图书租赁管理系统—毕业设计论文.doc

毕业设计 论文 题目 题目 图书租赁管理系统的设计与实现图书租赁管理系统的设计与实现 班 级 姓 名 指导老师 目目 录录 一 序言 4 二 需求分析说明书 4 2 1 系统介绍 4 2 2 系统面向的用户群体 4 2 3 系统的功能性需求 4 2 4 系统的非功能性需求 5 2 4 1 用户界面需求 5 2 4 2 软硬件环境需求 5 2 4 3 软件质量需求 5 三 可行性分析报告 5 3 1 技术可行性 5 3 2 人员可能性 5 3 3 时间 设备可能性 5 3 4 系统工作量 5 3 5 代码工作量 5 3 6 文档要求 5 四 开发环境与项目规划 5 4 1 开发环境 5 4 2 项目规划与管理 5 4 2 1 开发人员安排 5 4 2 2 开发进度安排 6 五 软件界面设计标准与规范 6 5 1 编写目的 6 5 2 界面设计思想 6 5 3 界面设计原则 6 5 4 界面设计样式 6 5 5 常见提示信息样式 6 5 6 常见错误信息样式 7 5 7 其他界面约定 7 六 软件编码设计标准与规范 7 6 1 对象命名约定 7 6 2 常量和变量命名约定 8 6 3 结构化编码约定 8 6 4 数据源的约定 9 6 5 数据库访问约定 9 6 6 其他约定 9 七 数据库分析与设计 10 7 1 数据库环境说明 10 7 2 数据库命名标准与规范 10 7 3 数据库逻辑设计 10 7 4 数据库物理设计 10 7 4 1 表 视图汇总 10 7 4 2 各表 视图设计详解 11 八 软件体系结构设计说明书 15 8 1 系统概述 15 8 2 设计约束 15 8 3 设计策略 15 8 4 系统概要设计说明书 16 8 4 1 图例说明 16 8 4 2 系统总体结构图 16 8 4 3 销售子系统流程图 17 8 4 4 进货子系统流程图 17 8 4 5 退货子系统流程图 17 8 5 系统详细设计说明书 17 8 5 1 系统模块汇总 17 8 5 2 系统核心模块详解 18 8 5 3 系统模块详解 28 九 用户界面设计报告 42 9 1 界面设计规范 42 9 2 系统窗体汇总 42 9 3 主界面设计 43 9 4 子界面设计 43 9 5 界面资源设计 44 十 软件测试分析报告 44 10 1 测试范围与主要内容 44 10 2 测试方法 44 10 3 测试报告 44 10 4 改进建议与措施 45 十一 软件使用说明书 45 11 1 软件概述 45 11 2 系统安装 45 11 3 使用说明 45 11 3 1 系统登陆 45 11 3 2 注销与退出 46 11 3 3 办理进货登记 46 11 3 4 办理退货登记 48 11 3 5 销售图书 48 11 3 6 会员管理 49 11 3 7 员工管理 49 11 3 8 书目检索 50 11 3 9 查看统计信息 50 11 3 10 修改密码 50 11 3 11 关于 帮助 50 参考资料 51 一 序言一 序言 宛枫书社图书管理系统的设计与推出是多方面原因促成的 我有一位老乡名叫李明友 毕业后经营一家小书店 考试通书店 其日常管理工作都是人工操作 历史数据很难保 存和利用 对于书店的经营非常不利 而其他的中小型书店 个体书店大多如此 针对这 种状况 我计划开发一个面向中小型书店 个体书店的图书管理系统 实现对人员 物流 的全面管理 以帮助这些书店早日实现书店管理信息化 正在我考虑系统的规划的时候 我有幸得到王改性老师的指导 我的两位同学 蔡大 臣 张航也加入了开发队伍 这更加坚定了我完成系统开发任务的决心 为了系统的顺利开发和维护 特编制如下技术文档 二 二 需求分析说明书需求分析说明书 2 1 系统介绍系统介绍 本系统定位于中小型书店 个体书店 暂时考虑单机环境下的实现 操作系统选择目 前常用的 Windows 98 2000 系统性质为 MIS 管理信息系统 或财务软件 本系统采用会员制管理 系统功能应包含进书管理 售书管理 退货管理 库存管理 统计分析 相关人员管理等 系统界面力求简洁 易用 在标准化的基础上考虑界面的美 观和新颖 系统计划 2005 年 9 月初开始 11 月初完成初步开发工作 其余工作根据时间安排进行 2 22 2 系统面向的用户群体系统面向的用户群体 系统面向中小型书店 个体书店 用户群体为这些书店的经理 采购员 仓库管理员 图书销售人员 书店的会员 游客等 2 32 3 系统的功能性需求系统的功能性需求 功能序号功能名称功能说明 1 供应商管理包含供应商信息的登记 修改等 2 图书种类管理包含图书大类 小类的创建 3 图书资料管理包含图书资料的添加 修改等 4 新书入库管理登记新书的来源 数量 单价 折扣 金额等 5 库存统计分门别类统计图书现有库存量 入库时间等 6 进货记录查询查询历次进货记录 7 退货登记登记供应商 图书种类 退货的数量 原因等 8 退货统计按供应商统计退货记录 9 退货记录查询查询历次退货记录 10 图书销售管理登记销售的种类 数量 单价 折扣 顾客 会员等 11 会员管理包含会员的创建 修改 删除等 12 优惠政策管理包含优惠政策的制定与执行 13 本日售书统计统计本日销售图书的数量 金额等 14 售书记录查询查询历次售书记录 15 员工管理包含员工帐号的创建 修改 删除等 16 统计分析按年月日时段统计书店经营状况 17 图书检索提供按图书的编号 书名 责任者 出版社等途径的检索 18 系统帐号管理提供上级对下级的资料 密码管理 19 个人资料 密码管理提供修改个人资料 密码的工具 2 42 4 系统的非功能性需求系统的非功能性需求 2 4 12 4 1 用户界面需求 简洁 易用 易懂 美观 大方 标准 具备一定的兼容性 2 4 22 4 2 软硬件环境需求 软件环境 兼容当前主流操作系统 Windows 95 98 NT Me 2000 XP 等 硬件环境 386 以上计算机 打印机 扫描仪等 2 4 32 4 3 软件质量需求 易用 健壮 兼容性好 运行稳定 有一定安全保障 三三 可行性分析报告 可行性分析报告 3 13 1 技术可行性技术可行性 系统的性质为 MIS 或财务软件 因而数据库的设计与操纵是系统设计的核心 我在 2002 年 11 月至 2003 年 3 月曾经成功完成了 蓝色梦幻留言板 的开发与维护任务 具备 一定的系统分析与设计能力 熟悉数据库的设计与操纵 指导老师王改性多年从事数据库 的教学与研究工作 因而该系统的实现在技术上是可行的 3 23 2 人员可能性人员可能性 我有 蓝色梦幻留言板 的开发经验 目前时间充足 可以完成开发任务 蔡大臣的计算机功底很深 可以参与系统的数据库设计与开发 张航有深厚的文字功底 可以参与用户文档的制作 内部文档整理 后期测试等任务 所有人员均可立即投入开发工作 3 33 3 时间 设备可能性时间 设备可能性 系统设计与开发工作预计耗时一个月 所有参与开发的人员均能够保证按时完成任务 实验设备如 计算机 打印机 扫描仪等不足 上机任务可以完成 打印机 扫描仪的实 验根据具体条件暂时延缓执行 3 43 4 系统工作量系统工作量 该系统的工作量相对于我们的开发小组来说很大 必须保证按进度完成任务 实际工 作量预计超过一个月 每天 4 8 小时 如包含软件维护及技术文档的整理 制作 工作量 将更大 3 53 5 代码工作量代码工作量 预计需 25 天左右 3 63 6 文档要求文档要求 依据国家 计算机软件产品开发文件编制指南 和 现代软件工程 的理论与原则编 制标准的软件技术文档 四 开发环境与项目规划四 开发环境与项目规划 4 14 1 开发环境开发环境 前台开发环境 Microsoft Visual Basic 6 0 后台数据库环境 Microsoft Access 2000 2002 4 2 项目规划与管理 4 2 1 开发人员安排 系统分析与设计 胡孟杰 程序编制 胡孟杰 数据库设计 胡孟杰 蔡大臣 文档整理与制作 蔡大臣 张航 系统测试 胡孟杰 蔡大臣 张航 考试通书店 李明友 等 4 2 2 开发进度安排 3 月 1 日至 3 月 5 日 系统分析 进行需求定义 定义系统概况 3 月 6 日至 3 月 7 日 数据库分析与设计 3 月 8 日至 3 月 9 日 软件体系结构设计 3 月 10 日至 3 月 31 日 软件编码 4 月 1 日至 4 月 2 日 系统测试 五 软件界面设计标准与规范五 