初中英语国际标准音标练习

初中英语国际标准音标练习元音(20个)单元音12个前元音(4个)i:ie 后元音(5个):u:u中元音(3个):双元音8个 合口双元音(5个)eiuaiaui集中双元音(3个)iu辅音(28个)清辅音(11个)ptkfsttrtsh浊辅音(17个)bdgvzddrdzlmnjwr/i:/bee/bi:/feet/fi:t/keep/ki:p/key/ki:/team/ti:m/meet/mi:t/i/it/it/big/big/city/siti/give/giv/sick/sik/e/get/get/best/best/text/tekst/help/help/fat/ft/have/hv/cat/kt/back/bk/hat/ht/a:/laugh/la:f/glass/gla:s/half/ha:f/farm/fa:m/park/pa:k/:/horse/h:s/saw/s:/corn/k:n/course/k:s/salt/s:t/dog/dg/pot/pt/cost/kst/what/wt/honest/nist/u:/food/fu:d/moon/mu:n/rule/ru:l/loose/lu:s/noon/nu:n/u/book/buk/put/put/good/gud/would/wud/could/kud/must/mst/does/dz/money/mni/ugly/gli/come/km/:/nurse/n:s/bird/b:d/burn/b:n/turn/t:n/girl/g:l/better/bet/never/nev/worker/w:k/welcome/welkm/ei/may/mei/name/neim/game/geim/eight/eit/age/eid/u/no/nu/home/hum/hope/hup/wrote/rut/note/nut/pose/puz/ai/eye/ai/time/taim/buy/bai/right/rait/bike/baik/kite/kait/au/now/nau/out/aut/how/hau/about/baut/south/sau/house/haus/i/boy/bi/toy/ti/noise/niz/voice/vis/point/pint/coin/kin/i/ear/i/near/ni/idea/aidi/hear/hi/mere/mi/spear/spi/air/tear/t/care/k/dare/d/fair/f/there/u/tour/tu/poor/pu/sure/u/moor/mu/(停泊)your/ju/p/pea/pi:/pie/pai/top/tp/cap/kp/people/pi:pl/pride/praid/b/bee/bi:/by/bai/buy/bai/black/blk/bear/b/t/let/let/sat/st/feet/fi:t/team/ti:m/tide/taid/d/led/led/sad/sd/feed/fi:d/do/du:/dear/di/k/lack/lk/take/teik/clock/klk/class/kla:s/weekend/wi:kend/g/big/big/lag/lg/glass/gla:s/gum/gm/good/gud/guest/gest/f/face/feis/fast/fa:st/leaf/li:f/surf/s:f/favorite/feivrit/v/very/veri/five/faiv/fever/fi:v/serve/s:v/never/nev/bath/ba:/(v洗澡)thick/ik/mouth/mau/breath/bre/(n呼吸)thought/:t/author/truth/tru:/the/they/ei/that/t/mother/m/thus/s/then/en/s/face/feis/mouse/maus/cakes/keiks/caps/kps/likes/laiks/stops/stps/z/close/kluz/keys/ki:z/boys/biz/pens/penz/halves/ha:vz/t/catch/kt/cheep/ti:p/rich/rit/watch/wt/child/taild/question/kwestn/teach/ti:t/challenge/tlind/d/orange/rid/large/la:d/juice/du:s/job/db/tr/tree/tri:/try/trai/true/tru:/trouble/traubl/track/trk/dr/dry/drai/dream/dri:m/dress/dres/drink/drik/hundred/hndrid/she/i:/sharp/a:p/fish/fi/shock/k/shoe/u:/pleasure/ple/measure/me/television/telivin/ts/lets/lets/sports/sp:ts/puts/puts/writes/raits/seats/si:ts/dz/hands/hndz/birds/b:dz/friends/freindz/beds/bedz/stands/stndz/h/he/hi:/hard/ha:d/him/him/heard/h:d/half/ha:f/l/like/laik/late/leit/learn/l:n/lead/li:d/light/lait/m/my/mai/more/m:/seem/si:m/meat/mi:t/mind/maind/men/men/n/nice/nais/wind/waind/