信息科技英语翻译之个人计算机系统及应用第一章ppt课件

ITEnglishTranslationCourse:PersonalComputersandApplications,Chapter1NetworkingforHomeandSmallBusinessesWangQiaoshanCFLofCQUPT,之:个人电脑系统及应用,第一章:家用网络与小型商务网络汪乔山重庆邮电大学外国语学院/国际学院,Objectives,Identifythepurposeandusesofpersonalcomputersanddescribelocalandnetworkapplications.Compareandcontrastdifferenttypesofcomputingdevices.Explainthebinaryrepresentationofdata.Determineappropriatecomponentsandperipheraldevicestomeetrequirements.Install,verify,andupgradecomputercomponentsandperipherals.Practicetechnicaltranslation.,译文:目标,了解个人计算机的目的和用途，能够描述本地和网络应用程序。比较和对比不同的计算设备。说明数据的二进制表示方式。确定符合要求的组件和外围设备。安装、验证和升级计算机组件与外围设备。练习技术翻译。,ContextIndex,1.1PersonalComputersandApplications1.2TypesofComputers1.3BinaryRepresentationofData1.4ComputerComponentsandPeripherals1.5ComputerSystemComponents,译文:内容索引,1.1个人计算机和应用程序1.2计算机类型1.3数据的二进制表示1.4计算机组件和外围设备1.5计算机系统,Enter,1.1.1HowandWhereComputersareUsed,Computersareusedallovertheworldandinalltypesofenvironments.Wherearecomputersfoundwithinyourenvironment?,计算机广泛应用于世界各地各种类型的环境中。商业、制造环境、家庭、政府办公室以及非盈利性组织。您所处的环境中，哪些地方应用了计算机？,译文:1.1.1计算机的使用方式及应用场所,1.1.1HowandWhereComputersareUsed,Inorderformostcomputerstoperformusefulfunctions,therearethreethingsthathavetoworktogether:,译文:1.1.1计算机的使用方式及应用场所采用计算机的理由可谓各式各样，它们的用途也非常繁多。对于大多数计算机，要有效工作，有三个方面必须协同工作：硬件操作系统应用软件,1.1.2LocalandNetworkApplications,Thecomputerisonlyasusefulastheprogramorapplicationonit.Applicationscanbedividedintotwogeneralcategories:,译文:1.1.2本地和网络应用程序,计算机的实际作用取决于所安装的程序或应用程序。应用程序可分为两大类别：商业/行业软件-专为特定行业或市场设计的软件。此类软件有：医疗规程管理工具、教育工具及法律软件。通用软件-各种组织和家庭用户出于不同目的而使用的软件。个人或企业都可使用此类应用程序。,1.1.2LocalandNetworkApplications,InadditiontoBusiness/IndustryandGeneralUsesoftware,anapplicationcanbeclassifiedaslocalornetworked.,译文:1.1.2本地和网络应用程序,除了商业/行业和一般用途软件外，还可将应用程序分为本地或网络程序。本地应用程序例如：Office网络应用程序例如：电子邮件,Classifytheapplicationasbusiness/industryorgeneralandlocalornetworked.RefertointextbookAstudentchatswithafriendonacomputerinanotherroomusingInstantMessagesoftware.Afamilykeepstrackofhouseholdexpenseusingaspreadsheetprogramstoredonthecomputerharddrive.Aconstructioncompanydevelopsaprogramtoestimatethecostofbuildingahome.TheprogramisloadedfromaCD.Areal-estateagentuseshiscomputertopostinformationaboutahouselistingthatallowsotherrealestateagentstoaccesstheinformationfromtheircomputers.Apersonsendsanemailtoafriendinanothercountry.Astudenttypesahomeworkassignmentusingawordprocessorloadedfromtheirharddrive.,1.1.2LocalandNetworkApplications,译文:1.1.2本地和网络应用程序,判断应用程序的类别是商业还是通用，是本地还是网络，参考教材,1.2TypesofComputers,1.2计算机分类,译文:1.2计算机分类计算机分为多种不同的类型，包括：大型机服务器台式计算机工作站笔记本电脑手持便携式设备,1.2.2Servers,DesktopsandWorkstationsServersBladeServerRackMountServerStandaloneserver,译文:1.2.2服务器、台式计算机和工作站,服务器刀片式服务器：可最大程度的增强计算机的能力和可扩展性机架式服务器：在已具有设备机架的环境中可有效的节约地面空间独立服务器：适用于小型企业环境，在内部组件选择方面具有很大的灵活性,1.2.2Servers,DesktopsandWorkstations,DesktopsDesktopssupportmanyoptionsandcapabilities.Awidevarietyofcases,powersupplies,harddrives,videocards,monitorsandothercomponentsareavailable.,译文:1.2.2服务器、台式计算机和工作站,台式计算机支持多种选件和功能。可以选用各式各样的机箱、电源、硬盘、显卡、显示器和其它组件。台式计算机可具有许多不同的连接类型、视频选件以及大量支持的外围设备可供选择。,1.2.2Servers,DesktopsandWorkstations,WorkstationsWorkstationsarehigh-poweredbusinesscomputers.Theyaredesignedforspecialized,high-endapplicationslikeengineeringprogramssuchasCAD(ComputerAidedDesign).,译文:1.2.2服务器、台式计算机和工作站,工作站是高性能的商用计算机。它们是专门针对工程程序（例如CAD）等特殊的高端应用目的而设计；工作站用于3D图形设计、视频动画和虚拟现实仿真。也可以作为电信或医疗设备的管理站点。与服务器类似，工作站通常配备有数个CPU、大量RAM和多个大容量磁盘驱动器，速度非常快。工作站一般具有非常强大的图形能力，配有大屏幕显示器或多个显示器。