全英文心衰PPT课件

,Heartfailure,WhatIsHeartFailure?,Lesspumpingpower,Slowerflowrateofblood,Higherpressureofchamber,Theheartcantprovidebodyenoughblood,Causes,Coronaryarterydisease,Coronaryarterydisease,Heartattack,Cardio-myopathy,Over-burdened,CardiachypertrophyCompliancedecrease,Compensa-tionreaction,Frank-Starlingmechanism,CompensatorymechanismofNeurohumor,Compensationreaction,TypesOfHeartFailure,Systolicdysfunction,Whentheheartmuscledoesntcontractwithenoughforce,thereislessoxygen-richbloodthatispumpedthroughoutthebody,Diastolicdysfunction,Theheartcontractsnormally,buttheventricle-themainpumpingchamber-doesnotrelaxproperly,reducingtheamountofbloodthatcanentertheheartandraisingbloodpressureinthelungs.,AHA/ACCGuidelines,StageA,AthighriskforHFbutwithoutstructuralheartdiseaseorsymptomsofHF,StageB,StructuralheartdiseasebutwithoutsignsorsymptomsofHF,StageC,StructuralheartdiseasewithpriororcurrentsymptomsofHF,StageD,RefractoryHFrequiringspecializedinterven-tions,StagesofHeartFailure,ClassI,Nolimitationduringordinaryactivity,ClassII,Slightlimitationbyshortnessofbreathfatigueduringmoderateexertionorstress,ClassIII,Symptomswithminimalexertionthatinterferewithnormaldailyactivity,ClassIV,Inabilitytocarryoutanyphysicalactivity,Symptoms,Symtoms,Congestedlungs,Fluidandwaterretention,Dizzinessfatigueweakness,Rapidorirregularheartbeats,Diagnosis,Diagnosis,Medicalhistory,SymptomsPhysicalexams,Assistantexamina-tion,Heartfailure,Diabeteskidneydiseaseanginahighbloodpressureheartproblems,Smoke,Drinkalcoholandhowmuchyoudrink,medications,Medicalhistory,Bloodtests,BNP,ChestX-ray,Echocardiogram,EF,EKG,Stresstest,Cardiaccatheterization,coronaryangiogram,CardiacMRI,AssistantExaminations,BNP,BNPisasubstancesecretedfromtheheartinresponsetochangesinpressurethatoccurwhenheartfailuredevelopsandworsens.ThelevelofBNPinthebloodincreaseswhenheartfailuresymptomsworsen,anddecreaseswhentheheartfailureconditionisstable.TheBNPlevelinapersonwithheartfailure-evensomeonewhoseconditionisstable-ishigherthaninapersonwithnormalheartfunction.,EF,AnormalEFisgenerallybetween55%and75%,whichmeansthatoverhalfofthebloodvolumeispumpedoutoftheheartwitheachbeat.HeartfailuremayoccurastheresultofalowEF(calledsystolicheartfailure),orfromanothercause,suchasavalvedisorderorfromdiastolicdysfunction.PeoplewithdiastolicdysfunctioncanhaveanormalEF.,Treatment,Goodlifestylereasonabledietaryhabit,Medications,Surgicalprocedures,Topreventyourheartfailurefromworsening,Commontypesofdrugsusedtotreatheartfailureinclude:Angiotensinconvertingenzyme(ACE)inhibitorsAngiotensinIIreceptorblockers(ARBs)Beta-blockersDigoxinDiureticsBloodvesseldilatorsPotassiumormagnesiumAldactoneInhibitorsCalciumchannelblockersHeartpumpmedication,Medication,SurgicalProcedures,Hearttrans-plant,Bypasssurgery,Hea