人教新目标2014春八年级英语下册unit9知识点

Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum?课文重难点讲解1. Have you ever been to a science museum?你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？ have/ has been to + 地名 “曾经去过某地” , 现在已经回到原地。have gone to “已经去某地了” ， 说话时该人不在现场。 have been in +地点 待在某地，常与时间段搭配。I have been in Shanghai for three years.()Maryisnthere.Shehas_theshop.A.beentoB.wenttoC.gonetoD./【2013江苏中考1】Anumberoftourists_Yangzhoumanytimesbecauseitissuchabeautifulcity.A.havebeentoB.hasbeentoC.hasgonetoD.havegoneto2. Me neither 我也没有。【解析】在英语中，表示“也”的知识归纳如下： 主语 + neitherA. 否定句中的“也” neither +助动词/be + 主语 完整的否定句后加either，但要加逗号隔开。3. Lets go to one tomorrow. 咱们明天去一个看看吧！【解析】 Lets 中的us 包括对方，反意疑问句用 shall weLets go and listen to the music, _? Let us 不包括对方, 反意疑问句用will youLet us wait for you in the reading room, _? Let sb. do sth 让某人做某事 （sb.应用人称代词的宾格形式）4.Letsgosomewheredifferenttoday.咱们今天去个不同的地方吧。【解析】形容词修饰不定代词/副词,放在不定代词之后。【注】somewhere表达地点时，前面不用介词。Goandplaysomewhereelse.【2012江苏连云港2】Haveyoubought_forLindasbirthday?Notexactly.Justsomeflowers,A.somethingunusualB.anythingunusualC.unusualsomethingD.unusualanything【2013绥化3】Howdoyoulikethetalkshow?Ithinkits_,butsomepeoplethinkitsso_.A.wonderfulenough;boredB.enoughwonderful;boringC.wonderfulenough;boring5. Its really interesting, isnt it?【反意疑问句】一、定义：即附加疑问句。表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。二、结构：陈述句+附加疑问句？Itshottoday,isntit?三、原则：1.前肯后否，前否后肯2.前名后代3.时态一致Theyworkhard,dontthey?四、做题方法（一）找动词（1）如果句中有助动词、情态动词、be动词，反意疑问句中也相应的用助动词、情态动词、be动词。Heisastudent,_?(2)如果句中没有助动词、情态动词、be动词，只有实义动词时，就要借助助动词。Sheoftengetupat6:30everymorning,_?(二)判断句子是肯定还是否定，“前肯后否，前否后肯”Thestudentshaveplantedmanytrees,_?(三)反意疑问句的主语必须转换成人称代词主格。Theboycantswim,_?【2013温州1】ItsFathersDay,_?Yes.LetsbuyagiftforDad.A.isntitB.doesntitC.isntheD.doesnthe【2013永州1】Yourschoolisverybeautiful,_?A.isntitB.isitC.isyourschool【2013益阳3】Jimhadnothingforbreakfastthismorning,_?_.Hegotuptoolate.A.hadshe;YesB.hadnthe;YesC.didhe;No6. Ilearnedabouttheinventionsthatledtocolormovies,too.我还了解了一些发明，它们成就了彩色电影。【解析1】invent v 发明inventor n 发明家 invention n 发明invent发明指事物从无到有（客观上没有）discover发现强调事物本身存在，只不过从“未知”到“已知”（客观上以前存在）【解析2】lead led led v引导，引诱 leader n 领导人 【拓展】 lead to sth 导致 lead sb. to sw 引导某人去某地 lead sb. to do sth 引导某人干某事7. take the/a +交通工具+to +地点“乘坐” (放于句中) 动词短语在句中做谓语 take the subway 乘地铁 take the train 乘火车 take the bus 乘公共汽车 take the taxi 打的()Mymotherusually_thetraintowork.A.byB.goesC.ridesD.takes8. Weputupatentandcookedoutside.我们搭起帐篷，在户外做饭。【解析】putup搭起；举起；张贴【短语】：put away 把收起来 put on 穿上 put up 张贴，put out 熄灭 putinto 把放进 put down 放下【2013湖北孝感4】_yoursunglasses,Sally.Thesunissobright.A.PutdownB.PutupC.PutawayD.Puton9.Theyhaveinformationaboutdifferentcomputersandwhoinventedthem.那里有各式各样的计算机的信息以及是谁发明了它们。【解析】information信息；资料【辨析】information/message/ newsinformation指电视、电脑或其它杂志等获得的信息，为不可数名词； a piece of information 一条信息You can get much information on the Internet. message“消息、口信、电报” 指书面、口头、无线电等传来的信息， 为可数名词； Ill leave a message for her. 我将为她留个口信。. news“新闻，消息”，指通过报纸、电台、电视等新闻媒介报道的最新消息，为不可数名词。 