2015高考语法填空题专题方法解题技巧

welcome!,专题复习,语法填空,高考英语大纲说明中对新题型作了这样的描述：在一篇200词左右的语言材料里留出10个空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容（不多于3个单词）或所提供单词的正确形式。,题型特点,1.语言材料短文体对话体,例文1：Timeisofgreat_(important)inourlives.Itorganizesoureverydaymoments.However,timeneverhadanyimportanceinmylifeuntilIreceivedawatchfrommyfatherthatorganizedmylifeandmadememore_(responsibility).Ireceivedthisgiftonagray-skyday.Ihadtogototheairportat9:00a.m._(pick)upmyuncleAliandtakehimtomyfathershouse.However,IwaslatebecauseIwashangingout_myfriends.Laterthatday,around11:00a.m.,Irememberedmyuncle,butIwasverylateforhim.He_(leave)theairportandtakenataxitomyfathershouse.Igottomyfathershouseat2:00a.m.onthesamedayandIfeltashamed_myselfatthatmoment.AfterIsaidhitomyangerfatherand_(tire)uncle,myfatheraskedmetositnexttohimandhandedmethiswatch,_giftfromhim.Thenhesaid,“Elsa,didyouhavefunwithyourfriendstoday?”“Yesfather,andI.”Heinterruptedme,“Youshouldbesorryforyouractions.”Headded,“Ihopetodayyoulearnedsomethingimportant,andthiswatchwillbea_(remind)foryou.”Thiswatchisimportanttome,notbecauseofitsprice,_becauseofthelessonIlearnedfromit.,importance,responsible,topick,with,hadleft,of,tired,a,reminder,but,短文体,例文2：Dave:AreyouOK?Youdontlookveryhappy.Lily:Oh,Dave.Ihadanargumentwithmumagain.Imnotgettingenoughpocketmoney.Ineedmoremoney_Iget.Dave:Howmuchdoyouget?Lily:Fivepoundsaweek.Dave:Thatsounds_(reason)tome.Lily:Well,Im14andifyouaregoingtotownshopping,youcanneverhaveenoughmoney.Dave:_(compare)with_yourfriendsget,its_fairamountofmoney.Lily:Well,weallgetthesame.ButIhavetobuyallmusicthingsaswellasthingsforschoolandhavehardlyanythinglefttospend_clothes.Dave:Right.Doyouhavetohelparoundhouse?,than,reasonable,Compared,what,a,on,Lily:Notreally.MumsaysifIdothatIwillneverhavetimetodomyschoolwork.Dave:Hasshesaidyoucanhave_(much)pocketmoneywhenyouare15?Lily:Well,MumjustsayssheistheonetodecidewhenIwillgetmore.IguessIhaveno_(choose)but_(wait).Dave:AsfarasImconcerned,you_aswellsitdownwithheranddiscussitcalmly.Dontarguewithher.Lily:OK,thanks.,more,choice,towait,may/might,对话体,2、空格设计,纯空格,介词、连词、代词、冠词、从句引导词、情态动词、强调助动词等。,有提示词,给出了动词的试题,谓语动词、非谓动词、词类转换,词类词义转换题,名词、形容词、副词、形容词或副词的比较级或最高级,解题技巧与方法,GroupWork,Discusswithyourgroupmembersaboutthefollowingsentences,andtrytofigureoutsomesimilaritiesofthewordsweshouldfillin.,考点分析,语法填空以要求根据上下文填入一个以动词(verb)（或其适当形式）、名词(noun)、代词(pronoun)、冠词(article)、介词(prep.)、情态动词(modalverbs)、连词(conj)或引导词、形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.)考查各项语法内容。