软件界面设计标准与规范 5 1 编写目的 制定界面设计标准规范的目的是为了规范和统一软件界面设计制定软件界面设计标准 与规范 5 2 界面设计思想 首先考虑标准化 在标准化的基础上进行界面的美工设计 5 3 界面设计原则 简单易用 简洁明了 兼容性好 标准 规范 5 4 界面设计样式 采用标准 Windows 界面 自上至下依次为 标题栏 菜单栏 工具条 工作区 状态 栏等 如下图示 图 1 系统界面 5 55 5 常见提示信息样式常见提示信息样式 菜单栏 工具条 状态栏工作区 提示信息按以下标准进行 采用标准 Windows 对话框样式 添加信息图标 后接提示 信息文本和相应按钮 如下图示 图 2 常见提示信息样式 5 65 6 常见错误信息样式常见错误信息样式 错误信息依据提示信息样式设计 将信息图标更改为警告图标 如下图示 图 3 常见错误信息样式 5 75 7 其他界面约定其他界面约定 除主界面外 所有子界面均采用模式窗体 即该窗体不消失 不可以在本程序内将焦 点移出子窗体 六 软件编码设计标准与规范六 软件编码设计标准与规范 6 16 1 对象命名约定对象命名约定 对象名对象类型命名约定 前缀码 Form窗体Frm Command按钮Cmd Label标签Lab TextBox文本框Txt ComboBox组合框ComB ListBox列表框LstB Adodb数据库访问对象Adodb DataGrid数据表格显示组件DataGrid Frame框架Fam Option单选框Opt CheckBox复选框Chk PictureBox图象显示组件PtB CommonDialog通用对话框组件ComDlg Timer时间组件Tim ToolBar工具栏TlBar 信息图标 提示文本 按钮 警告图标 提示文本 Menu菜单Mnu SSTab页框SSTab ImageList界面资源组件ImgLst 6 26 2 常量和变量命名约定常量和变量命名约定 变量名数据类型变量类型含义 UserShenFenString全局变量用户身份标志 LogOKBoolean全局变量登陆状态 UserNameString全局变量用户名 GongYingShangIDString全局变量供应商编号 GongYingShangString全局变量供应商名称 TuShuBianHaoString全局变量图书编号 DingJiaSingle全局变量图书定价 ShuMingString全局变量书名 HuiYuanKaHaoString全局变量会员卡号 HYXingMingString全局变量会员姓名 HYDengJiString全局变量会员等级 6 36 3 结构化编码约定结构化编码约定 编码应清晰 可读性好 运用缩进 空行 结合大小写区别等方法保持程序结构良好 凡与数据库操作相关的模块一律加上容错代码 涉及多表操作的模块应运用 事务 处理 以保持数据完整性 编码风格参照下例进行 Public Sub CheckUser userID As String passwd As String Dim userDB As Database Dim userRD As Recordset Dim dbName As String Dim STRSQL As String Screen MousePointer 11 On Error GoTo errEnd dbName App Path If Right dbName 1 Then dbName dbName dbName dbName DataBase WFSSDataBase mdb STRSQL select 用户身份 from Admin where 用户 ID if I pursue you I will not catch you and if I catch you through your own slowness and clumsiness I will not kill you and if I kill you I will not eat you Nicholas had begun to back away and at the last words realizing that they were a signal he turned and began to run splashing through the shallow water Ignacio ran after him much helped by his longer legs his hair flying behind his dark young face his square teeth each white as a bone and as big as Nicholas s thumbnail showing like spectators who lined the railings of his lips Don t run Nicholas Dr Island said with the voice of a wave It only makes him angry that you run Nicholas did not answer but cut to his left up the beach and among the trunks of the palms sprinting all the way because he had no way of knowing Ignacio was not right behind him about to grab him by the neck When he stopped it was in the thick jungle among the boles of the hardwoods where he leaned out of breath the thumping of his own heart the only sound in an atmosphere silent and unwaked as Earth s long prehuman day For a time he listened for any sound Ignacio might make searching for him there was none He drew a deep breath then and said Well that s over expecting Dr Island to answer from somewhere there was only the green hush The light was still bright and strong and nearly shadowless but some interior sense told him the day was nearly over and he noticed that such faint shades as he could see stretched long horizontal distortions of their objects He felt no hunger but he had fasted be fore and knew on which side of hunger he stood he was not as strong as he had been only a day past and by this time next day he would probably be unable to outrun Ignacio He should he now realized have eaten the monkey he had killed but his stomach revolted at the thought of the raw flesh and he did not know how he might build a fire although Ignacio seemed to have done so the night before Raw fish even if he were able to catch a fish would be as bad or worse than raw monkey he remembered his