a piece of news 一则新闻【谚语】No news is good news 没有消息就是好消息 Is there any good news today?10. Itsunbelievablethattechnologyhasprogressedinsucharapidway!真是难以置信，科技发展的竟然如此迅速。【解析1】unbelievable难以置信的；不真实的（反）believe【记】believe +able = believable 可信的 un + believable =unbelievable 难以置信的 That story is unbelievable.【解析2】progress v进步；进展 n(不可数n) make progress 取得进步 make progress in 在.方面 取得进步 I have made much progress in English.rapid 强调反应“敏捷”等She made a rapid decision.quick强调时间 “短“ There will be a quick visit.fast强调速度 “ 快”I can run fast .11. 【解析】wonder v想要知道= want to know 后接从句，也可接“疑问词+不定式” I wonder who she is. I wonder what to do next. n. 惊奇；奇观 the seven wonders of the world 【记】 I wondered how on earth this wonder was built. 他想知道这个奇观究竟是怎么样建成的。12.IvereallybeentoaveryunusualmuseuminIndia,theInternationalMuseumofToilets.我最近去了印度的一个不同寻常的博物馆国际厕所博物馆。【解析】unusual adj.特别的；不同寻常的（反）usual an unusual experience 不同寻常的经历【2013湖北十堰2】26. This is a useful dictionary, I think. So it is, and its _unusual one. A . theB. anC. aD. 不填【拓展】un+adj.unhappyunfortunateuneasyunluckyunableunfriendlyunimportant13.IjustcouldntbelievemyeyeswhenIsawsomanydifferentkindsoftoiletsthere.当我看到那里有如此多不同的厕所的时候，我简直不敢相信我的眼睛。【解析】couldnt believe my eyes. 无法相信我的眼睛 （表示惊讶） 14.Italsoencouragegovernmentsandsocialgroupstothinkaboutwaystoimprovetoiletsinthefuture.（博物馆）并且鼓励政府和社会团体来考虑一下未来改进厕所的方法。【解析1】encouragesb.todosth鼓励某人做某事encouragesb.insth在某方面鼓励某人【2013辽宁鞍山3】Jessicasparentsalwaysencourageher_outheropinions.A.speakB.speakingC.tospeakD.willspeak【解析2】social社会的societyn社会socialist社会主意者socialproblem社会问题15.Itsarelaxingandpeacefulplacenearalake.它靠近湖，是一个令人放松和安静的地方。【解析2】social 社会的 society n 社会 socialist 社会主意者 social problem 社会问题【解析】peaceful adj. 和平的，安宁的【拓展】peace n 和平 peaceful adj. 和平的 peacefully adv 和平地16. The tea art performances show how to make a perfect cup of tea with beautiful tea sets. 茶艺表演展示了如何用精美的茶具冲一杯完美的茶。【解析1】performan v 表演；演出 performance n 演出；表演 musical performance 音乐演奏【解析】 perfect adj. 完美的 Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧( ) She speaks English _ than I . A. Perfect B. Perfectly C.more perfect D.more perfectly.17.Watchingthempreparetheteawiththebeautifulteasetsisjustasenjoyableasdrinkingtheteaitself.看他们用漂亮的茶具来准备茶就像喝茶本身一样让人享受。【解析1】 tea sets 茶具关于“茶” 你知多少？A. Tea sets 茶具 the tea art 茶艺 the tea art performance 茶艺表演B. Green tea 绿茶 black tea 红茶 milk tea 奶茶 Oolong tea 乌龙茶C. Make tea 泡茶 serve tea to . 给.敬茶【解析2】itself 它自己反身代词(1) 反身代词的构成一、二人称的反身代词构成:形容词性物主代词+self/selves构成单数myselfyourself复数ourselvesyourselves第三人称的反身代词构成:第三人称宾格+self/selves单数：himselfherselfitself复数：themselves(2)反身代词的常见搭配：enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagoodtimebyoneself=aloneteachoneself=learnbyoneselfhelponeselftointroduceoneselftohurtoneselfimproveoneselflookafteroneselfleavesbbyoneself把某人单独留下loseoneselfin沉迷于saytooneself自言自语foroneself为了某人自己dressoneself给某人自己穿衣服(3)反身代词必须与主语保持人称的一致。