,考点一：冠词,特点：1、空格后无提示词2、空格位于名词之前,Thereoncewereagoatandadonkey.Sothefarmerkilled40_goatandgavethedonkeymedicinemadefromitsheart.,the,考查语法点:定冠词：the，特指不定冠词：a，用于辅音音素开始的单词前an，则用于元音音素开始的单词前,考点分析,考点二：介词,特点：1、空格后无提示词2、注意与相关名词或者动词搭配,Inshort,Ibelievethatitis39_greatusetokeepadairyinEnglish,of,考查语法点:介词的基本用法及惯用搭配,考点分析,考点三：代词,特点：1、空格后无提示词2、指代上下文相关人，事，物3、注意代词的单复数，主宾格,考查语法点:代词的基本用法,考点分析,Sherememberedhowdifficult_wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.,it,考点四：连词,特点：1、空格后无提示词2、有两个主谓结构,Historically,itwasfamousforindustry,whichexplains_theareaiscalledtheBlackCountry.,why,考查语法点:连词:表人或事物之间关系的并列连词，如：and,but,or,yet.连接分句或引导从句的从属连词，如，that,which,who,when,where,考点分析,考点五：谓语动词,特点：1、空格后有提示词2、主谓一致,IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI_(tell)bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotfood.,wastold,考查语法点:谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致,考点分析,考点六：非谓语动词,特点：1、空格后有提示词2、不做谓语,Wemustalsoconsiderthereactionoftheperson_(receive)thegift.,receiving,考查语法点:非谓语动词及其变形的使用。非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词），,考点分析,考点七：词性转换,特点：1、空格后有提示词2、根据相关词改变提示词的词性，如，副词修饰动词，形容词或句子形容词修饰名词或者代词,“Shutup!”shesaid_(rude).,rudely,考查语法点:各类词性的正确使用及转化,考点分析,考点八：形容词的级,特点：1、空格后有提示词2、通常，有表示范围的in/of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级,Oneofthe_(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher,worst,考点分析,总结提升,处理空格的关键步骤,动词名词形容词副词,冠词介词连词代词,总结提升,二根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形,冠词,定冠词,不定冠词,并列句及复合句,非谓语动词todo,doing,done及变形,谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致,介词的常用用法及词组搭配,词汇,构词法,代词,人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，指示代词，反身代词,在英语中，词形变化指同一单词在不同语境下，由于人称、时态和语态差异而使用不同的形式,根据语境,确定词形,分析句子,确定词性,提示：四步走归根到底其实就是寻找依据每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据。,通读全文,理解大意,总结提升,检查搭配,前后连贯,（注意三写）:拼写正确、书写规范、大小写准确,解题四步走,InquiryActivities,阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填人一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Ajoblessmanappliedforthepositionof“officeboy”atabigfirm.TheHRmanager_(interview)him,thenatest:cleanthefloor.“Youarehired,”hesaid,“givemeyouremailaddress,_Illsendyoutheapplicationtofill.”Themanreplied“Idonthaveacomputer,_anemail”.“Imsorry,”saidtheHRmanager,“thatmeansyoudonotexist.And_doesntexistcannothavethejob.”Themanleft_no,neither/nor/or,interviewed,and,whoever,with,nohopeatall.Hedidntknowwhattodo,withonly$10inhispocket.Hethendecidedtogotothesupermarketandbuya10KGtomatocrate.Hethensoldthetomatoesinadoortodoorround.Inlessthantwohours,he_(success)indoublinghiscapital.Herepeatedtheoperation3times,andreturnedhomewith$60.5yearslater,themanisoneofthe_(big)foodretailers(零售商)intheUS.Hestartedtoplanhisfamilysfuture,anddecidedtohavealifeinsurance.Hecalled_insurancebroker(经纪人）,andchoseaprotectionplan.Whentheconversationwasconcluded,thebrokeraskedhimhisemail.Themanreplied:“Idonthaveanemail”.,succeeded,biggest,an,Thebrokerreplied_(curious),“Youdonthaveanemail,andyethaveestablishedanempire!Doyouimagine_youcouldhavebeenifyouhadanemail?Themanthoughtforawhile,andreplied:“