effort to open a coconut he had failed but it was surely not impossible His mind was hazy as to what a coconut might contain but there had to be an edible core because they were eaten in books He decided to make a wide sweep through the jungle that would bring him back to the beach well away from Ignacio he had several times seen coconuts lying in the sand under the trees He moved quietly still a little afraid trying to think of ways to open the coconut when he found it He imagined himself standing before a large and raggedly faceted stone holding the coconut in both hands He raised it and smashed it down but when it struck it was no longer a coconut but Maya s head he heard her nose cartilage break with a distinct rubbery snap Her eyes as blue as the sky above Madhya Pradesh the sparkling blue sky of the egg looked up at him but he could no longer look into them they retreated from his own and it came to him quite suddenly that Lucifer in falling must have fallen up into the fires and the coldness of space never again to see the warm blues and browns and greens of Earth 1 was watching Satan fall as lightning from heaven He had heard that on tape somewhere but he could not remember where He had read that on Earth lightning did not come down from the clouds but leaped up from the planetary surface toward them never to return Nicholas He listened but did not hear his name again Faintly water was babbling had Dr Island used that sound to speak to him He walked toward it and found a little rill that threaded a way among the trees and followed it In a hundred steps it grew broader slowed and ended in a long blind pool under a dome of leaves Diane was sitting on moss on the side opposite him she looked up as she saw him and smiled Hello he said Hello Nicholas I thought I heard you I wasn t mistaken after all was I I didn t think I said anything He tested the dark water with his foot and found that it was very cold You gave a little gasp I fancy I heard it and I said to myself that s Nicholas and I called you Then I thought I might be wrong or that it might be Ignacio Ignacio was chasing me Maybe he still is but h think he s probably given up by now The girl nodded looking into the dark waters of they pool but did not seem to have heard him He began to work his way around to her climbing across the snakelike roots of the crowding trees Why does Ignacio want to kill me Diane Sometimes he wants to kill me too the girl said But why I think he s a bit frightened of us Have you ever talked to him Nicholas Today I did a little He told me a story about a pet fish he used to have Ignacio grew up all alone did he tell you that On Earth On a plantation in Brazil way up the Amazon Dr Island told me I thought it was crowded on Earth The cities are crowded and the countryside closes to the cities But there are places where it s emptie than it used to be Where Ignacio was there would have been Red Indian hunters two or three hundred years ago when he was there there wasn t anyone just the machines Now he doesn t want to be looked at doesn t want anyone around him Nicholas said slowly Dr Island said lots of people wouldn t be sick if only there weren t other people around all the time Remember that a Only there are other people around all the time that s how the world is Not in Brazil maybe Nicholas said He was trying to remember something about Brazil but the only thing he could think of was a parrot singing in a straw hat from the comview cartoons and then a turtle and a hedgehog that turned into armadillos for the love of God Montressor He said Why didn t he