英文否定前缀PPT课件

.,1,否定前缀,Prefixesindicatingnegation,.,2,否定前缀：在单词的词首加上一个表示相反含义的词缀。常见否定前缀：dis-;il-,im-,in-,ir-;un-;non-;mis-等；否定前缀翻译：“非”、“无”、“不（是）”、“未”等。,.,3,1.dis-常加在名、形、动之前。如：,disagree(ment)(分歧；不赞同)discouragevt.使气馁disagreeableadj.不愉快的disadvantage(不利条件；缺点)disorder无秩序disappear(v.消失)discomfort（n.不舒适vt.使不舒适）dishonest(adj.不诚实的)dislike(v.不喜欢)但unlikeprep不像dissatisfactoryadj.不令人满意的但un/dissatisfieddiscovervt发现但uncover揭露，暴露,.,4,2.in-;il-,im-,ir-(in-在辅音n,l,m,p,r前要变体)加在形容词、名词、副词上,inexpensivein/unequal不平等的incorrectinvalid无效的indifferent冷漠的inaccurate不准确的inactive，indirectinvisible,incredible，incurable,.,5,a.im-常加在以字母m-,p-开头的形容词之前：,impossible(不可能的)impolite(无礼的；粗鲁的)impatientimbalanced（adj.不平衡的）但：unparallel不平行的unpleasantunpopularnonpoisonous无毒的,.,6,b.il-,ir-加在l和r开头的形容词之前,illegal（非法的)illogical（不合逻辑的）irregular（不规则）irresponsibleirrelevantilliterate不识字的irrelative无关的,但：unreasonable不合理的，不公道的,.,7,3.un-加在形容词、副词、名词及用于作形容词的分词上,unhappiness不幸福unusual不寻常的；罕见的unimportant不重要的unfriendly不友好的uncomfortable不舒服的但discomfortn/vtunsafe不安全的unwelcome不受欢迎的uncommon不常见的unaware没意识到的,不舒适；使不舒服,.,8,unhealthy(不健康的；不益于健康的)unable(无能的；不会的)但:disability残疾unfair(不公平的；不公正的)unfamiliar(不熟悉的；没有经验的)unnecessary(不必要的)unfortunate(不幸的)但misfortune灾难，厄运unreal不真实uncertainunforgettableunfitun/inequal不平等的,.,9,un-用于动词之前表示做相反的动作,lockv.锁,锁上unlockvt.开.锁covervt.覆盖uncovervt.揭开,揭露foldv.折叠unfoldv.打开dressv.穿衣undressvt.使脱衣服loadv.装载unloadv.卸货,.,10,un-未（主要用于过去分词之前）,unexpected未预料到）unlocked未上锁的uneducated未受教育的undecided未决定的unfinished未完成的uncrowded不拥挤的undoubted无疑的unmarried未结婚的,.,11,4.non-加在名、形、副或作形容词的分词前，表“无，抗，防，非，没”之意,nonsense（n.胡说、废话）non-violent（adj.非暴力的)nonpoisonous无毒的nonexistent不存在的nonsmoking不准吸烟的nonstopa.直达的,.,12,5.ab-,ab-加在词根前，表示相反，离去”如：abnormal（ab+normal正常的）反常的abuse滥用、错误使用、虐待,.,13,6.mis加在动词、名词之前,misunderstand误解misjudge误判misleading误导misfortune不幸,.,14,Exx:根据语境，用所给词的否定形式填空1Itis_(legal)todriveafterdrinkingalcohol.酒后开车不合法。2_(lead)advertisementsarenotallowedbylaw.误导的广告为法律所不允许。3Itis_(reasonable)tosticktothisabsurdproposal.坚持这种荒谬的建议是不合理的。4Thereexiststhe_(balance)betweentherichandpoorcountries.富国与穷国之间存在着不平衡。5.Thegovernment_(close)thatanotherambassadorhadbeenarrestedforspying.政府公开另一个外交大使园间谍罪被逮捕。,illegal,Misleading,irresponsible,imbalanced,disclosed,.,15,6Hisidentityis_(know)toussowehavetoconfirm.他的身份为我们所不知，所以我们得证实。7Heseemstobe_(aware)ofthetroubleheismaking.他似乎不知道他正造成的麻烦。8Jimis_(patient)withhislittlesisterwhoissonoisy.吉姆对他吵闹的小妹妹不耐烦。9The_(expect)deathofhersonmadeheisad.她儿子意外的死亡使她伤心。10.Herillnesshadmadehercompletely_(mobile)她的病使得她完全不能活动了。,unknown,unaware,impatient,unexpected,immobile,.,16,11Runningabusinesswithoutabudget(预算)is_(practical)经营生意而没有预算是不实际的。12Thebrightdressis_(proper)forafuneral.鲜艳的衣服对葬礼来说不合适。13Studentsgeta_(count)of25%onplanetickets.学生享有25%的机票折扣。14Thewateris_(fit)fordrinkingandyouhavetogowithoutwater.这水不适宜饮用，你只能不喝水了。15.Youmustbe_(literate)ifyouhavenotheardofShakespeare.如果你没听说过莎士比亚，那你一定是文盲的。,impractical,improper,discount,unfit,illiterate,.,17,16He_(like)wearingatie，soyouwillneverseehimintie.17_(amaze/surprise),heshouldlosehistemperinpublic.18_(expect),theinjuredathletecamefirstinthe100meterdash.19Themother_(dress)herbabyandgaveitabath.20.Thisdelaywas_(avoidable)sowehadtobepatient.延迟不可避免,所以我们得耐心,dislikes,Amazingly,Unexpectedly,undressed,unavoidably,.,18,21Hisincomeis_(adequate)tomeethisbasicneedsandhehastofindanotherjob.他的收入不足以满足基本要求，他得再找份工作。22.Its_(honesty)tolieaboutonesage.谎报自己的年龄是不诚实的。23Theinjuredmanwas_(capable)ofwalking,sohehadtobecarried.那个受伤的人不能走路，所以他