综英4-11 The Power of a Good Name.ppt

Unit11,ThePowerofaGoodName,Book4-Unit11,TopicLessonsfromlifeGrammaticalpointsFurtherpassivestructures;infiniteasrealobjects,TeachingObjectives,Book4-Unit11,VocabularyExpressionsaboutpersonalqualities;evaluationofpersonalbehavior;cynical,abuse,bestow,weathered,disintegrate,vanish,pervasive,nothingbetterthan,givesomebodyinitiative,propel,haveastakein,keepstraight,oncreditWritingUnderstandingeducation:Whatisthebestschool?,PartIIReadingComprehension,PartIIIExtendedActivities,PartIListeningandSpeaking,Book4-Unit11,ReturntoIndex,ListeningandSpeaking,PartI,Book4-Unit11,BrainstormingListeningSpeaking,ListeningandSpeaking,Book4-Unit11,ReturntoMenu,Brainstorming,Book4-Unit11,WhatarethewordsandphrasesthatcanbeusedtodescribeAlbertEinstein,orThomasEdison?2.Ifoneisover-cleverandusesthatclevernesstogainpersonaladvantage,whataretheexpressionsyouwoulduseforthem?,Discussthefollowingquestionsinsmallgroups.,3.WhenpeoplearetalkingaboutAlbertEinsteinorthelatePremierZhouEnlai,whatarethecommonverbsandadjectivestheyuse?4.Ifyouaretalkingaboutabadperson,suchasathief,oranevilcharactersuchasHitler,whatwouldyourattitudetowardthembe?5.Goodpeoplemayhavedifferentpositivepoints.Canyouthinkofsomedifferentcharacteristicsofsuchpeople?6.Everyoneisaneducator,especiallywhenheorshebecomesaparent.Whatdoyouthinkarethemostimportantlessonsthatachildshouldlearn,andhowshouldtheylearnthem?,Book4-Unit11,Cleverness(positive)Cleverness(negative)PositiveattitudestowardotherpeopleNegativeattitudestowardsotherpeoplePositivequalitiesinapersonTeachingchildren,Workwithyourgrouptothinkofasmanywords/phrases/expressionsaspossibleregardingthefollowingtopics.,Book4-Unit11,ExpressionsofCleverness(Positive),intelligentsmartsharp（机警的）keen（灵敏的）perceptive(敏锐的)wiseunderstandingmindfulbrainybrightquick-wittedbrilliant,Whatadjectiveswillyouusetodescribesomeonecleverpositively?,Someoneis,Book4-Unit11,ExpressionsofCleverness(Negative),cunningslyartfulwilyshifty（贼眉鼠眼的）trickyscheming（诡计多端）foxycalculating,Someoneis,Whatadjectiveswillyouusetodescribesomeonenegatively?,Book4-Unit11,polite,PositiveAttitudesTowardOtherPeople,respectful,speakwellofsomeone,thinkwell/highlyof,seesomeoneinagoodlight,like/lovesomeone,holdsomeoneinesteem/inhighregards尊重某人,respect,Book4-Unit11,belittle,NegativeAttitudesTowardsOtherPeople,despise,lookdownupon,shrinkfrom因害怕而避开,abhor憎恨，厌恶,cannotbear,loathe,disparage轻视,speakofsomebodyasunimportant,Book4-Unit11,honestsinceretrustworthykind-heartedgood-natured,warm-heartedmanofintegrityabravesoulagenerousspiritacompassionatesoul,ExpressionsofPositiveQualitiesInaPerson,Book4-Unit11,teachinspirestudentstoacademicexcellenceimbuethemwithrightattitudestowardslifeinstillmoraltruthsintheirmindsdrawouttheirpotentialencouragethemtothinkstimulatethemtousetheirimaginationencouragethemtoaskquestionsteachthemthespiritoffaircompetitionteachthemhowtowin/lose,ExpressionsofTeachingChildren,Book4-Unit11,Pre-listeningDiscussionThemeaningofeducation,inabroadsense,meansprovisionofschooling,butschoolingdoesnothavetobecarriedoutliterallyinthebuildingsofaschool.Educationcanbeprovidedelsewhere.Forexample,itcanbeprovidedathome.Nowdiscussthepositiveandnegativeaspectsofhomeschooling.,Listening,Book4-Unit11,PositiveAspectsofHomeSchooling,Thehomeschoolingcurriculumcanbetailoredtotheneedsoftheindividualchild.Onetooneinstruction(individualizedinstruction)ismoreintenseandmoreeffective.Homeschoolingcanpaymoreattentiontothegrowthofthechild.Ifimplementedeffectively,homeschoolingcanensurebetterpersonaldevelopment.,Book4-Unit11,Childreninhomeschoolingcanhavemoreopportunitiestousetheirtalents.Homeschoolingcanprovideaccesstomorereallifetasks.Homeschoolingcangiveabetterteacher-learnerrelationship.Homeschoolingprovidesafriendlierenvironmentthantheinstitutionalsystem.,Book4-Unit11,NegativeAspectsofHomeSchooling,Thecurriculummaynotbecomplete.Theteachermaynotbeacademicallystrongincertainsubjects.Oneoftheparentsmayhavegivenupherorhisjob.Thechildmayhavelesscommunicationwithotherchildren.Thechildmaybelesscompetitivewhenheorsheiscocoonedinahomeenvironment.,Book4-Unit11,Thechildmaylacktheabilitytocooperatewithotherpeople.Itmaybecostlytorunaschoolathomeforoneortwochildren.Itmayresultinagreatwasteofresources.Forexample,thetextbooks,andotherequipmentmaynotbesharedbydifferentpeople.Itmaybedifficulttomaintainauniformstandardofeducationacrossaregionoracountry.,Book4-Unit11,Describetheschoolmanagementbeforethereformandwhatisbeingchangednow?WhatmadeMr.andMrs.Chendecidetoeducatetheirdaughterathome?HowdidMr.andMrs.Chenmanagetoteachtheirdaughter?Whatdotheinspectorsthinkoftheeducationthegirlisreceiving?,Listentotheradiotalkshowandanswerthefollowingquestions.(page199),ReferenceAnswers,Book4-Unit11,1.Describetheschoolmanagementbeforethereformandwhatisbeingchangednow?Beforethereform,educationwasbasicallyastate-runsystemintermsofbothcurriculumandfinance.Nowthechangeisinthedirectionofdecentralization.Thatis,bothschoolsandparentshavemoresayineducationthanbefore.Forexample,parentshavehadmorechoicewhenselectingtheirschools.Some,likeMr.andMrs.Chen,evenoptedtoteachtheirchildbythem-selves.,ReferenceAnswers,Book4-Unit11,2.WhatmadeMr.andMrs.Chendecidetoeducatetheirdaughterathome?TherewereseveralreasonswhyMr.andMrs.Chendecidedtoeducatetheirdaughterathome.First,theyhadanewunderstandingofthemeaningofeducation.Thatis,educationshouldencouragefulldevelopmentofchildrenratherthanfeedthemwithknowledgeonly.Secondly,thedecisionwascoloredbyMr.Chensownexperience.Hehadbeenunhappyatschool.Hisdaughterhappenedtofeelthesameashedidaboutschooling.Soashepromised,heoptedtousehomeeducationasanalternativetotheconventionalconceptofschooling.,Book4-Unit11,3.HowdidMr.andMrs.Chenmanagetoteachtheirdaughter?Mr.Chenchangedhisjobinordertofitinwiththeeducationinthefirstplace.Heandhiswifefollowedthepracticeoflearner-centeredphilosophyineducation.Theyonlytaughtwhatwasinterestingtoher.Forexample,thegirlwasinterestedindrama;theythentookhertothelocaltheatre,libraryandevenencouragedhertowriteandtryherowndramawork.,Book4-Unit11,4.Whatdotheinspectorsthinkoftheeducationthegirlisreceiving?Generallyspeaking,theyarequitepleased,buttheyhavesomeworriesaboutscienceeducationathome.,ListeningScript,Book4-Unit11,Task1:SchooloflifeTask2:SeeingyourfriendTask3:Discoveringyourself,Speaking,Book4-Unit11,Youmayusesomeofsentencestructureslistedonpage199inyourdiscussion.,Task1,Intheyearssincewecameintothisworld,wehavemetlotsofpeople,heardhundredsofstories,beentodifferentplacesanddoneinnumerousthings.Nowsearchyourmindforoneofthemosttouching,inspiringordefiningmomentsinyourmemory.Draftthekeypointsandshareyourstorywithyourpartner(s).Thensharewithyourclassmatessomelessonsfromlifeyouhavelearnt,andtellyourclassmateswhatyouveleantfromit,whetheryourexperienceshaveresultedinanychangesinyourlifeorbehavior.,SchoolofLife,Book4-Unit11,Task2,Peopleusuallybecomefriendsbecausetheyappreciatesomethingaboutoneanother.Whatarethethingsyoulikeaboutyourbestfriend?Peoplealsomaybecomefriendsbecausetheyaredifferentfromoneanother.Considerthefollowingquestions.,Ifyourbestfriendiscryingbecauseofthedeathofneighborspetcat,wouldyouacceptthat?Why?Ifno,whatwouldyoudo?Doyouhavedifferentattitudestoyourbestfriendoncertaintopics?Whatarethey?,ReferenceAnswers,SeeingYourFriend,Book4-Unit11,Themostimportantthingaboutfriendshipisappreciatingandrespectingeachother.Weusuallymakefriendswithsomeonebecausetheyholdhisorhercertaincharacteristicsinhighesteem.Wealsoacceptafriendbyrespectingtheirdifferences.Eventhoughwemayexpectchangesinourfriend,weusuallydonotopenlytellhimorhertodoso,unlesswegivehimorheragentlepushintheformofsincereadviceorwarninginadvance.,Book4-Unit11,Whatcanbedonetomaintainandstrengthenfriendship?Friendshipneedstobeworkedon.Friendsneedtosharejoysandsorrow.Friendsneedtocommunicatewitheachother.Friendsneedtomeetanddothingstogether.Friendsneedtohavetrustineachother.Friendsneedtoforgive.Friendsneedtohelpeachother.Friendsneedbeloyaltoeachotherrainorshine.,Book4-Unit11,Discoveringyourself,Task3,Haveyoudiscoveredyourcenter,theprimaryfocusofyourlife,yourcenterofinterest,yourpassioninlife?Discussthistopicwithyourpartner.,WHY?Whatmakesthedifference?,NOWMyinterestNow:Whatismycurrentprimaryfocusinlife?,PAST(e.g.inhighschool)Myinterestsinthepast:Whatwasmyprimaryfocusinlife?,FutureWhatismyplanfuture?,Book4-Unit11,Book4-Unit11,ReturntoMenu,PartII,ReadingComprehension,Book4-Unit11,Pre-readingTaskComprehensionWorkLanguageWork,ReadingComprehension,Book4-Unit11,ReturntoMenu,Pre-ReadingTask,Discussthefollowingquestions.,Book4-Unit11,Howtoearnagoodreputation?Howtomaintainagoodreputation?,Howtoearnagoodreputation?Suggestedpointskeeponespromiseb.behonestandtruthfulc.befaithfultoyourworkandthepeopleinyourlifed.pursueahighqualityofworkandtrytodevelopasenseofprofessionalisme.keepyourmindopentosuggestions,ideasandevencriticismsfromothersf.bepoliteandgracefulinmanaginginter-personalrelationshipsg.keepalovingspiritforthepeopleinyourlifeh.besympathetictowardsthosewhoareunderprivilegedmaintainyourdignityinthefaceofauthorityj.bemodest,Book4-Unit11,Howtomaintainagoodreputation?Suggestedpointsbeempatheticbyputtingoneselfinsomeelsesshoesb.beawareofdetailsofworkandeverydaylifec.bepersistentinworkevenwhenconfrontedwithdifficultiesd.behonestandbraveenoughtoadmityourincompetencewhenyoucannotdowhatisexpectede.keepmottoestowarnoneselfofselfishness,greediness,andotherevilsf.keeprolemodelsinmind,especiallywhenyouaretemptedbyunduedesires,Book4-Unit11,1.Whoareyourrolemodels?LeiFeng/Dr.HenryNormanBethune(白求恩)/ZhangSide(张思德)/JiaoYulu(焦裕禄)/GeorgeWashington/AbrahamLincoln/MotherTeresa/etc.,ExtraSuggestedIdeasforthePre-readingQuestions,Book4-Unit11,2.Canyouthinkofsomemottoestohighlighthonesty?Itseasyforustodoonegooddeedinourlifebutdifficulttodogooddeedsallourlife.（一个人一辈子做一件好事并不难，难的是一辈子做好事）(Chinesesaying)Donotthinkanyvirtuetrivial,andsoneglectit;donotthinkanyvicetrivial,andsopracticeit.（勿以善小而不为，勿以恶小而为之）(Confucius)Thereisnosuchthingasafreelunch.（天下没有白吃的午餐）(Anonymous),Book4-Unit11,ComprehensionWork,TextOrganizationProbetheTextEssayQuestionsDifficultSentences,Book4-Unit11,ArmstrongWilliamsBiography,Called“oneofthemostrecognizedconservativevoicesinAmerica”byTheWashingtonPost,ArmstrongWilliamsisapugnacious(好斗的),provocative（煽动性的）andprincipledvoiceforconservativeandChristianvaluesinAmericaspublicdebate.Anentrepreneurandthird-generationRepublican,ArmstrongWilliamshasbecomeamulti-mediawonder,takingstandsforwhatsrightonradioandtelevision,inprintandcyberspace.Focusingonissuessuchastheworkethic,personalresponsibility,welfarereform,affirmativeaction（平权法案）andespeciallytherestorationofmoralityintodayssociety,ArmstrongWilliamsbringsanindependentviewwitharefreshingtwisttothecentralissuesofourday.,Williamsdailytelevisionshow,TheArmstrongWilliamsShow,isbroadcastliveonAmericasVoice(formerlyNationalEmpowermentTelevision)televisionnetwork.Theprogramfeatureshumaninterestandpoliticaltopics,includinginterviewswithleadinglightsandexpertsfromacrossthepoliticalspectrum,fromGOPpresidentialcandidatesPatBuchanan,SteveForbesandJackKemp,toliberalmediafiguressuchasCrossfiresBillPressandTheWallStreetJournalsAlHunt.OnemightalsotuneinandcatchArmstrongWilliamsasaguestonanynumberofshowonnetworkslikeCNN,C-SPAN,BC,CBSandCNBC,orasaregularguestcommentatorontheFoxNetworkandAmericasBlackForum.,ArmstrongWilliamssthoughtfulbuthighly-chargedcolumn,syndicatedwiththeLosAngelesTimes,aswellasnumerousguestcolumnshaveappearedinnewspaperslargeandsmallacrossthecountry,amongthemUSAToday,TheWallStreetJournal,TheLosAngelesTimes,TheWashingtonTimes,andTheDetroitFreePress,aswellashishometownnewspaper,TheMarionStar-MullinsEnterpriseinSouthCarolina.His1995book,BeyondBlame,(publishedbySimonitcultivatedinthemagoodsenseofresponsibility;itarousedinhimastrongdesiretoconstantlyaimhighinhislifeandcareer.,TextOrganization,Book4-Unit11,Para.11-16,Para.17-22,Theauthoristalkingaboutthenecessitytorestoreasenseofshame:itcanexertthesamepositiveeffectasprideinagoodname;manywrongdoingscouldbeavoidedifyoungpeoplehadasenseofshame;politelanguageisnotonlyanexpressionofrespectforothersbutadisplayofself-respectaswell.,Inconclusion,theauthoremphasizesthefactthatheowesmuchofhissuccessincareertohisfamilysgoodname.Thefamilysgoodnamealwaysremindsoneofonesresponsi-bilitynottodamageit,thuspavingthewaytosuccessinlifeandcareer.,Book4-Unit11,1.Whydidthewritersaythattoaskforcreditatthestorewasadamperonhisspirit?Asayoungmanofsixteen,heneededrespect,notcharity.Askingforcreditatastoreisahumiliatingexperiencelikeaskingforfavorandpityfromtheownerofthestore.Inaddition,racismmadethesituationworse.Blackyouthswerewatchedlikethievesinthestore.,ProbetheText,Book4-Unit11,2.Whydidthestoreownertrustthewriter?Howdidthewriterfeelaboutthetrust?Thestoreowneragreedtoputhimoncreditwithouthesitation.Hetrustedtheboysfatherwhoalwayskepthiswordandneverfailedtopaybackthemoneyheowed.Thismadehimfeelveryproudofhisfatherandhisfamilysgoodreputation.,Book4-Unit11,3.Whatischildrensresponsibilityinrelationtothegoodnameoftheirfamily?Accordingtothewriter,children,whileenjoyingtheirfamilysgoodname,havetheresponsibilitytomaintainit.Compromisingitwouldhurtnotonlythetransgressor,butalsothosetheyloveandthosewholovethem.,Book4-Unit11,4.Howdidthefamilygoodnamehelpthewriterinlife?First,thegoodnamemakeshimdecidetobecomeabetterpersonthanheotherwisemightbeandeventuallybecomeadecentcitizen.Second,thedesiretokeepthegoodnamepropelledhimtobethefirstonetogotouniversity.Finally,thegoodnamegavehimtheinitiativetoestablishhimselfinthepublicrelationsbusiness.,Book4-Unit11,5.WhatpointdoesthewriterwanttomakeinthediscussionofthesocialproblemsintheU.S.A.?Thepointthewriterwantstomakeisthatmanyofthesocialproblemstodayresultfromthelackofasenseofprideinhavinggoodreputationandnosenseofshameforbadreputations.Parentswhodontcareaboutkeepingagoodreputationandhavenosenseofshamewhentheyfailtosetgoodexamplesfortheirchildren;norcantheyprovidechildrenwiththekindofsecurityandguidancetheyneed.Consequently,manyofthesechildrengrowupwithoutasenseofshameeither.Theyworshipviolence,whichisrespectfullyportrayedonTVandinmovies.Asfamiliesdisintegrate,communitiesfallapartandcrimerises.,Book4-Unit11,6.Whatdoesthewriterhopetoprovewiththedescriptionofhisfatherslastmonths?Thewriterwantstoprovethatkeepingagoodreputationisrewardednotonlybyoutsidersesteem,butalsobythetrustplacedinyoubythosewhoknowyoubest.,Book4-Unit11,Insocietysomepeoplelacksenseofconscience,socialdignity,andshame.Haveyouobservedanycasesofdishonestyandshamelessness?Workingroupstodescribeyourobservations.,EssayQuestions,Book4-Unit11,那时我16岁，最喜欢的事莫过于驾驶我们的雪佛兰牌小皮卡车去做事。可是这次我却打不起精神来，因为爸爸在没办法的情况下让我不得不去商店赊欠购物。,1.At16,IlikednothingbetterthangettingbehindthewheelofourChevypickup,butthistimetherewasadamperonmyspirit.MyfatherhadtoldmeIdhavetoaskforcreditatthestore.,comparativedegreeinstructure,superlativedegreeinmeaning,drivingoursmallChevytruck,Theboyhadtoaskthestoreownertolethimhavethegoodsnowbutpaylater,sincehisfathergavehimnomoney.,somethingthatmakesmelowinspirits.damper:aperson,orthing,orsituationthatgetspeopledown,DifficultSentences,Book4-Unit11,racism=racialdiscriminationsexism=sexualdiscriminationfeminism女权主义nationalism民族主义localism地方主义,2.Idseenmyfriendsaskforcreditandthenstand,headdown,whileapatronizingstoreownerquestionedwhethertheywere“goodforit.”,acolloquialismmeaningbeingtrustworthy,我曾见过我的朋友想通过赊欠购物，当俨然以恩人自居而傲慢的店主问到他们是否能按时偿还时，他们低下了头，无精打采地站在那儿。,theownershowingcondescendingattitudeto(theteenagerswhoaskedforcredit),Book4-Unit11,farmervs.peasant,FarmerDefinition：apersonwhooperatesafarmSocialstatus:citizenwithequalcitizenrightsakindofvocationExtendedmeaning:developedcountriesPeasantDefinition：acountryperson,oneofaclassofagriculturallaborersSocialstatus:thelowersocialclassofpoor,humblepeopleakindofsocialidentityExtendedmeaning:crude,ill-bred,lackofculture,inferior,bumpkinpoor,developingcountriesNotes:农民工,3.Buckwasatall,weatheredmaninaredhuntingshirtandkhakipants.,Themansfacewaswrinkledbyconstantexposuretotheweather.,培克个子高高的，饱经风霜的脸上布满了皱纹，穿着一件红色打猎衫和卡其布牛仔裤。,Book4-Unit11,晒干，风化rocksweather2.平安渡过;挨过Thecountryhadweatheredaseriouscrisis.3.weathered:adj.风化的，饱经沧桑的=weather-beaten,weatherwornseasoned:adj.成熟，老练的,cynic:n.愤世嫉俗者,讽世者cynical:adj.怀疑的,愤世嫉俗的,Hescynicalabouthermotives.他怀疑她的动机。Sheisgettingmorecynicalaboutlife.她变得对生活更加愤世嫉俗。愤青angry/cynicalyouth,4.ThatdayIdiscoveredthatagoodnamecouldbestowacapitalofgoodwillofimmensevalue.,Agoodnamegivesoneagreatdealofgoodwillofgreatvalue.,就在那天，我发现好名声能产生巨大价值的精神财富。,Book4-Unit11,bestow=give,presentbestowsth.on/uponsb.e.g.Manybookswerebestowedonher.Ihardlydeservethepraisesthatwerebestoweduponme.我当不起这样的称赞。,compromise:amidwaybetweentwoextremes,1.妥协，折中cometoacompromise达成妥协Theycompromisedbygoingtothecinema.2.连累，危害=damageSuchconductwillcompromiseyourreputation.,transgress：v.disobey,infringe,overstep超越，违反，违背transgressor:n.违反者，犯规者Youtransgressedagainstthelaw.Hisbehaviortransgressedtheunwrittenrulesofsocialconduct.他的行为违反了不成文的社交规范。词根：gress=go，walk行走progresspro-向前，gress行走前进，进步retrogressretro-向后，gress行走后退，退步，退化congresscon-共同，一起，gress走，来到;大家走到一起来”共聚一堂开会会议(代表)大会，国会，议会aggressag-=at，to向，gress走;走向”来到副近闯来进攻略，侵入，攻击transgresstrans超过，gress行走超过(限度、范围等)，越界，违反，犯法,haveastakein有利害关系,Eachofushasastakeinthefutureofourcountry.ChinaandtheUSApel:push,motivate,stimulate推进，推动，驱使Hisaddictiontodrugspropelledhimtowardsalifeofcrime.apersonpropelledbyambition一个为野心所驱策的人,initiative：actiontakentoresolveadifficultycapacity主动性,自发性,积极性,dosth.ononesowninitiative主动的,自发的,积极的taketheinitiativeindoingsth带头,倡导,发起havetheinitiativetodosth.有的积极性givesb.theinitiativetodosth.给某人做某事的动力Charlesisshyanddoesnottaketheinitiativeinmakingacquaintances.查尔斯怕羞,不会主动结交朋友。Hedidnothavetheinitiativetostarthisownbusiness.他没有自行开业的积极性。,restore：returntoitsoriginalorusableandfunctioningcondition恢复，修复,Synonyms：修理：mend,fix,repairrestoreabuilding修复一座建筑物restoretheoldpainting修复古画torestorelawandorder恢复治安restorethebooktotheshelf把书放回书架restoresb.tolife使某人苏醒,Ifprideinagoodnamekeepsfamiliesandneighborhoodsstraight,asenseofshameisthereversesideoftha