美国节日课件.ppt

HolidaysandfestivalsinAmerica,UnitGoals,TogetageneralknowledgeoftheAmericanfestivalsTolearnhowAmericansobservetheirfestivals,WhatcomesintoyourmindwhenChristmasismentioned?,giftexchanging,Christmastree,SantaClaus,Christmascarols,Christmascards,SantaClaus,snowmen,brightlights,colorfuldecorations,bells,andthetraditionalsongsallthesehelptomakeDecemberthemostfestivemonthoftheyear.InthenorthernpartoftheUS,winterweathercanbefrightful.Yetevenwintersnowstormscannotburythatcontagiousfeelingoffestivity.Whydoesalmosteverybodyfeelsogood?,Itisgift-givingtime,partytime,andvacationtime.Studentsfromelementaryschoolthroughcollegehaveabout2weeksvacation,beginningshortlybeforeChristmasandendingsoonafterNewYearsDay.Manyfamiliesgoawayfortheholidaystovisitrelativesinanotherstate,skiinthemountains,orsunbatheonthebeachesintheSouth.,EconomicsofChristmas,Christmasistypicallythelargestannualeconomicstimulusformanynations.Salesincreasedramaticallyinalmostallretailareasandshopsintroducenewproductsaspeoplepurchasegifts,decorations,andsupplies.,ChristmasattheWhiteHouse,EachyearathemeisselectedforChristmasattheWhiteHouse,atraditionstartedbyFirstLadyJacquelineKennedyin1961.,ThethemefortheWhiteHouseChristmasin2011is“Shine,Give,Share”，whichoffersanopportunitytopaytributetoUStroops,veterans,andtheirfamiliesthroughouttheWhiteHouse.,BoisChristmasstarinWhiteHousedecor,Pardonme,Mr.President,LearningaboutThanksgivingDay,NationalThanksgivingTurkey,OneachThanksgivingDay,averystrangethinghappensattheWhiteHouse.There,theUSPresidentwillpardonaturkey!Inthemorning,2turkeysaretakentotheWhiteHouse.,ThePresidentwillpatoneofthemonthehead.Thentheturkeysarepardoned!Peoplewonteatthem&theyllflytoDisneyWorld&livehappily!,Theturkeypardoningbeganin1947.Sincethen,everyUSpresidenthaspardonedaturkeyonThanksgiving.Wheredothe2luckyturkeyscomefrom?Actually,eachApril,peopleprepareabout2,500turkeys,givethemthebestfood&letthemliveinhouseswithair-conditioning!,AsThanksgivinggetsnearer,2ofthebestturkeysarechosen.TheothersbecomeThanksgivingdinnerssomewhere.Oneluckybirdisthewinner&theotheristhefirstrunnerup.Therunnerupisjustincasethewinnerdoesntbehave.Boththe2birdsweighabout45pounds&lookbeautiful.PeoplevoteontheWhiteHousewebsitetodecidethe2turkeysnames.In2011,PresidentObamapardonedaturkeynamedLiberty.Andhisfriend,aswellashisalternate,wascalledPeace.,LibertyandPeacewillnothavetoworryaboutabrinebath(briningthebirdbeforeitiscooked).,ThetwoturkeyswillspendtherestoftheirdaysonthegroundsofMountVernon,theVirginiaestateofthefirstU.S.president,GeorgeWashington.(theDisneyWorldrefusedtoreceiveturkeyssince2009),WhatimagescomeintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofHalloween?,Masks,childrendressedincostumes,jack-o-lanterns,hauntedhouses,witches,wizards&otherhorroritemsorspookystuff.,Prereading,HalloweenMasks,Halloween,whichfallsonOctober31,isoneofthemostunusual&funnyholidaysintheUS.CelebratedinAmericasincethelate1800s.Itsalsooneofthescariest!Itsassociatedwithghosts,skeletons,witches,andotherscaryimages.,ThereasonthatHalloweenisfilledwithscaryimagesgoesbackmorethan2,000years.InancientBritain&Ireland,October31wasthelastdayoftheyear.Itwastheendofthegrowingseason&thebeginningofwinter,atimeofdarkness&death.Peoplebelievedthatonthisdayghostsreturnedtotheearth,soitbecameafestivalforthegodofthedead.Inordertoscaretheghostsaway,peoplebuilthugefiresworecostumesmadeofanimalskins.,ManyoftheoriginalHalloweentraditionshavedevelopedtodayintofunnyactivitiesforchildren.Themostpopularoneis“trickortreat”.OnHalloweennight,childrendressupincostumes&gotovisittheirneighbors.Whensomeoneanswersthedoor,thechildrencryout,“Trickortreat!”Whatthismeansis,“Giveusatreat,orwellplayatrickonyou!”Thepeopleateachhousethengivecandyorfruitorsometimesafewcoins.,Reading,AnotherpopularHalloweenactivityistovisita“hauntedhouse.”Usuallyyouhavetobuyatickettogetin.Asyougofromroomtoroom,youmeetonescarythingafteranother.,Reading,Monsters&witchesmightjumpoutatyouinthedark.Youmighthearscreams&criesfrombehind,asifsomeoneisbeingkilled.Oryoumightsuddenlyfeelaspiderwebinyourface.Itsbestnottogoalone!,Manypeoplealsoliketomakejack-o-lanternsonHalloween.Ajack-o-lanternisapumpkinthatishollowedouthasafacecarvedonit.Itsputinawindoworoutsideahouse&acandleisplacedinsidesothatthefacelightsup.,TheJack-o-lanterncustomprobablycomesfromIrishfolklore.Asthetaleistold,amannamedJack,whowasnotoriousasadrunkardandtrickster,trickedSatanintoclimbingatree.Jackthencarvedanimageofacrossinthetreestrunk,trappingthedevilupthetree.Jackmadeadealwiththedevilthat,ifhewouldnevertempthimtoHell,hewouldpromisetolethimdownthetree.Accordingtothefolktale,afterJackdied,hewasdeniedentrancetoHeavenbecauseofhisevilways,buthewasalsodeniedaccesstoHellbecausehehadtrickedthedevil.,Instead,thedevilgavehimasingleember(余火未尽的煤块)tolighthiswaythroughthefrigiddarkness.Theemberwasplacedinsideahollowed-outturniptokeepitglowinglonger.Allhecoulddowaswalkingtheearthasaghost,carryingalantern&lookingforaplacetorest.TheIrishusedturnipsastheirJackslanternsoriginally.ButwhentheimmigrantscametoAmerica,theyfoundthatpumpkinswerefarmoreplentifulthanturnips.SotheJack-O-LanterninAmericawasahollowed-outpumpkin,litwithanember.,Mostpeopletoday,ofcourse,dontbelievethatghostswalktheearthonHalloween.Butthisdoesntstopthemfromcelebratingafunny&scaryholiday.Halloweenhasalwaysbeenanightofmischief.Pranks(恶作剧)arecommon.,Reading,Easter,AChristianholydayinMarchorAprilwhenChristiansrememberthedeathofChrist&hisreturntolife.,EasterisamajorChristianholidaythatcommemoratestheresurrection(复活)ofJesusChrist.ItscelebratedonaSundaybetweenMarch22&April25.BesidesthereligiousaspectsofEaster,peoplealsocelebratespringorthesignsofnewlife.Flowersareseeneverywhere.ChildrenreceiveEasterbasketsfilledwithcandy,Eastereggs,chocolatebunnies&jellybeans!ThedyeingofeggswithfoodcolorisalsoanEastertraditioninmanyAmericanfamilies.,EasterBunny,EasterEggHunt,TwotraditionalEasteregggamesaretheEasterEggHuntandtheEasterEggRoll.OnEastermorningthechildrenofthehousejoininasearchtolocatetheeggsthattheEasterBunnyhadhiddenwhiletheywereasleep.Thesearchingmightcontinuethroughoutthehousewiththeolderchildrenhelpingtheyoungest.Sometimesprizesofcandyareawaitingthechildfindingthemosteggs.,EggRollingInEngland,Germanyandsomeothercountries,childrenrolledeggsdownhillsonEastermorning,agamewhichhasbeenconnectedtotherollingawayoftherockfromJesusChriststombwhenhewasresurrected.BritishsettlersbroughtthiscustomtotheNewWorld.,Fourpatrioticholidays,MemorialDayinspiredbytheCivilWarVeteransDayinspiredbyWorldWarIndependenceDayrelatedtotheAmericanRevolutionFlagDayrelatedtothebirthoftheUSWhatarethereasonswhycountrieshavepatrioticholiday?Theseholidaysareoccasionsfortellingthenations“story”tothenextgenerationandtonewimmigrants.Nationalmemoriesgiveamulti-ethnicnationacommonculture.,VacationingintheUS,WhendomostAmericanfamiliesgoawayonvacation?MostAmericanworkersreceiveanannualvacationofatleasttwoweekswithpay,anditstraditionaltousethistimeofffortravel.Sincevacationsareusuallyfamilyaffairs,themostpopularvacationperiodsareduringthesummerandduringthe2-weekschoolbreaksurroundingtheChristmasandNewYearsholidays.Theseperiodsarealsothemostcrowdedandgenerallythemostexpensivetimestotravel,sopeoplewhocan,usuallyvacationatothertimes.,VisitingthemeParks,OneimportantAmericancontributiontovacationfunisthethemepark.Whatisathemepark?Themeparksaremodernamusementparks,whichweresopopularfromthe1890stothe1960s.Likeamusementparks,themeparkshavecarnivalgames,rides,shows,displays,shopsthatsellsouvenirsandrestaurantsandfoodstands.Tendtobemuchlargerandmorehigh-techthantheolderamusementparks.Bedevelopedaroundatheme.,QuiteeducationalaswellasentertainingGreatappealtopeopleofallagesandareoftenafamilysprimaryvacationdestination.Manythemeparksarecombinationsofamusementparksandzoos.DisneyisnottheonlyAmericancompanyinthethemeparkbusiness.Sixflagshas14themeparksand3waterparksacrosstheUS.,Planningavacation,Whenplanningavacation,whatdopeoplewantmost?Achangeofscene.Folkswholiveinsmal