stay there Did I tell you about the bird Nicholas She had been not listening again What bird I have a bird Inside She patted the flat stomach below her small breasts and for a moment Nicholas thought she had really found food She sits in here She has tangled a nest in my entrails where she sits and tears at my breath with her beak I look healthy to you don t I But inside I m hollow and rotten and turning brown dirt and old feathers oozing away Her beak will break through soon Okay Nicholas turned to go I ve been drinking water here trying to drown her I think I ve swallowed so much I couldn t stand up now if I tried but she isn t even wet and do you know something Nicholas I ve found out I m not really me I m her Turning back Nicholas asked When was the last time you had anything to eat I don t know Two three days ago Ignacio gave me something I m going to try to open a coconut If I can I ll bring you back some When he reached the beach Nicholas turned and walked slowly back in the direction of the dead fire this time along the rim of dampened sand between the sea and the palms He was thinking about machines There were hundreds of thousands perhaps millions of machines out beyond the belt but few or none of the sophisticated servant robots of Earth those were luxuries Would Ignacio in Brazil whatever that was like have had such luxuries Nicholas thought not those robots were almost like people and living with them would be like living with people Nicholas wished that he could speak Brazilian There had been the therapy robots at St John s Nicholas had not liked them and he did not think Ignacio would have liked them either If he had liked his therapy robot he probably would not have had to be sent here He thought of the chipped and rusted old machine that had cleaned the corridors Maya had called it Corradora but no one else ever called it any F thing but Hey It could not or at least did not speak 1 and Nicholas doubted that it had emotions except possibly a sort of love of cleanness that did not extend to its own person You will understand someone was saying inside his head that motives of all sorts can be divided into two sorts A doctor A therapy robot It did not matter Extrinsic and intrinsic An extrinsic motive has always some further end in view and that end we call an intrinsic motive Thus when we have reduced motivation to intrinsic motivation we have reduced it to its simplest parts Take that machine over there What machine Freud would have said that it was fixated at the latter anal stage perhaps due to the care its builders exercised in seeing that the dirt it collects is not released again Because of its fixation it is as you see obsessed with cleanliness and order compulsive sweeping and scrubbing palliate its anxieties It is a strength of Freud s theory and not a weakness that it serves to explain many of the activities of machines as well as the acts of persons Hello there Corradora And hello Ignacio My head moving from side to side must remind you of a radar scanner My steps are measured slow and precise 1 emit a scarcely audible humming as 1 walk and my eyes are fixed as 1 swing my head not on you Ignacio but on the waves at the edge of sight where they curve up into the sky 1 stop ten meters short of you and 1 stand You go 1 follow ten meters behind What do 1 want Nothing Yes 1 will pick up the sticks and 1 will follow five meters behind Break them and put them on the fire Not all of them just a few Yes Ignacio keeps the fire here burning all the time Sometimes he takes the coals of fire from it to start others but here