定语从句课件5

,定语从句,定义：在复合句中，修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。结构：先行词+关系词+句子,关系词,TheAttributiveClause(定语从句）,关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词:when,where,why,指物：thatwhich指人：who(主/宾格)thatwhom(宾格),在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.ThenoodlesthatIcookedweredelicious.Whoisthemanthatisreadingthebookoverthere?ThesilkwhichisproducedinHangzhousellswell.,先行词,_,_,关系代词,_,定语从句,Isthisbookthatyourfatherboughtforyou?,Isthisbooktheonethatyourfatherboughtforyou?Isthisthebookthatyourfatherboughtforyou?,关系代词that,which引导的定语从句:如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词，关系代词应用that、which.(作主语或宾语),Thisisadream.Thedreamwillnevercometrue.,Thisisadreamwhichnevercometrue.,Thedoghasbeenfound.Thedogwaslost.,Thedogwhichwaslosthasbeenfound.,Practise:Thisisthehousewhichisforsale.2.Thebookwhichislyingonthefloorismine.,which/that作主语.(不能省),/that,（作主语）,which/that作宾语：（可省略）,Thisisthecard.Ivejustreceivedthecard.,Thisisthecardwhich/thatIvejustreceived.,Practise:Thisisthemistakewhich/thatIalwaysmake.Istillkeeptheletterswhichshewrotetome.Ilostthepenwhichmyfatherboughtme.,(),（作宾语）,关系代词who,that引导的定语从句:如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应用who,that(作主语或宾语)whom(作宾语),who/that作主语.(不能省),Thisisthefilmstar.ThefilmstarisverypopularinChina.,ThisisthefilmstarwhoisverypopularinChina.(作主语),TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledRoy.Doyouknowthemanwhospokeatthemeetingyesterday?Thegirlwhoiswateringtheflowersismycousin.,/that,who/whom/that作宾语：(可省略),Themanisafamouswriter.Hedescribedthemanjustnow.,Theman(who/whom/that)hedescribedjustnowisafamouswriter.(作宾语）,Theboywho(m)Imlookingforismyfriend.Thethiefhasbeensenttoprison.Thepolicecaughtthethieflastnight.,Thethiefwhomthepolicecaughtlastnighthasbeensenttoprison.,小结：that既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。which指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略.,who指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略,（常用whom）,注:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。,ThegirlinahatisLucy.=Thegirlwho/thatisinahatisLucy.,Thecupfilledwithwaterwasputonthetable.=Thecupthat/whichwasfilledwithwaterwasputonthetable.,介词短语作后置定语与定语从句的互换：,_,_,Sheisoneofthosewomen,who,havecars.,定语从句的同意句转换:,1.TheteacherwhowearsapairofglassesisMissWang.=TheteacherwearingapairofglassesisMissWang.2.ThemachinethatismadeinChinaisdear.=ThemachinemadeinChinaisdear.3.Thenovelthatiswrittenbyhimsellswell.=Thenovelwrittenbyhimsellswell.4.Thedinosaurs(which)werediscoveredbythemareonshow.=Thedinosaurs,discoveredbythem,are.,有时只能用that,不用which,常见的情况有六种：,当先行词是all,any,few,little,none,anything,everything,nothing,everybody,nobody,everyone,noone或被它们修饰时。ThatsallthatIknow.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?Heansweredfewquestionsthattheteacherasked.2.当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时ThatisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.,ThefirstthingthatIshoulddoistoreviewmylessons.3.当先行词有thevery,theonly,thesame等修饰时。ThatstheonlythingthatIcandonow.Thesearetheverywordsthatheused.4.当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句的关系词用that,而不用which或who.Whoisthegirlthatspoketoyoujustnow?Whichisthepenthatyoulost?,5.先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that.ThemanandhisdogthatIalwaysmeetarestandingbythegate.6.当关系代词在从句中作表语时。Chinaisnotthecountrythatitwas.,只用which,不用that的情况：1.关系代词前有介词时。Thisisthecagethat/whichPollylivesin.=ThisisthecageinwhichPollylives.,inthat(),=ThisisthecagewherePollylives.,2.先行词本身为that.Theclockisthatwhichtellsthetime.3.在非限制性定语从句中。HisEnglish,whichusedtobepoor,isexellentnow.,Herbag,in_sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.Thisistheringon_shespent1000dollars.XiaoWang,with_Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyitverymuch.,which,which,whom/who,在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom。,不用that，而用which，who，whom的情况,Hemadethesamemistakesagain,_madehisparentsveryangry.YesterdayIboughtadictionary,_costmemorethan100yuan.MrSmith,_gaveatalkseveralmonthsago,willcomeagain.Myunclehascomebackfromabroad,_Ihaventmetforalongtime.,which,which,who,whom,在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用who或whom。,whose作定语,表示所属关系。,Theboyismyclassmate.Theboysfatherisadetective.,Theboywhosefatherisadetectiveismyclassmate.,whose=ofwhom,=Theboythefatherofwhomisadetectiveismyclassmate.=Theboyofwhomthefatherisadetectiveismyclassmate.,Thereare20studentsinthisclass,_aredifferent.A.whosebackgroundsB.thebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.thebackgroundsofwhose,when作时间状语:Shewillneverforgettheday.Shewasmarriedonthatday.,Shewillneverforgetthedaywhen(=onwhich)shewasmarried.,Itwastheyear.TheWorldWarIbrokeoutintheyear.,Itwastheyearwhen(=inwhich)theWorldWarIbrokeout.,When=介词+which,where作地点状语,Iwanttoknowtheplace.Iwasbornthere.,Iwanttoknowtheplacewhere(=inwhich)Iwasborn.,Thetablewhere(=atwhich)sheissittingisanewone.,where=介词+which,why作原因状语,其先行词常常是thereason.,Thatisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Imlate.,Iknowthereasonwhyhesaidit.,why=forwhich,Exercises:1.Theradioset_hasgonewrong.A.IboughtitlastweekB.IboughtlastweekC.whichIboughtitlastweekD.whatIboughtlastweek2.Illtellyou_hetoldmelastweek.A.allwhichB.allwhatC.thatallD.all,B,D,3.Thisisthebiggestlab_wehaveeverbuiltinourschool.A.whichB.whatC.whereD./4.IsOxygen(氧气）theonlygas_helpsfireburn?thatB./C.whichD.itAchild_parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan(孤儿).A.whoB.whoseC.whosD.which,A,B,D,6.Thehouse_wesawatthefootofthehillwasbuil