英文跨文化交际PPT课件

18.05.2020,.,1,Chapter5,SocialInteraction,18.05.2020,.,2,RolebehaviorexpectedofsomeonewhoholdsaparticularstatusRolesetanumberofrolesattachedtoasinglestatus,18.05.2020,.,3,Bytheendofthischapter,youshouldbeableto:,1.haveabetterunderstandingoftheconventionsandexpectationsofdifferentculturesinareassuchas:FormsofaddressGreetingsFarewellsComplimentingandrespondingInvitingPayingforamealShowinghospitalityDisagreeing,etc.,18.05.2020,.,4,2.bemoreawareofyourownbehaviorpatternsandhowtheyareshapedbyChineseculture.3.knowhowtoavoidorlessenmisunderstandingininterculturalcommunicationandbeabletoconveyyourideasmoresuccessfully.,18.05.2020,.,5,A.TheyoungladyMarilyninAmericaaddresseshermother-in-lawbyherfirstname,Ellen.Howdoyouaccountforthis?CouldthesamethinghappeninChina?Why?B.InChinaweaddressastrangerwithanadvancedageGrandpaorGrandma.Whydowedososincethatstrangerisnotconnectedtousbyblood?HowdoesthissoundtoanEnglishear?C.WeChineseroutinelyusemanyposition-linkedoroccupation-linkedtitlestoaddresspeople,suchaswangjinling(王经理),majuzhang(马局长),zhangzhuren(张主任),liyisheng(李医生),etc.DoAmericanshavesimilarcustoms?,Activity1Formsofaddress,18.05.2020,.,6,Casestudy,ASituation:WhattosayE.G.AconversationbetweenSusanandMrs.Zhang,hermother-in-law,attheairportwhenleavingChina.Thehusbandisinterpretingforthem.,18.05.2020,.,7,Susan:Mrs.Zhang,cometoNewYorkifyouwant.Husbandstranslation:妈妈，您可一定要来纽约看看。Mother:不去了，给你们添麻烦。Husbandstranslation:Oh,itdependsonthephysicalcondition.Susan:Yes,ohthanksforyourdeliciousfood,Ilikethemverymuch.Husbandstranslation:谢谢妈妈给我们做了那么多好吃的。Mother:自家人谢什么，苏珊，你以后可不要再减肥了，身体健康才最重要哪！Husbandstranslation:Itsmypleasure,Susan,Ihopeyoubecomeevenmorebeautiful.Susan:Thankyou!Thesametoyou.Husbandstranslation:谢谢妈妈，我祝您身体健康。Mother:谢谢，谢谢。,18.05.2020,.,8,Doctor,Professor,Judge,Preseident,Senator,Governer,Mayor,Colonel,Captain,etc.,Activity1Formsofaddress,18.05.2020,.,9,Workinpairs.ListsomecommonformsofgreetingamongtheEnglish-speakingpeopleandChinesepeople.thentrytospotsomedifferences,ifthereareany.Chinesecultureisrelation-oriented.Maintainingorpromotingrelationcallsforsomethinginterpersonal,soitisquiteacceptableinChinatogreeteachotherbyaskingprivatequestions,whileEnglishpeoplehaveaverystrongsenseofprivacy.,Activity2Greetings,18.05.2020,.,10,“Good-bye”or“Bye-Bye”isacceptablebothinEnglishandChinese,anditisaveryformalway.Englishpeoplealsosay“Seeyou”,“Seeyoulater”,“Goodnight”,and“Haveaniceday”.ThoseexpressionsconveylesspersonalconcernsthanChineseroutinessuchas“Walkslowly”,“Staylonger”.,Activity3Farewells,18.05.2020,.,11,Complimentsandpraisesareofgreatsocialfunctions.Concerningcomplimentsandcomplimentresponses,thepragmaticrulesarevariousindifferentcultures.InAmericanculture,thetopicofcomplimentscanbevaried.Theirresponsetocomplimentsispositive.Chinesepeopleareshytocomplimentothersandalsoshytoacceptcompliments.,Activity4Complimentsandresponses,18.05.2020,.,12,A.ACanadianwomanacquaintanceofaChineseartteacheraskedhimtolookoveranarticlethatshehadwrittenaboutChinesepainting.Heagreed,butaddedsomethingpolitely.Whatdoyouthinkhewouldliketoadd?B.AfamousChineseactressmarriedaGerman.Onedaywhenshewasacting,herhusbandwastherewatching,sayingagainandagainthatshewasthebestactress.Theactresscolleaguespresentaskedherafterwardstotellherhusbandnottopraisehisownwifelikethatinpublic.Onlearningthis,theGermanwonderedwhathedidwrong.,Activity4Complimentsandresponses,18.05.2020,.,13,Activity5Inviting,Nowstudythefollowingstatementsandthinkhowyouwouldrespondtoeachofthem.Discussinsmallgroups.Letsgettogethersoon.Ihaventseenyouforalongtime.Youmustcomeroundfordinnersometime.Itsgoodseeingyou.Illinviteyoutotealater.Imgoingtogiveapartythisweekend.Comeifyoulike.HowaboutjoiningusfordinnerthisFridaynight?,18.05.2020,.,14,Activity6FootingtheBill,Task1:WhoseTreat?Situation:Whensomeonesuggestsgoingforameal,whosgoingtopaythebill?Task2:CustomsandLanguageTask3:MeaningfromContextgoDutchpoolonesmoneypickupthetabbuyonesround,18.05.2020,.,15,Activity7ShowingHospitalityinDifferentWays,Task1:Toomodest?