【2013黑龙江哈尔滨】Nomatterhowdifficultthingsseemtobe,youshouldsayto_“Nevermind!”Apositiveattitudeisthekeytosuccess.A.themselvesB.ourselvesC.yourselves【2013山东潍坊】ThesongIBelieveICanFlytellsusthatbelievingin_isveryimportant.A.themselvesB.itselfC.ourselvesD.yourselves【2013浙江温州】Illhaveatennisgametomorrow.Imalittlebitnervous.Believein_.Yourethebestinourclub.A.herselfB.myselfC.yourselfD.himself18.Andcollectingteasets.和收集茶具【解析】collectv收集collectionn收藏collectorn收藏家collectstamps/coins收集邮票/硬币haveacollectionofbooks收藏书【记】Heisafamous_andhehas_alotof_(collect).Tomhasbeen_stampssincehewasinGradeThree.Heisagreat_.Nowhehasagreat_ofstamps.(collect).()_you_stampssinceyouweresix?A.Did;collectB.Do;collectC.Have;collectD.Havebeencollecting19.TherearesomespecialGermanpaintingsthererightnow.现在那里正有一些特别的德国画。【解析1】German德国人（pl)Germans【解析2】right now 现在= at the moment 可用于一般现在时或现在进行时They are listening to the concert right now. 立刻；马上 Ill do it right now.【2012湖北黄冈1】 Jim, is your brother in ? No, he is reading in the library at the moment. A. right now B. at times C. right now D. at once20. 【解析】walk around 四处走动 around作介词/副词，常与下列动词搭配使用。 go around 四处走动； look around 环顾；参观 travel around 到处旅游 show sb around sp. 带领某人参观某地21.【解析】hear of 听说【拓展】listen to/hear(1)listen/listen to 听，侧重听的“过程”(2)hear 听，侧重听的“结果”( )He _but could _ nothing. A .heard ; listened B. listened; heard C. heard; heardhear sb. do sth 听见某人做某事 I often hear him sing in the room.hear sb. doing sth 听见某人正在做某事 I hear him singing in the roomhear of/about 听说 hear from =receive a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信Im sorry to hear that.听到这件事我很难过(指听到别人不幸的消息时的用语) C.I hope youll feel better soon.22.Youcantake(take)arideontheboatforseveraldaysandeatandsleeponit.你可以乘船好几天，吃饭和睡觉都在上面。【解析】 take a ride 兜风【拓展】1. take away 拿走 2. take care (=be careful=look out) 3. take (good) care of (好好)照顾，照料 4. take down 取下来 5. take out 拿出 6. take off脱下；飞机(等起飞) 7. take ones time 别着急，慢慢来 8. take ones temperature 量体温 8.take a walk散步, 9. take a rest休息一下,10. take a look看一看 23.Well,Ivealready_(be)thereacoupleoftimes,butImhappy_(go)again.嗯，我已经去过那里几次了，但我很高兴再去一次。【解析】acoupleof两个；几个acoupleof通常指同类事物中的任意两个或几个，不一定是成对的使用apairof“一双（对、副.),通常指成对使用的的东西。如一双鞋等Thereareacoupleofbedsintheroom.Thispairofshoesisabitsmallforme.Section B-self Check1. How long in China? 在中国多久了。【解析】how long 【拓展】how far 问路程 多远 how old 问年龄 多少岁 how long 问时间 多久， 多长 how often 问频率 多久一次 how much 问价格 多少 how many + n复数 多少2. For thousands of tourists from China , this small island in Southeast Asia is a wonderful and safe place to take a holiday. 对于成千上万的中国游客来说， 这个东南亚的小岛成了美妙又安全的度假胜地。【解析1】thousands of 数以千记的；许许多多的 hundred n 百 hundreds of 数以百的 thousand n 千 thousands of成千上万的million n 百万 millions of成百万的【解析2】safe adj.安全的 safety n. 安全 safely advsafety belt 安全带 safety first 安全第一Thepolicedcarriedthecryingboyto_(safe).【2013山东莱芜】Theplanelanded_(safe)yesterday.【2011浙江丽水】Everybodyshouldrememberitisnot_toswimintheriveraloneAhealthyB.safeCpossibleDcomfortable3.Ontheonehand,morethanthreequartersofthepopulationareChinese,soyoucansimplyspeakPutonghuaalotofthetime,ontheotherhand,SingaporeisanEnglish-speakingcountry,soitsalsoagoodplacetopracticeyourEnglish!一方面，华人占到了人口的四分之三还多，因此，大部分时间里你只要讲普通话就足够了。另一方面，新加坡是一个讲英语的国家，所以这里也是一个你练习英语的好地方。