,1.2.2Servers,DesktopsandWorkstations,DeterminethetypeofcomputertousebasedonagivenscenarioTheXYZcorporationdesignsandmanufacturescomplexelectroniccircuitboardsforuseinaircraft.Whatkindofcomputerwouldbebestsuitedforthedesignwork?Marioispurchasingacomputerforhisfamily.TheywillneedwordprocessorandspreadsheetapplicationsandwanttoplayDVDs.Whatkindofcomputerwouldbestsuittheirneed?TheAnimaticscompanydevelopsvirtualrealitysimulationsoftwareforthegamingindustry.Whatkindofcomputerwouldbebestfordevelopingthissoftware?ABCInc.justhired10newhelpdeskemployeestosupportnetworkendusers.Thehelpdeskpeoplewillneedtorunbasicofficeapplicationsaswellasahelpdeskproblemreportingapplication.Whatkindofcomputerwouldbebestforthistypeofwork?Manasmailorderbusinesshasgrownsignificantlyandsheneedsanewcomputertohostherwebsite.Sheisexpectingsignificantnumberofwebclientstoaccessthecomputerdaily.ShealsowantstousethecomputerforcentralizedfilestorageandforemployeeEmail.Whatkindofcomputerwouldbestsuitherneeds?,译文:服务器、台式计算机和工作站,判断场景中计算机所扮演的角色：服务器、工作站还是台式计算机.,1.2.3PortableDevices,Inadditiontovarioustypesofstationarycomputers,therearemanyportableelectronicdevicesavailable.Theseportabledevicesvaryinsize,powerandgraphiccapabilityandinclude:LaptopornotebookPCTabletPCPocketPCPersonalDigitalAssistant(PDA)GamingdeviceCellphones,译文:1.2.3便携式设备,这些便携式设备的大小、功能和图形能力各有不同，此类设备包括：平板电脑掌上电脑个人数字助理(PDA)游戏设备移动电话笔记本电脑,TuesdayChinasuccessfullylaunchedShenzhou-8spacecraftthatwillattemptthefirstunmannedrendezvouswiththetestmodule“Tiangong-1whichisalreadyinorbit.Thedockingwillbeacrucialsteptowardsbuildingaspacestationby2020.ThedockingmustbeheldwithintwodaysafterthelaunchofShenzhouVIIIatanaltitudeof343kmabovethesurfaceoftheEarth.TheShenzhouVIIIwaslaunchedat5:58localtime(9:58p.m.GMTMonday)intheGobiDesert(northwestChina)byaLongMarch2Frocket.Thespacecraftseparatedfromitslaunchrocketattheheightof200kmabovetheEarth.ShenzhouVIIIwillthencometogethertotestmoduleTiangong-1(HeavenlyPalace),launchedonSeptember29,thetwovesselswillbeplacedonthesameorbitandoperatingatapproximately28,000km/haroundtheEarth.Controlofin-spaceisacrucialstepintheconquestofspace,crossedbytheRussiansandAmericansinthe1960s.,ChinasuccessfullylaunchedShenzhou-8spacecraft,ItwillallowChinatoconductaspaceexplorationonalargerscale,saidZhouJianping,chiefengineerofthespaceflightprogram.Toensurethesuccessofthemission,considerablechangesweremadetothevesselfrompreviousShenzhoumodules,saidaspokesmanforthemannedflightprogram,WuPing.ShenzhouVIIIwillrecordimagesandreportparameterstobeusedformannedspacerendezvous.ThedockingwillbeconductedundertheprogramprovidingChinaaspacestationwithinadecade.Acrewcanliveindependentlyforseveralmonths,astheoldRussianspacestationMirandtheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS).IftheShenzhouVIIIissuccessful,nextyearChinawilllaunchtwoothershipstojoinTiangong-1,ShenzhouIXandShenzhouX,oneofwhichisinhabited.Twowomenareamongtheastronautsintrainingforthismission.Iftheyarechosen,theywillbethefirstChinesetobesentbyChinatospacestation.OnTuesday,ChineseVicePremierZhangDejiangattendedthelaunchfromthebaseofJiuquan(northwest),intheGobiDesert,whichwasalsoattendedbyofficialsfromtheEuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA)andtheGermanspaceagencyDLR.,CHINAHASTAKENTHENEXTSTEPINITSQUESTTOBECOMEAMAJORSPACEPOWERWITHTHELAUNCHOFTHEUNMANNEDSHENZHOU8VEHICLE.THESPACECRAFTRODEALONGMARCH2FROCKETINTOORBITWHEREITWILLATTEMPTTORENDEZVOUSANDDOCKWITHTHETIANGONG-1LAB,LAUNCHEDINSEPTEMBER.ITWOULDBETHEFIRSTTIMECHINAHASJOINEDTWOSPACEVEHICLESTOGETHER.THECAPABILITYISREQUIREDIFTHECOUNTRYISTOCARRYTHROUGHITSPLANTOBUILDASPACESTATIONBYABOUT2020.THELONGMARCHCARRIERROCKETLIFTEDAWAYFROMTHEJIUQUANSPACEPORTINTHEGOBIDESERTAT05:58,