-When“No”DoesnotMeanNo.WeChineseusuallysay“no”whensomebodyofferssomething,because_.Afterwesay“no”,weusually_,butthatneverhappensinaforeignershome.Ifthehostjustbringsthefoodordrinkandignoresour“no”,wewill_.,18.05.2020,.,16,Activity7ShowingHospitalityinDifferentWays,Task2:SharingKnowledge:YesandNoTheJapaneseword“Hai”Differentwaysofsaying“No”acrossculturesTheJapanese“No”,18.05.2020,.,17,Activity7ShowingHospitalityinDifferentWays,Task2:SharingKnowledge:YesandNoWhatdoesitmeantointerculturalcommunication?InEnglishcultures,itseasytosay“no”tosomethingtheydonotwanttodo.Butinmanyeasterncultures,itsdifficulttosay“no”.Torefuseaninvitationorarequestwith“no”orasimilarphrase,isfelttobeimpolite.Itsthoughttobeselfishandunfriendly.,18.05.2020,.,18,Activity8DisagreeingAgreeably,Task1:DifferentApproachestoRefusingRequestsDirectandIndirectCommunicationStyle(PersonalandContextualCommunicationStyle)(InstrumentalandAffectiveCommunicationStyle),18.05.2020,.,19,Activity8DisagreeingAgreeably,Task1:DifferentApproachestoRefusingRequests1.DirectcommunicationstyleWithdirectcommunicationstyle,speakerexpresseshisintention（needanddesire）openlyanddirectly.Directstylesareoftenusedinlow-context,individualisticcultures.Verbalprecisionandself-expressionarevalued.2.IndirectcommunicationstyleInanindirectcommunicationstyle,whichisoftenseeninhigh-contextandcollectivisticcultures,speakersusuallyhideorhinttheirintentionsduringinteraction.,18.05.2020,.,20,BasicTheory:CommunicativeStyles,IndividualismConsiderindividualDistinguishformsofdiscourselessPayattentiontocontextlessExpressexplicitlyanddirectlyPeopleinferless,CollectivismConsidergroupDistinguishformsofdiscoursemorePayattentiontocontextmoreExpressinexplicitlyandindirectlyPeopleinfermore(Fukushima2000:134),18.05.2020,.,21,Activity8DisagreeingAgreeably,Task2:Face:GoffmanPositivefaceisthedesireofbeingseenasagoodhumanbeing.Negativefaceisthedesiretoremainautonomous.,18.05.2020,.,22,Face:BrownandLevinson,Faceisthepublicself-imagethateverymemberwantstoclaimforhimself.Itreferstothatemotionalandsocialsenseofselfthateveryonehasandexpectseveryoneelsetorecognize.Faceconsistsoftworelatedaspects.,Browndisagreementsthreatenthehearerspositiveface.,18.05.2020,.,25,Activity8DisagreeingAgreeably,Task2:FaceRefusalsClassificationofRefusals(Beebeetal.1990:72-73)I.Direct“Irefuse”“No”“Icant.”“Iwont”.“Idontthinkso.”,18.05.2020,.,26,Activity8DisagreeingAgreeably,Task2:FaceRefusalsClassificationofRefusalsII.IndirectA.Statementofregret(e.g.,“Imsorry.”;“Ifeelterrible.”)B.Wish(e.g.,“IwishIcouldhelpyou.”)C.Excuse,reason,explanation(e.g.,“Mychildrenwillbehomethatnight.”;“Ihaveaheadache.”)D.Statementofalternative1.IcandoXinsteadofY(e.g.,“Idrather.”“Idprefer”)2.WhydontyoudoXinsteadofY(e.g.,“Whydontyouasksomeoneelse?”),18.05.2020,.,27,Activity8DisagreeingAgreeably,Task2:FaceTheConfucianlegacyofconsiderationforothersandconcernforproperhumanrelationshipshasledtothedevelopmentofcommunicationpatternsthatpreserveoneanothersface.Indirectcommunicationhelpstopreventtheembarrassmentofrejectionbytheotherpersonordisagreementamongpartners,leavingtherelationshipandeachothersfaceintact.,18.05.2020,.,28,Activity8DisagreeingAgreeably,Task3:DefendingFace“Defendingface”isoneofthemainfactorsinfluencingJapanesebehavior.Concretemechanisms(indirectformsofcommunication)fordefendingface-mediatedcommunication(askingsomeoneelsetotransmitthemessage);refractedcommunication(talkingtoathirdpersoninthepresenceofthehearer);actingasadelegate(conveyingonesmessageasbeingfromsomeoneelse).,18.05.2020,.,29,Activity8DisagreeingAgreeably,Task3:DefendingFaceAsignificantdifferencebetweenNorthAmericanandEastAsiancommunicationpatterns.American“Thedoorisopen”.Japanese“Itssomewhatcoldtoday.”,18.05.2020,.,30,Task4“Face”inChinesecultureTheconceptionoffaceinChinesecultureisdifferentfromBrownandLevinsonsdefinition.BrownandLevinsondecla