高三英语二轮复习 第6模块 专题二 说明文型阅读简答精品课件 湘教版.ppt

专题二说明文型阅读简答,专题二说明文型阅读简答,专题二专题导读,说明文也是阅读简答题常见的体裁之一。把握说明文的语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明文的常见写作顺序有：时间顺序(指先后顺序)，空间顺序(从局部到整体，从上到下，从内到外)，逻辑顺序(前因后果，先果后因，先主后次)，认识顺序(由此及彼，由浅入深，由具体到抽象，由现象到本质)。文章通常层次清晰，整体性强，易读易懂。,专题二真题典例,2008湖南卷everyjanuary,breckenridgehoststheinternationalshowsculpturechampionships.fourteenteamstravelfromallovertheworldtoswitzerlandtocompete.teamssculptforsixtyfivehoursoverfivedays.eachteamhopesthatwhenthetimeisup,itssculpturewillbejudgedthebest.asthechampionshipbegins,thefourteenteamsarefacedwithhugeblocksofsnowthatweightwentytonseach.thesculptorsbringouttheirfavoritetoolsthatworkbestonthehardicedsnow,buttheyarenotallowedtoemploytoolsthatuseelectricity.,专题二真题典例,mostteamsareinspiredbywhattheyhaveseenindailylife.forexample,oneteamcarvedateapotwithteapouringout.anotherteamsculptedalittlecatonitshindfeet(后脚)reachingintoafishbowlcompletewithwaterripples(涟漪)andacrab(螃蟹)tryingtoattackthecat.in2006,teamusasculptedagoldendoglookingatitsimagereflectedinamirror.tocreatetheeffectthatthelittledogsawitsreflectionintheglass,theartistscarvedtwodogsfacingeachotherwiththeirpaws(脚爪)touching.asthefinalhoursofthecompetitiontickby,exhaustedteammembersaddlastminutedetails.theyusesmallbroomstobrushoffsnowcaughtintiny,专题二真题典例,holes.oneteammembercountsdownthelastfiveminuteswhileothersarebusycleaningupthetools.iftheyleaveanytoolsbehind,theywillbeout.whenthewhistleblows,everyonemuststepawayfromthesculpture.thejudgesthenvoteoncreativity,technicalskills,andvisualimpact(视觉效果)ofthedesigns.in2006,teamusatookfirstplacefortheirgoldendogsculpturetitled“discovery”.butthecompetitionisnotjustaboutmedalsandribbons.“itsnotabouttheprize，”saidrobneyland,teamusascaptain.“itsabouttouchingtheaudience.”,专题二真题典例,everyyear,asthechampionshipends,eachteamisalreadydreamingofthenextmasterpieceitwilldesign.1whatkindoftoolsarethesculptorsnotpermittedtouse?(nomorethan6words)_2whatgivesthesculptorsideasfortheircreativework?(nomorethan9words)_3whydidteamusawinthecompetitionin2006?(nomorethan15words)_,专题二真题典例,【解析】本篇为介绍国际冰雕锦标赛的说明文。主要介绍参赛队伍创作冰雕作品的方法与过程、冰雕作品的评奖细则以及参赛队伍对锦标赛的体会等。1thetoolsthatuseelectricity.抓住问题关键词“tools,notpermittedtouse”后不难在第二段找到信息句thesculptorsbringouttheirfavoritetoolsthatworkbestonthehardicedsnow,buttheyarenotallowedtoemploytoolsthatuseelectricity.由此可判断作答。2thethingstheyhaveseenindailylife.问题关键词“ideasfortheircreativework”可在第三段找到信息句mostteamsareinspiredbywhattheyhaveseenindailylife.由此可判断作答。,专题二真题典例,3becauseitssculpturewasjudgedthebestforcreativity,technicalskillsandvisualimpact.根据第四段提到的评奖细则thejudgesthenvoteoncreativity,technicalskills,andvisualimpactofthedesigns.可推断作答。,专题二新题预测,(一)theflag，themostcommonsymbolofanationinthemodernworld，isalsooneofthemostancient.withaclearsymbolicmeaning,theflaginthetraditionalformisstillusedtodaytomarkbuildings,shipsandothervehiclesrelatedtoacountry.thenationalflagasweknowittodayisinnowayaprimitiveartifact(手工艺品)itis,rather，theproductofthousandsofyearsdevelopment.historiansbelievethatithadtwomajorancestors,ofwhichtheearlierservedtoshowwinddirection.,专题二新题预测,earlyhumanbeingsusedveryfragilehousesandboats.oftenstrongwindswouldtearroofsfromhousesorcausehighwavesthatendangeredtravelers.peoplesfoodsuppliesweresimilarlyvulnerable(脆弱的).evenaftertheyhadlearnedhowtoplantgrains,theystillneededhelpfromnaturetoensuregoodharvests.thereforetheyfearedanddependedonthepowerofthewind,whichcouldbringwarmthfromonedirectionandcoldfromanother