用”，fit“使适合”，load“装载”。20. It never _ my mind that he might refuse the request.A. passedB. filledC. crossedD. occurred参考答案： CTIP：cross ones mind“想起”；pass要加through: pass through ones mind；occur要用to: occur to somebody。21. People become less _ to new ideas as they grow older.A. receptiveB. availableC. attentive D. attractive参考答案： ATIP：receptive“有接受能力的”，available“可得到的”，attentive“专心的；关心的”，attractive“有吸引力的”。22. Is he really _ to judge a brass band contest?A. competentB. skillfulC. capableD. efficient参考答案： ATIP：competent“有能力的，能胜任的”；capable也表示“有能力的”，但不可跟不定式；skillful“熟练的”，efficient“高效率的”，均不符题意。23. The new airport will be _ from all directions.A. availableB. accessibleC. obtainableD. achievable参考答案： BTIP：accessible“可抵达的”，available，obtainable和achievable都表示“可得到的”。24. The teams recent wins have now _ them for the semi-finals.A. fittedB. promotedC. qualifiedD. selected参考答案： CTIP：qualify somebody for something“使某人有资格（条件）做某事”。25. For parents, one of the problems _ by rising prices is the continual demand for more pocket money.A. givenB. posedC. providedD. forced参考答案： BTIP：pose表示“造成，提出”，常与 problem，threat，danger连用。26. The police managed to _ down the owner of the car.A. traceB. track C. searchD. pursue参考答案： BTIP：track down为动词词组，意思是“找到；查出”，其他三个trace, search, pursue一般不与副词down搭配使用。27. The partys reduced vote was _ of lack of support for its policies.A. indicativeB. confirmingC. revealingD. evident参考答案： ATIP：be indicative of something“表明，说明”，其他三个选择项不与介词of连用。28. The football match was televised _ from the Workers Stadium.A. aliveB. lifeC. liveD. lively参考答案： CTIP：live在此句中作副词用，意为“现场直播”，其他三词不合题意。29. We shall have to go on to the next village. Its too late to _ now.A. set backB. turn inC. set inD. turn back参考答案： DTIP：turn back“折回”，set back“推迟，耽搁”，turn in“拐弯进入，上床睡觉”，set in“到来，开始”。30. You have a very nasty cough. You must _ on cigarettes. A. put outB. give upC. cut downD. take down参考答案： CTIP：cut down“削减，减少”，put out“熄灭”，give up“放弃”，take down“放下，记下”。四级语法与词汇（3）1. The aged _ now being provided with free medical care in this country.A. isB. areC. wasD. were参考答案： BTIP：当定冠词+形容词表示一类人时，动词通常用复数形式。2. In 1939, _ in 1941, there was a great surge of patriotic feeling.A. likeB. asC. the same as D. similar to参考答案： BTIP：like为介词，其后只能跟名词或动名词，不能跟介词词组；as是连词，可以接介词词组。3. The plane flies too _ to be seen.A. highlyB. higherC. highD. highest参考答案： CTIP：too . to结构中的形容词必须用原级，high作为副词，表示“高”，highly为副词，表示“非常，极”。4. _ some countries have ruined their agriculture, squandering money on uneconomic factories, the Ivory Coast has stuck to what it is good at.A. AfterB. During C. WhenD. While参考答案： DTIP：while是表示对比的连词。5. Apparently one person _ ten now attends a university in this country. A. of B. overC. inD. from参考答案： CTIP：one in ten和one out of ten都可以表示“十分之一”。6. All of the plants now raised on farms have been developed from plants _ wild.A. once they grewB. they grew onceC. that once grewD. once grew参考答案： CTIP：that once grew wild是修饰plants的定语从句；选项A 中的once 为连词，表示“一旦”，不合题意；其他两个选择项则不符合语法规范。7. This is the best book _ this year.A. appearingB. having appeared C. to appear D. appeared参考答案： CTIP：当名词前面有一个形容词最高级、序数词或the only, the next, the last等修饰语时，其后的动词非限定形式修饰语要用不定式。8. What annoys me is that tomorrow _ the third time I _ take my car in to be repaired.A. is . have toB. will be . have had toC. is . will have to D. will be . have to参考答案： BTIP：be the first / second time that后面跟的that从句中，谓语动词应采用完成体形式。9. Our neighbours have _ ours.A. as a big house asB. as big a house asC. a big house as same as D. a house the same big as参考答案： BTIP：as . as比较结构当中应采用形容词组或副词词组，如果中间插入名词词组，则名词必须是单数形式，且冠词a / an必须置于形容词之后。10. She is _ biting her nails.A. oftenB. usuallyC. continually D. hardly参考答案： CTIP：continually与现在进行体连用，通常带有感情色彩，表示说话人的态度，一般是表示“不满，抱怨”。类似continually的频度副词还有constantly, always, forever等。11. It is ten years since I _ you last.A. seeB. sawC. didnt seeD. havent seen参考答案： BTIP：since从句中用过去的一点时间来表示一个时间段的起点。注意本句主句中，用一般现在时可以替代现在完成体。12. _ is such a spitfire.A. His that third brotherB. His third that brotherC. That third brother of hisD. That his third brother参考答案： CTIP：his与that都是中位限定词，相互排斥，不可同时使用。此题只能选用双重属格。13. I owe a special debt of _ to my wife and child for their willingness to put up with my frequent bouts of ill temper or sheer absent-mindedness while I was writing the book.A. thankB. thanking C. thanksD. thankings参考答案： CTIP：名词thanks“感激”，通常只用作复数。14. Which of the following is CORRECT?A. Not on any account should such disasters be repeated.B. On no account should such disasters be repeated.C. Not on any account such disasters should be repeated.D. On no account such disasters should be repeated.参考答案： BTIP：on no account词组放在句首，要用倒装句式。not 和 on any account不可在句首连用，只能说: Such disasters should not be repeated on any account.15. An application to join this scheme places you under no obligation _.A. indeedB. eventuallyC. apartD. whatsoever参考答案： DTIP：whatsoever为一形容词，作后置定语，与否定词连用，加强语势。16. We covered a wide _ of topics in the interview.A. extentB. collectionC. numberD. range参考答案： DTIP：a wide range of“一系列”，extent“程度”，collection“收集”，a number of“许多，若干”，但是number不能用wide来修饰。 17. What you say is true, but you could have _ it more tactfully.A. talkedB. phrasedC. observedD. remarked参考答案： BTIP：phrase“措辞”。18. If you are under 18, you are not _ to join this club.A. legitimateB. legibleC. eligibleD. permissible参考答案： CTIP：eligible“合格的”，legitimate“合法的”，legible“字迹清楚的”，permissible“许可的”。19. When I arrived in this country I had to start learning the language from _.A. scratchB. introduction C. ignoranceD. blank参考答案： ATIP：from scratch为固定词组，意为“从头开始”。20. I spoke to him, but he was too _ to hear what I said.A. preoccupiedB. concentratedC. attentiveD. thoughtful参考答案： ATIP：preoccupied“有心事，想别的”，concentrated“集中精力的”，attentive“专心的”，thoughtful“沉思的，体贴的”。21. To _ greater accuracy, we will