英语非谓语动词

英语中的非谓语动词一、非谓语的作用：成分主语宾语表语定语状语补语不定式分词动名词二、非谓语动词的形式：形式不定式现在分词过去分词动名词一般式to dodoingdonedoing被动式to be donebeing donedonebeing done进行式to be doingdoing完成式to have donehaving donedonehaving done完成被动to have been donehaving been donedonehaving been done完成进行to have been doinghaving been doing否定式not to donot doingnot having donenot donenot doingnot having done复合结构for / of sb. to do sth.sb. doingsb. doneones / one doingmy / me doing三、非谓语的完成式I不定式的完成时形式：结构：to have done. 完成式：to have doneI am sorry to have kept you waiting so long. Nice to have met you. Bye. His father was said to have been in America during the Cultural Revolution.The famous writer was known to have come from a farmers family.Edison was considered to have invented the electric light.完成被动：结构：to have been doneThe book is said to have been translated into several foreign languages.= It is said that the book has been translated into several foreign languages.20 people were reported to have been injured in the accident.= It was reported that 20 people had been injured in the accident.完成进行：结构：to have been doingHe seemed to have been doing the experiment for hours.He pretended to have been doing his homework for a long time.II现在分词的完成形式：Having finished his work, he went to bed.The storm left, having caused a lot of damage.Not having received his letter, I wrote again. Not having been praised for a long time, the boy was eager for it.III动名词的完成形式The driver came close to having been killed. I remember having locked the door.I regretted having said / saying that at the meeting. He was ashamed of not having been admitted into Shandong University.四、非谓语的被动式I不定式的被动形式：一般被动式：to be doneLittle Tom loves to be taken to the theatre this evening. The boy likes to be left alone at home.完成被动：to have been doneThe book is said to have been translated into several foreign languages.It is said that the book has been translated into several foreign languages.20 people were reported to have been injured in the accident.It was reported that 20 people had been injured in the accident.不定式主动表被动A) 不定式在表语形容词或宾语补足语之后作状语The question is difficult to answer. The work is easy to do. English is hard to learn.The box is heavy to carry.I found the car comfortable to ride in. That makes poetry difficult to write. B）不定式作定语I have a lot of work to do.I have three letters to answer.There are some interesting books to read.I have a comfortable room to live in.C) be to let / be to blame 表示被动The house is to let.I, rather than you, am to blame. Those cars are to rent.II分词的被动形式一般被动式：being done Being heated, the ice is melting. The meeting being held now is about the College Entrance ExaminationsI found the thief being caught by the policeman.完成被动：having been done Having been separated for many years, they didnt recognize each other immediately.Not having been touched for three days, the meat smelt.III动名词的被动形式动名词的一般形式和完成形式没大有区别Little Tom loves being taken to the theatre.He hates being laughed at. Hes not used to being treated like that.He escaped being punished.He hoped to get out without being seen. He remembered having been invited there.五、 非谓语的逻辑主语：1、 分词Being ill, he didnt go to work today.His mother being ill, he didnt go to work today.When he heard the news, his tears ran down.It being Sunday, he is free at home.2、 动名词Would you mind my smoking here?His being ill worried me.I think of someone waiting for me.The news of his having been chosen excited me.The boys taking the first place made him happy.How about the two of us going out for a walk?3、 不定式It is very kind of you to help me.Its clever of you to work out the problem.Its important for us to learn English well.Its necessary for you to find a teacher to help.根据非谓语的逻辑主语一致的要求，做下列选择：. _ the news, his eyes were wet.A. HearingB. To hear C. On hearingD. When he heard. _ Sunday, we had no classes.A. Being B. It being C. It wasD. As it is. _, he will go to Shanghai by air.A. Weather permitsB. If weather is permittedC. Weather permittingD. Weather permitted. _, he had to stay at home to look after her.A. Being illB. His wife being illC. His wife was illD. As he was ill. _short of money, his father had to put some money in the bank for him.A. Running B. RunC. His runningD. He running七、动名词作动词的宾语suggest finish enjoy mind keep admit practice imagine consider risk (冒险)excuse miss fancy escape avoid deny delay stand mention understandresist recommend (推荐) forgive（原谅）postpone（推迟）appreciate（欣赏）adore （喜欢）advocate (提倡) acknowledge (承认) defer（推迟）recall（回忆）cant help cant stand cant resist put off set about give up feel like be busy be worth burst out (crying, laughing)八、跟不定式作宾语的动词：hope trymanageoffer startforget remember mean pretendintend beginattempt decide learnde