.usingasimplepieceofclothtiedtothetopofaposttotellthedirectionofthewindwasmoredependablethanearliermethods，suchaswatchingtherisingofsmokefromafire.theconnectionof,专题二新题预测,theflagwithheavenlypowerwasthereforereasonable.earlyhumansocietiesbegantofixlongpiecesofclothtothetopsoftotems(图腾)beforecarryingthemintobattle.theybelievedthatthepowerofthewindwouldbeaddedtothegoodwishesofthegodsandancestorsrepresentedbythetotemsthemselves.theseflagsdevelopedveryslowlyintomodernflags.thefirstknownflagofanationorarulerwasunmarked.thekingofchinaaround1000bcwasknowntohaveawhiteflagcarriedaheadofhim.thispracticemighthavebeenlearnedfromegyptiansevenfurtherinthepast,butitwasfromchinathat,专题二新题预测,itspreadovertraderoutesthroughindia，thenacrossarablands，andfinallytoeurope,whereitmetupwiththeotherancestorofthenationalflag.1whatdoestheflagmeantoanation?(nomorethan9words)_2howmanyancestorswerebelievedtohavebyhistorians?(nomorethan1word)_,专题二新题预测,3whyweretheearliestflagsconnectedwithheavenlypower?(nomorethan10words)_4whatsthemainideaofthepassage?(nomorethan6words)_,专题二新题预测,【解析】1itisthemostcommonandancientsymbol.根据第一段theflag，themostcommonsymbolofanationinthemodernworld，isalsooneofthemostancient.可判断作答。2two.根据第二段historiansbelievethatithadtwomajorancestors,ofwhichtheearlierservedtoshowwinddirection.可判断作答。3becausetheywerebelievedtostandfornaturalforces.综合倒数第二段内容可判断作答。4thedevelopmentofthenationalflag.综合全文内容再结合最后一段第一句可判断作答。,专题二新题预测,(二)vitamindhelpsbonesandmusclesgrowstrongandhealthy.lowlevelsofvitamindcanleadtoproblemslikerickets(佝偻病)andosteoporosis(骨质疏松).ricketsisadeformitymainlyfoundinchildren.osteoporosisisthethinningofbone,acommonproblemaspeople,especiallywomen,getolder.studieshavesuggestedthatvitamindmayalsohaveotheruses.studieshaveshownthatlowlevelsofvitamindmayincreasetheriskofheartattacksanddeathsfromsomecancers.otherstudieshaveshownthatpeoplewithrheumaticdiseases(风湿病)oftenhavelowlevelsofvitamind.,专题二新题预测,theeasiestwaytogetvitamindisfromsunlight.theultravioletraysreactwithskincellstoproducethevitamin.butmanypeopleworryaboutskincancerandskindamagefromthesun.darkerskinnedpeopleproducelessvitamindthanlighterskinnedpeople.productionalsodecreasesinolderpeopleandthoselivinginnorthernareasthatgetlesssunlight.notmanyfoodsnaturallycontainvitamindfoodswithhighlevelsincludeoilyfishsuchassalmon,tunaandmackerel,andfishliveroils.theresearchersreportedin2007thatfarmedsalmonhadalotlessvitamindthanwildsalmon.,专题二新题预测,smallamountsofvitamindarefoundinbeefliver,cheeseandeggyolks.andsomepeopletakedietarysupplementscontainingthevitamin.butmostofthevitamindintheamericandietcomesfromfoodslikemilkwiththevitaminadded.thesedays,moredoctorsaretestingforvitamindlevelsintheirpatients.butasresearchcontinues,someexpertsworrythatifpeopletaketoomuchvitamind,itmightactasapoison.also,skindoctorswarnpeopletobecarefulwithsunexposure.,专题二新题预测,howmuchvitaminddoesahealthypersonneed?nutritionexpertsadvisedtheamericangovernmenttosetthecurrentrecommendationsin1997.itsetthedailyamountattwohundredinternationalunitsfrombirththroughagefifty.itsetthelevelatfourhundredinternationalunitsthroughageseventy,andsixhundredforageseventyoneandover.“butsomegroupssaytheseamountsarenothighenough”1whatwillhappentotheboneifawomansuffersfromosteoporosis?(nomorethan4words)_,专题二新题预测,2howisvitamindproducedinourbody?(nomorethan11words)_3listthreegroupswhoarelikelytohavelessvitamind?(nomorethan11words)_4whatconclusioncanwedrawaboutthedailyintakeofvitamindfromthelast