公开课课件--被动语态.ppt

被动语态 语法专项 英语动词有两种语态 主动语态和被动语态 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者Theywillbuildanewbridgeovertheriver 主动 Anewbridgewillbebuiltovertheriver 被动 汉语中常用 被 给 由 受 等词用来表示被动 而英语用 助动词be 及物动词的过去分词构成 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 注 被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时 am is are donewas were doneshall will bedoneshould would bedoneam is are being donewas were being donehave has been donehad been done 二 各种时态下的被动语态 结构 be 过去分词 时态变化主要体现在be的变化上 以do为例 列表如下 1 一般现在时SimplePresent 人人都喜欢她 她受人人喜欢 Everyonelikesher She byeveryone is liked 2 一般过去时Simplepast 狗咬了他 他被狗咬了 Adogbithim He byadog wasbitten 河上将建一座桥 如果你违反法律 你就会受到惩罚 Abridge overtheriver Ifyoubreakthelaw you will willbepunished be built 3 一般将来时 4 现在完成时 BP机 beepers 已经被手机所取代 这件事已经被遗忘了 Beepers bymobilephones Thismatter have has been replaced been forgotten 5 现在进行时的被动语态 1 Astrangerisfollowingthegirl Thegirl byastranger is being followed 2 Theyarebuildingabridgeovertheriver Abridge overtheriver bythem is being built 6 含情态动词的被动语态1 Parentsshouldallowchildrentochoosetheirclothes 改为被动语态 Childrentochoosetheirclothes 2 Thebikecan mend intwodays shouldbeallowed bemended 被动语态的使用 1 当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时 常用被动语态 这时往往不用by短语 Mr White thecupwithmixturewasbrokenafterclass 只是告诉老师杯子坏了 不知是谁弄坏的 或不想说出谁弄坏的 2 突出或强调动作的承受者 如果需要说出动作的执行者 用by短语 TheserecordsweremadebyJohnDenver ThecupwasbrokenbyPaul 主动语态变被动语态的方法 1 Myauntinvitedmetoherdinnerparty 主语谓语宾语 Iwasinvited bymyaunt toherdinnerparty 主语谓语宾语 1 把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语 2 把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be 过去分词 时态要与原句保持一致 用被动语态改换下列各句 1 Myfatherwillrepairmybikeforme Mybikewillberepairedbymyfatherforme 2 Ihavefoundmywallet Mywallethasbeenfound 3 Shetoldmetowaithereforher Iwastoldtowaithereforher Theirclassroomisbeingcleanedbythestudentsnow 4 Youmustn ttakethosebooksoutofthereading room Thosebooksmustn tbetakenoutofthereading room 5 Thestudentsarecleaningtheirclassroomnow 6 Hegavemeapresent Iwasgivenapresent Apresentwasgiventome 7 Motheroftentellsherchildrenastoryatbedtime Childrenareoftentoldastoryatbedtimebymother Astoryisoftentoldbymothertochildrenatbedtime be PP 被动语态的基本结构 有各种时态的变化 考点一 1 NowEnglish bymoreandmorepeopleallovertheword A speaksB isspokenC wasspoken 一般现在时的被动语态 am is are PP 2 Thelostboy atthestreetcornerlastnight A wasfoundB isfoundC waslookedfor 一般过去时的被动语态 was were PP 3 Moreman madesatellites inthefuture A willsendupB willbesentupC aresentup 一般将来时的被动语态 will be PPbegoingto be PP 4 Threebridges sincelastyear A havebuiltB werebuiltC havebeenbuilt 现在完成时的被动语态 have has been PP 5 Flowers everyday A hasbeenwateredB shouldbewateredC shouldwater 含有情态动词的被动语态 情态动词 be PP 6 DidShirleyholdthepartyinhernewhouse No It A hasbeenpaintedB wasbeingpaintedC isbeingpaintedD painted 现在进行时和过去进行时的被动语态 is am are was were being done 考点二 被动语态中的特殊情况 6 Goodmedicine bittertothemouth A tastesB istastedC taste Thispen well A issoldB sellC sells 感官类系动词taste sound feel smell look等和sell drive read wash lock open等动词用主动语态表被动 7 Manypeople duringtheearthquakeinMay 2008 A werediedB deadC died belongto happen takeplace comeout last die等不及物动词不使用被动 Greatchanges inthepastfewyears A tookplaceB wastakenplaceC hastakenplaceD hasbeentakenplaceWeknewthewriterwhosebooks lastyear 出版 cameout 9 Childrenshould A takegoodcareofB betakengoodcareC betakengoodcareof 固定短语的被动不要丢掉后面的介词或副词 Theoldshould politely speakB speaktoC bespokenB bespokento 10 Yourdesk A needsrepairB needsrepairingC needstorepair need want require deserve等动词可以用 ing形式表示被动needtobedone needdoingdeservetobedone deservedoing 1 Heputhishandonthesurfaceofthestone It cold A feltB leftC isfeltD feelsInsomepartsoftheworld tea withmilkandsugar A isservingB isservedC servesD served 练习 3 Thenewdictionariesareveryuseful They welland already A sell havebeensoldoutB sold hadsoldoutC sell selloutD aresold havebeensoldout4 Thetrain arriveat11 30 butitwasanhourlate A wasabouttoB waslikelytoC wassupposedtoD wascertainto 5 Thisdictionarymustn t fromthelibrary A takeawayB takenawayC aretakenawayD betakenaway6 Myshoes Iwentoutforanewpair A iswornoutB woreoutC werewornoffD werewornout 7 Thatkindofshirts cotton A ismadefromB aremadefromC ismadeofD aremadeof8 Rice inSouthChina A growingB isgrownC aregrownD isgrow 9 Allthepre