胃保护素对破骨细胞的作用

葛根素是生长激素促分泌物受体(growthormonesecretagoguereceptor )的内源性配体. Ghrelin的结构： Ghrelin是由28氨基酸组成的小分子多肽， 有Ghrelin-28和des-Gln14-Ghrelin两种形式，除14位氨基酸Gln缺失外，des-Gln14-Ghrelin的生物活性与ghrelin相同。 GhrelinN末端第3位丝氨酸残基上的正辛酰基(n-octanoylgroup )在生物活性中有着重要的作用。 人和大鼠的ghrelin进化保守，第11位和第12位只有2个氨基酸不同。 BackgroundKnowledge .structuresofhumanandratghrelins、bothhumanandratghrelinsare 28-aminoacidpeptides、 in which ser3ismodifidbyafattyacid primarily n-octanicacid.thismodificationisessentialforghrelinsactivity .k :赖氨酸，a丙氨酸； R:精氨酸、V:缬氨酸、Thestructureofghrelinreceptor、GHSR、 ghsrisaseventtransmembrane-domaing-proteincoupledreceptor.twotranscriptsareproducerdfromthemhuanghsgnebyalternativesplicing 333 tio nalreceptor，andGHSR1b，whichistruncatedatertransmembrandomain 5，appeonstobeunabletostimertinstruteracellularsignalingpathways signaltransductionpathway ghsecretaigogues (ghss ) stimulateghreleasethrughtheghsreceptor (GHS-rorghrelinreptor ) toncreasesentracells levels.ghssarearificalmoleculesanddonotexistinnature，sothereisnostructlarhomologybetweenghreandpeptideghss . summary ghrelinisreleasedinresponsonetofasting schthatcirculartinglevelreshighestimmediatelypriortromeals.grelincreansedthebone tost classs butdidnotalterstrteoclastdifferentiationinamurinebonemarowasayonorbonerropentinesxvivocalovarialcultures . ghrelinshowedmitogenicactivityinosteoblasts，whitsastrongeffeatinhumanceslsandaweakerefectinratosteoblasts . 1.introduction boneturnoverisacutelyresponsivetofodintake， withbonerrsorpotingincrenticalddringfastingandsuppressedduringfeeding.numerous factors suchasnutritionalcontentorsizeofmeals， maypriverrallinhisreationshanthetomeguthormones，suchas glucagon-like peptide-2 3，4 ， alsoaffctthenormpradindalreductionofboneresoroption.anumberofstudiesinvestigatedtheefctsofghrelininskeletaltissue.astudyofthexex unansusedemonstratedaweapotivesignalinbonemaorrow。osteoclasstresponsetoghrelinhasnevervestigatedpreviously.atiomifftheditydityofurthetheticativeativityofghrelininecells andinput thecuttiomationofbonerropthetoccursduringfasting.acylatedghrelinbsa (牛血清白蛋白) GibcobrandFBS (胎牛血清)和mediawereusedtritiatedthymidine tartrate-resistanantacidphosphatase (trap ) staining kit (酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色试剂盒试验) 1， 25-dihydroxyvitamin3osteoprotegrin (OPG ) (骨保护素) salmoncalcitonin (鲑鱼降钙素)，materials . osteoclassidifferentitionimsumebonemarrowcululus 0，2，5 d，2，4 d，GhrelinC(0.1-10nM )，7d，TRAPstaining，MNC，48-wellplates，Mixedmarrowcells， themicrontedpropactionclessfromthebonemarrowisculturedinthepresenceof 1，25-dihydroxyvitamind3thantpromotesosteoclassormation， result ostooeclistidferentionimsusebmarlorthestofectedbyughrelin .OPG : recombinanthumbanosteoprotegrine (10 ng/ml ) wasincludedasapositivecontrolforinhibitionofostclasstogenesis.ghrelinincreatingsthebone-resorbingactiveofratosteoclasssontro，bb Matureosteoclast，Incubatefor24h，GhrelinC:1nM/10nM，fixedandstainedforTRAP，TRAP ()，Count，Scrubbing， refrectedlightimigimeofrecompritionprotimesformedbratosteoclassonbovineboneslices，Stainanddry，Results， ghrelinataconcentrationof1nminducda 30 % increcenserinthenumberofpitsexcavatedbyostclasss wheareat 10 nmtherewasonlya 15 % increctinse teyfferentfromthecontrol .thepotinenthionitorofosteoclasstivity，salmon calcitonin (1010 m ) wasusedasapositivecontrol . soteoclistactivityinmusticalvarialcultureisnotaffeectedbyghrelin . calvariaelabeledinvivowith 45 cwerecollectedandincuatedexviowipementalsubstancesvihiclefor 48 hours . valsareepressedaspercentreleased 45 cadtectedovertotal 45 caine CTED (3ci ) . PTH : parathyroidormone (positive control.ghrelinismitogenictoprimaryhumanosteoblasts . 3 h-hyidineincorporationwasmeasuredasanindicatofcellproliferation . humanprimaryosteoblastsubatedfor 24 or 48 housingthesepresenceeof0.1nmghrelinshoweda2- foldirecincrenticationpreforationaleasaseasttate 、grelinewernallinducdeclecrolprifierationinprimaryratosteoblasts、with a 1.1-1.2-foldstimationofthymidineincorporation (a ) ) and asimilar modestincreaseincellnumbers (b )、Conclusion、 ghrelinincreasedthebone-re