under the big palm log he has a fire always The rain does not strike it here Always the fire Do you know how he made it the first time Reply to him No No Patrdo No Patrao Ignacio stole it from the gods from Poseidon Now Poseidon is dead lying at the bottom of the water Which is the top Would you like to see him If you wish it Patrdo It will soon be dark and that is the time to fish do you have a spear No Patrdo Then Ignacio will get you one Ignacio took a handful of the sticks and thrust the ends into the fire blowing on them After a moment Nicholas leaned over and blew too until all the sticks were blazing Now we must find you some bamboo and there is some back here Follow me The light still nearly shadowless was dimming now so that it seemed to Nicholas that they walked on insubstantial soil though he could feel it beneath his feet Ignacio stalked ahead holding up the burning sticks until the fire seemed about to die then pointing the ends down allowing it to lick upward toward his hand and come to life again There was a gentle wind blowing out toward the sea carrying away the sound of the surf and bringing a damp coolness and when they had been walking for several minutes Nicholas heard in it a faint dry almost rhythmic rattle Ignacio looked back at him and said The music The big stems talking hear it They found a cane a little thinner than Nicholas s wrist and piled the burning sticks around its base then added more When it fell Ignacio burned through the upper end too making a pole about as long as Nicholas was tall and with the edge of a seashell scraped the larger end to a point Now you are a fisherman he said Nicholas said Yes Pardo still careful not to meet his eyes You are hungry Yes Patrdo Then let me tell you something Whatever you get is Ignacio s you understand And what he catches that is his too But when he has eaten what he wants what is left is yours Come on now and Ignacio will teach you to fish or drown you Ignacio s own spear was buried in the sand not far from the fire it was much bigger than the one he had made for Nicholas With it held across his chest he went down to the water wading until it was waist high then swimming not looking to see if Nicholas was following Nicholas found that he could swim with the spear by putting all his effort into the motion of his legs holding the spear in his left hand and stroking only occasionally with his right You breathe he said softly and watch the spear arid after that he had only to allow his head to lift from time to time He had thought Ignacio would begin to look for fish as soon as they were well out from the beach but the Brazilian continued to swim slowly but steadily until it seemed to Nicholas that they must be a kilometer or more from land Suddenly as though the lights in a room had responded to a switch the dark sea around them became an opalescent blue Ignacio stopped treading water and using his spear to buoy himself Here he said Get them between yourself and the light Open eyed he bent his face to the water raised it again to breathe deeply and dove Nicholas followed his example floating belly down with open eyes All the world of dancing glitter and dark island vanished as though he had plunged his face into a dream Far far below him Jupiter displayed its broad striped disk marred with the spreading Bright Spot where man made silicone enzymes had stripped the hydrogen from methane for kindled fusion a cancer and a burning infant sun Between that sun and his eyes lay invisible a hundred thousand kilometers of space and the temperglass shell of the satellite hundreds