mind/maind/rain/rein/fine/fain/sing/si/wing/wi/ring/ri/long/l/beautiful/bju:tfl/j/you/ju:/few/fju:/yard/ja:d/music/mju:zik/student/stju:dnt/excuse/ikskju:z/w/work/w:k/way/wei/well/wel/what/wt/twelve/twelv/twin/twin/r/red/red/road/rud/write/rait/wrong/r/problem/prblm/音标综合练习1./i:/i/e/bit/wi:k/di:l/ril/kid/dig/kwik/tip/zip/rid/wil/fil/bitweekdealrealkiddigquicktipzipridwillfill/pet/pk/gp/kg/ng/rm/btl/sed/hpi/ten/red/petpackgapcapnagrambattlesaidhappytenred/setl/tr/dipend/settletrashdepend2./a:/:/u:/u/a:sk/ma:sk/pa:st/fra:ns/d/l:n/n:t/p:z/fks/sk/askmaskpastFranceoddlawnnaughtpausefoxsock/fa:/la:d/ma:k/l:d/t:/st:m/pt/krp/t/prmis/farlargemarkLordtorchstormpotcropthoughtpromise/huk/lu:s/sut/tuk/mud/ru:/pul/wud/hookloosesoottookmoodthroughpullwood3./bz/dl/hri/glf/trbl/:n/s:f/t:n/beg/tk/bussdullhurrygulftroubleearnsurfturnerbeggertuck/k:b/:k/merik/sk/kmp/svei/pveid/phps/curbirkAmericasoccercampersurveypervadeperhaps/b:lesk/m:d/burlesquemurder3./ei/u/ai/au/i/keip/greit/mein/prpuz/mun/stun/uv/sait/kapegreatmainproposemotionstoneoversight/raim/daut/taipist/aust/mist/ist/rhymedoubttypistoustmoistoyster4./i/u/vi/f/d/sk/bun/gud/rurl/pi/klmbi/veeraffairdarescarebourngourdruralappearColombia5./mn/i:f/t/n/fei/tge/k/mselvz/monththiefthatthanfaithtogetherthankthemselves元音音素：/i:/【衣发长点】/I/【衣急促地发声】/e/【哎发这个音的时候不要把“哎”的给读出来，嘴唇放松自然地读】/【哎发这个音的时候不要把“哎”的给读出来，嘴唇扁平地发】/:/【额发长音】/【额发短音】/【阿嘴巴微微地张开发出这个音就可以了】/a:/【啊嘴巴长到最大】/【哦急促】/:/【哦声音拖长】/u/【乌急促】/u:/【乌声音拖长】/ei/【有点像答应人的“诶”的声音】/ai/【唉】/i/【哦喂连着读】/u/【呕】/au/【傲】/i/【衣饿连着读】/【哎饿连着读】/u/【乌饿连着读】辅音音素：/p/【普不要把给发出来，轻音】/b/【不不要把给发出来，浊音】/t/【特不要把给发出来，轻音】/d/【得不要把给发出来，浊音】/k/【克不要把给发出来，轻音】/g/【各不要把给发出来，浊音】/f/【福不要把给发出来，轻音】/v/【有点像摩托车启动的声音，“呜呜呜”地，但是是像发“vvv”一样，不要把给发出来，浊音】/s/【丝像蛇吐芯子发出的那种声音，不要把给读出来，轻音】/z/【就是/s/的浊音】/【牙齿咬住舌头的轻音】/【牙齿咬住舌头的浊音】/【西不要把给发出来，轻音】/【衣不要把给发出来，浊音】/h/【喝不要把给发出来，轻音】/r/【若不要把u给发出来，浊音】/t/【七不要把给发出来，轻音】/d/【姬不要把给发出来，浊音】/tr/【缺不要把u给发出来，轻音】/dr/【撅不要把u给发出来，浊音】/ts/【次不要把给发出来，轻音】/dz/【自不要把给发出来，浊音】/m/【嘴巴闭住，然后发音，气流从鼻子出来，浊音】/n/【嘴巴微张，舌尖顶住上颚，气流从鼻子出来而不是从嘴巴出来，浊音】/【嘴巴长大，舌头向下弯曲，气流从鼻子出来而不是从嘴巴出来，浊音】/l/【有两个读音。一是放在音标结尾发呕，浊音；而是放在音标中发了，浊音】/w/【我不要把给发出来，浊音】/j/【呀不要把给发出来，浊音】所谓浊音，就是声带要振动的音；轻音就是发出了但声带却不振动的音所有的元音都是浊音，声带都要振动。1关于语音的几个概念1)字母：语言的书写形式。元音字母a,e,i(y),o,u,2)音标：词的语音形式。3)音素：音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。4)音节：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。apple,student,teacher,understand5)元音：发音响亮，是乐音；口腔中气流不收阻碍；是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20元音。