M1U1grammar--attributiveclause

Senior I September 15th， 2014The Attributive Clause定语从句(1) Examiner: Senior 1 English GroupClass_ Name_Learning aims: To help the students master the Attributive Clause and the usage of relative pronouns: that, which, who, whom and whose.Difficulties and important points: The usage of relative pronouns: that, which, who, whom and whose.Teaching Procedures:Step ILead-in 1. Eg: a handsome / strong / naughty / tall / clever boy Eg: the boy in the classroom / on the playground / playing under the tree定语：_2. 定语从句The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling.Asking: Which boy is Tom?The boy_ is TomThis is a pen. He bought the pen yesterday.This is the pen _.The man is my friend. You met the man just now.The man_ is my friend.Step II. The Attributive Clause(定语从句)1 定语从句的定义及相关术语_：修饰某一名词或代词的从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后。 _：被定语从句修饰的词。 _：引导定语从句的词。关系词有_和_。 关系代词有_, _, _, _, _等； 关系副词有_、_、_等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A.引导定语从句；B.代替先行词；C.在定语从句中担当一个成份。如： The man ( who is shaking hands with my father) is a policeman.(分析句子成份) （ ）（ ） （ ） （ ）（ ）Step III. Relative pronouns(关系代词): 关系代词指代的先行词在从句中充当的成分That人或物主语，宾语，表语which 物主语，宾语who人主语，宾语Whom人 宾语Whose 人或物 定语(A)1. A person _steals things is called a thief.2. The man _I nodded to is Mr. Li.3. These are the trees_ were planted last year.4. A plane is a machine_ can fly.5. That is the girl_ pronunciation is the best in our class.(B) that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。 I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.(2) 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时。Ive read all the books that are not mine(3) 先行词是序数词或adj.最高级或被序数词或adj.最高级修饰时。This is the first book (that) he has read (4 ) 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。This is the very book that belongs to him.(5) 先行词既指人又指物时。We talked about the teachers and things (that) we remembered at school.(6) 当主句是who 或which 开头的特殊疑问句时，定语从句用that引导。Who is the man that is standing there.Step IV. Exercises.用适当的关系代词填空1. This is the factory _ we visited the day before yesterday.2. The man _ hair is white is my father.3. Do you know the reason _ he gave for being late.4. This is the highest mountain _ Ive ever climbed.5. Ill never forget the things and people _I came across in Africa.II.单项填空（ ）1.She will never forget the day _ she spent in Beijing.A. when B. what C. which D. why（ ）2.In the end she decided to sell the house _windows face south.A. which B. that C. what D. whose（ ）3.Is this the only thing _ she has brought to me?A. that B. which C. whose D. what（ ）4.They talked for about an hour of things and persons _ they remembered in the school. A. which B. that C. who D. whom（ ）5.This will be the last place _ Im going to visit.A. that B. which C. where D. thereSenior I September 22， 2014The Attributive Clause定语从句(2) Examiner: Senior 1 English GroupClass_ Name_Learning aims: 1. To know more about attributive clauses.2. To know the attributive clauses introduced by “preposition +which/whom”.Learning difficulties and important points: How to choose suitable prepositions in an attributive clauseLearning procedures:Step ILead-in Exercises on Page 9and 11.Step II 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句A. Examples：1. Do you know the boy to whom she was talking?2. The pencil with which he was writing suddenly broke. 3. Do you know the boy (that/who/whom) she was talking to? 结论：在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，指人只能用_，指物只能用_；但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制，关系代词还可以省去，尤其是在口语中。 B. 介词的选用原则1) 根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定。如： This is the book on which I spent 8 yuan. This is the book _ I paid 8 yuan. 2) 根据先行词的搭配习惯来决定。如：I remember the day on which I joined the League. I remember the days during which I lived here. I remember the month_ I stayed there.3) 根据从句中形容词的习惯搭配。 Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which Im not sure？4) 根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系。 Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles?C. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of, listen to, pay attention to 等。This is the watch _ I am looking for. D. 以the way为先行词（表方式）且从句中缺状语的限制性定语从句通常由in which或that引导，而且通常可以省略。如： The way (that / in which ) he answered the questions was surprising. I dont like the way _ you laugh at her. E. “介词+关系代词”前或后还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代词或者数词。如： He loves his parents deeply, both of whom (=of whom both) are very kind to him. In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which (=of which some) have gone bad. There are forty students in our class in all, _ (=of whom most) are from big cities. Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of _ (=_) are about country life. Step III ExercisesA. Fill in blanks.Use proper prepositions and relative pronouns to fill in the blanks.1.Do you like the book _ she spent $10?2.Do you like the book _ she paid $10?3. Do you like the book _ she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book _ she often talks? 5. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _ is the Yellow River. 6. The man _ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling.7. This is the book _I am looking for. B. Best choice1. He was educated at a local grammar school, _ he went on to Cambridge. A. from which B. after that C. after which D. from this 2. The world _ we live is made up of matter. A. on which B. of which C. at which D. in which3. This is the dictionary _ I paid 16 yuan. A. for which B. to which C. in which D. for that4. In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of _ are women. A. them B. which C. whom D. who5. I dont like the way_ you speak to her. A. / B. in that C. which D. of which6. April 1st is a special day, _ practical jokes may be played without punishment. A. in which B. on which C. with which D. for which Senior I September 23， 2014The Attributive Clause定语从句(3) Examiner: Senior 1 English GroupClass_ Name_Learning aims: 1. To know more about attributive clauses.2. To know how to use the relative adverbs to begin the attributive clauses.Learning difficulties and important points: To know how to use the relative adverbs to begin the attributive clauses.Learning Procedures:Step I The attributive clause introduced by the relative adverbsA. 定语从句中关系副词的用法1. 定语从句中关系副词有：when, where, why 2. 关系副词在定语从句中作_成份： when 表_；where 表_; why 表_。1) He remember the day _ his father died. 2) I went back to the place _ I was born and grew up. 3) Please give me the reason _ you were late this time. 3. 并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词时都用when, where, why，若先行词在定语从句中不作状语，而是作主语或宾语，就必须用_或_。 试比较: 1) We often think of the days _ we spent together in the countryside.2) We often think of the days_ we worked together in the countryside. 试比较:3) We believe the reason _ he told us. 4) The reason _ he was absent yesterday is still unknown.4. 关系副词when, where和why也可用“介词+which”来代替，要注意其先行词（名词）与介词的合理搭配，介词根据先行词或定语从句的谓语动词来确定。 when 相当于“at/in/on/during+which” where 相当于“in/at/on+which”why 相当于“for + which” 如：The factory where / _ Mr. Wang works is a shoe one.Ill never forget the day when /_ I joined the League.This is the reason why /_ he didnt come to the meeting.B. 思考: 是否所有的介词+关系代词都能用关系副词代替?1. The painting _ I looked was painted by me.2. The book _ I heard was written twenty years ago.3. The pen _ she wrote that book can now be seen in a museum.4. Kunming is a beautiful place _ flowers are seen all the year round.5. Yesterday we went to visit the house _ the great writer used to live.6. I will never forget the day _I first met you on the ship. 结论：_Step II 即学即练I. Finish the following exercises.1. I) still remember the day _ I came here. 2). I still remember the day _ I came here.3). I still remember the day _ we spent together.2. 1) I went to the place _ we worked ten years ago.2) . I went to the place _ we worked ten years ago. 3). I went to the place _ we visited ten years ago.3. 1) This is the reason _ he was late.2