【解析1】on the one hand ， on the other hand 一方面， 另一方面（该短语常并列使用，用于列举原因，情况等） 【解析2】 three quarters 四分之三（分数表达法） 1).结构:a).分子用基数词,分母用序数词.分子（基数词）1分母（序数词）4=onefourth=onequarterb).当分子大于1时,分母为序数词加s.=threefourths=threequarters2).注意:分数词的几种特殊形式.1/3onethird=athird1/4onefourth=aquarter1/2onesecond=ahalf3/4threefourths=threequarters3).分数词作主语时,谓语动词根据分数词后面的名词来确定. 分数+of+ 不可数名词+动词三单形式 可数名词+动词变复数形式Twofifthsofthemilk_(be)drunkbyTom.Onethirdofthestudents_(be)girls.()Thenumberofthestudentsinourgrade_about_ofthemaregirls.A.are,sixhundredstwothirdsB.issixhundred;twothirdC.issixhundred;twothirdsD.are;sixhundred;twothird【2013黄石】Itssaidthat_ofthewateraroundtheworld_polluted.A.twothird;hasB.twothirds;haveC.twothird;areD.twothirds;is【解析3】simple仅仅；只；不过simplyadv仅仅=just/only【2012江苏扬州】You_cantimaginehowterribletheearthquakeit.(simple)4.InSingapore,however ,youllfindalotoffoodfromChina:youwonthaveanyproblemgettingrice,noodlesordumplings.然而在新加坡，你会发现很多中国食物：如果你想要米饭、面条或者饺子都没有任何问题。【解析】haveproblems/trouble/difficulty(in)doingsth做某事有困难。5.WhetheryoulikeIndiafood,WesternfoodorJapanesefood,youllfinditallinSingapore.无论你喜欢印度食物、西方食物或者日本食物，在新加坡你全部都能找到。【解析1】whether是否；不管（还是）；或者（或者），常与or连用。引导让步状语从句，从句用一般现在时。Whetheryoulikeitornot,youllhavetodoit.【解析2】Japanesen日本人；日语(pl)Japaneseadj.日本的，日语的；日本人的6.Itmightseemstrangetogotoazoowhenitsdark.天黑的时候去动物园似乎很奇怪。【解析】might可能may的过去式，表推测Hemightcometoday7.However,ifyougotoseelions,tigersorfoxesduringthedaytime,theyllprobablybeasleep!但是，如果你白天去看狮子、老虎或者狐狸，它们都可能睡着了。【解析1】fox(pl)foxesoldfoxes老狐狸；老油条【谚语】Afoxmaygrowgrey,butnevergood.江山易改本性难移【解析2】during 在期间 during prep. “在.期间”， during the concert 在音乐会期间 “during + 时间段” 与延续性动词连用表示某段时间的动作。 during the daytime = in the daytime/day 在白天解析3】sleepsleep/asleep辨析：(1)sleep=beinbedv睡觉，指睡的动作状态，(2)gettosleep=fallasleep入睡，强调进入睡眠的状态(3)gotobed上床睡觉，强调睡觉的动作。8.Alotofanimalsonlywakeupatnight,sothisisthebesttimetowatchthem.很多动物只在夜间醒来，因此这个时候是观看它们的最佳时间。【解析】（its）timetodosth到了该做某事的时候了9.Soyoucanchoosetogowheneveryoulikespring,summer,autumnorwinter.所以无论春夏秋冬，你可以选择任何你想去的时候去那里。【解析1】choosechosechosenv.“选择”choicen.“选择”Thisisacorrectchoice. choosetodosth选择做某事【解析2】whenever = no matter when任何时候10.Thisisbecausetheislandissoclosetotheequator.这是因为这个岛离赤道很近。【解析】closeadj.离.近，与.亲近的(1)v关（反）openclosedadj.关的(2)adj.密切的beclosetoaclosefriend一个亲密的朋友Myhomeisclosetotheschool.(3)adv.接近地靠近地TodayIcomeclosetobelate.【拓展】openv开openadj.开着的closev关closed关闭的【解析】 close adj. 离.近，与.亲近的Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum?一、重点短语81. at night在夜晚2. in a more natural environment在一个更加自然的环境中3. all year round一年到头;终年4. be far from 离远5. in the dark 在黑暗中6. in the past 在过去7. have been to sp. 去过某地8. science museum 科学博物馆9. history museum 历史博物馆10. amusement park 游乐园11. go somewhere different 去不同的地方12. go skating 去滑冰13. take the subway 坐地铁14. a great way to spend a Saturday afternoon 一个过周六下午的好方法15. all the old movie cameras 所有的古老的电影摄影机 16. learn about sth. 了解有关.的情况17. on the weekend 在周末18. camp in the mountains 在大山里露营 19. put up a tent搭帐篷20. in such a rapid way 以如此迅猛的方式 21. different kinds of各种各样的 22. development of toilets 厕所的发展 23.