6)辅音：发音不响亮，是噪音；口腔中气流受到阻碍；不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28辅音。7)开音节：a)辅音+元音+辅音+enamebike;b)辅音+元音he,go,hi8)闭音节：a)辅音+元音+辅音bad,bed,sit,hot,cup;b)元音+辅音it9)重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。2.元音：(注意：下面空方括号是电脑无法输入的音标)1)i:sea,he,see,piece,ceiling2)isit,build,miss,myth3)ebed,desk,head,4)bad,land,bank,stamp5)a:car,fast,class,plant,calm,aunt6)hot,want7):door,more,sport,ball,warm,author,court,bought,caught8)u:good,who,blue,soup,9)ulook,put,women,could10)cup,come,blood,rough5.容易混淆的辅音1)vwvetwet;vestwest;vinewine;verywell2)ssinkthink;sortthought;missmyth;massmath3)zclosingclothing;breezebreathe;baysbathes4)nthinthing;sinsing;banbangwinwing;ranrang6.读音规则1)重读音节(见元音和辅音的例句)2)非重读音节banana,student,today,after,iorange,secret,evening,very,Monday7.特殊读音1)音的连读：notatall,halfanhour,Iloveyouandall.afterall2)失去爆破：goodgirl,goodstudent,goodjob,expression,school,extreme3)音的同化：thisyear,Wouldyoudoit?Cantyouseeit?8.重音1)单词重音A)双音节词a)一般在第一个音节重读。letter,sorryb)有a-,be-,de-,re-,res-,in-,im-,en-,em-,es-,ex-,con-,com-,dis-,mis-,pre-,per-,pro-,trans-等前缀的词，第二个音节是重音。about,believe,address,decide,report,condemn,respect,compare,inform,discuss,impress,mistake,enforce,prepare,employ,permit,escape,produce,exclaim,translatec)有de-,in-,re-,con-,pre-等前缀的重音与词义和词类有关,一般名词的重音在第一个音节上，其它的词性在第二个音节上。record,record;insult,insult;conduct,conduct;presentpresent;content,contentd)有些复合词和带有前缀re-,ex-,un-,pre-,post-,等的词，有两个重音。outside,retell,well-known,unreal,fifteen,Chinese,pre-war,post-warB)多音节词a)一般倒数第三个音节是重音。difficult,communist,family,economy,opportunity,democracy.b)有一些双音节词，加了前缀和后缀成了多音节，但这些词按原来词根的重音读音。carefully,indefinite,comfortable,conductor,according,disturbance,complicated,establishment,c)词尾有-eous,-grahpy,-ial,-ian,-ic,-ics,-ience,ient,-ify,-ion,-ious,-ity,ive后缀的词，重音在这些后缀的前一个音节上。courteous,calligraphy,editorial,historian,periodic,mathematics,experience,sufficient,identify,translation,religious,curiosity,protectived)词尾有-ain,-ee,-eer,-ese,-ette后缀的词，重音在该后缀上，而且有一个次重音。entertain,employee,mountaineer,Japanese,cigarette2)句子重音A)英语的节奏：（轻）-轻-重-轻-（轻）或重-轻-（轻）（轻）重B)英语句子的长短：是由句子中的重读词的数目决定的，而不是象汉语那样由句子中的汉字数目决定的。C)实词重读（副词重读），虚词轻读(冠词，单音节介词，单音节连词，人称代词，反代词，物主代词，关系代词，相互代词，助动词，情态动词和系动词be.D)实词不重读的特殊情况a)实词第二次出现Hethinksofthatasachildthinks.b)一个名词被第二个名词修饰Imetherintherailwaystation.c)代替词Whichbookdoyouwant?Thesmallone.d)感叹词中的what和howWhatagooddayitis!Howbeautifulsheis!e)street在专有名词中WangfujingStreet.f)this在这些短语中，thismorning/afternoon/eveningE)虚词重读的特殊情况a)情态动词，助动词和系动词be在句首，句尾和否定时。Doyoulikeit?Yes,Ido.Areyouadoctor?Yes,Iam.Canyouhelpme?Yes,Ican.Idontlikeyou.Heisntaworker.b)情态动词表示可能，惊奇和肯定时。Theymaycomethisevening.Canitbefivealready?Hemustbeintheroom.c)介词在句首和句尾。Inthebox,hefoundaletter.HeisthepersonItalkedwith.d)引导复合句的连词在句首。Ifyouwish,Illvisityou.Whenhecomes,Illtellhim.e)反身代词表示强调。Hecouldntcomehimself.英语发音连读的规则连读的条件：相邻的两词在意义上必须密切相关，同属一个意群。连读所构成的音节一般都不重读，只需顺其自然地一带而过，不可读得太重，也不可音。(连读符号：)(1)“辅音+元音”型连读在同一个意群里，如果相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这就要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。ImanEnglishboy.Itisanoldbook.Letmehavealookatit.MsBlackworkedinanofficelastyesterday.Icalledyouhalfanhourago.Putiton,please.Notatall.Pleasepickitup.(2)“r/re+元音”型连读如果前一个词是以-r或者-re结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这时的r或re不但要发/r/，而且还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。Theyremyfatherandmother.Ilookedforithereandthere.Thereisafootballunderit.Therearesomebooksonthedesk.Hereisaletterforyou.Herearefoureggs.Butwhereismycup?Whereareyourbrotherandsister?但是，如果一个音节的前后都有字母r，即使后面的词以元音开头，也不能连读。Theblackcloudsarecomingnearerandnearer.（nearer与and不可连读）(3)“辅音+半元音”型连读英语语音中的/j/和/w/是半元音，如果前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以半元音，特别是/j/开头，此时也要连读。Thankyou.Nicetomeetyou.Didyougettherelateagain?Wouldyoulikeacupoftea？Couldyouhelpme,please?“音的同化”常把/d/+/j/读成/dV/，didyou听上成了/dIdVu/，wouldyou成了/wudVu/，couldyou成了/kudVu/。(4)“元音+元音”型连读如果前一个词以元音结尾，后一个词以元音开头，这两个音往往也要自然而不间断地连读到一起。IamChinese.Heisveryfriendlytome.ShewantstostudyEnglish.Howandwhydidyoucomehere?Shecantcarryit.Itlltakeyouthreehourstowalkthere.Thequestionistooeasyforhimtoanswer.(5)当短语或从句之间按意群进行停顿时，意群与意群之间即使有两个相邻的辅音与元音出现，也不可连读。Isitahatoracat?（hat与or之间不可以连读）Thereisagoodbookinmydesk.（book与in之间不可以连读）CanyouspeakEnglishorFrench?（English与or之间不可以连读）Shallwemeetateightortentomorrowmorning?（meet与at，eight与or之间不可以连读）Sheopenedthedoorandwalkedin.（door与and之间不可以连读）失去爆破6个爆破音有3对/p/，/b/，/t/，/d/，/k/，/g/失去爆破，又叫不完全爆破，就是在某些情况下，只须做出发音的准备，但并不发音，稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。(1)“爆破音+爆破音”型6个爆破音中的任意2个相临时，前一个爆破音会失去爆破，即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势，稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。Thegirlinthere(d)coatwasonabla(ck)bikejus(t)now.Thebi(g)busfromthefa(c)toryisfullofpeople.Wha(t)timedoeshegetupeverymorning?Thisisanol(d)pi(c)tureofabi(g)car.Theol(d)do(c)torhasaca(t),too.Weregoingtoworkonafarmnex(t)Tuesday.Whatwouldyoulike,ho(t)teaorbla(ck)coffee?Itsa