新概念第二册88课

.,Peter,Lesson88,.,Peter,Lesson88,.,Vocabulary,.,Vocabulary,.,Vocabulary,1.trapinto使陷入(圈套)Bycleverquestioningtheytrappedhimintomakingaconfession.他们用巧妙的提问诱使他招认了。2.becaughtinatrap敌军落入了全套，全军覆没。Theenemytroopswerecaughtinatrap.Theywerecompletelywipedout.,.,Vocabulary,1.trickinto警察哄骗他招供了。Thepolicetrickedhimintomakingaconfession.2.诡计她的眼泪只是欺骗别人的诡计。Hertearswerejustatricktodeceiveothers.Treatortrick（万圣节俗语）,.,Vocabulary,表面一个波浪从池水表面掠过。Awavebrokeacrossthesurfaceofthepool.onthesurface表面上这个方案表面上看起来很实际。Theschemeonthesurfaceseemstobepractical.,.,Vocabulary,爆炸性的explosivenews爆炸性新闻2.引发争论的种族问题是一个会引发激烈争论的问题。Thequestionofraceisanexplosiveone.3.大声的他笑得直不起腰。Hebentdoublewithexplosivelaughter.,.,Vocabulary,激增石油价格的急剧上涨引起了经济危机。Theexplosionoftheoilpricescausedaneconomicalcrisis.causedamageto对造成破坏,.,Vocabulary,.,Vocabulary,塌了风把帐篷吹塌了。Thewindcausedthetenttocollapse.看到那位帅锅的发型，我的整个世界坍塌了。Seeingthehairstyleofthatboy,mywholeworldcollapsed,.,Vocabulary,钻,.,Vocabulary,胶囊太空舱,.,Vocabulary,层,.,Vocabulary,lie的过去式lielaylain放置layaside放在一边把工作放在一边，好好休息一下。Layasideyourworkandhaveagoodrest.layoff=stop停止戒烟对你身体有好处。Layingoff/Quitting/Stopping/Givingupsmokingisgoodforyourhealth.,.,Vocabulary,laythetable把桌子收拾一下layeggs下蛋Thehenlaidthreeeggs.那只母鸡下了三个蛋。,.,Vocabulary,撒谎Howdareyoulietome?你怎么敢对我撒谎？2.躺着他躺在床上，一边看电视，一边吃薯条。Lyinginthebed,hewatchedTVandatepotatochips.3.位于浙江大学位于老和山下。ZhejianguniversityliesatthefootoftheLaoheHill.,.,Vocabulary,whitelie善意的谎言liar说谎的人,.,Vocabulary,beneath=under文学修辞中常用正下方belowabove正上方不一定正下方underover不一定正上方on接触的上方,.,Vocabulary,降低（抽象、具体）不必降低身份以求帮助，上帝帮助那些帮助自己的人。（抽象的降低）Dontloweryourselftoaskforhelp.Godhelpthemwhohelpthemselves.长颈鹿低下头去喝池塘里的水。（具体的降低）Thegiraffelowereditsheadtodrinkthewaterinthepool.,.,Vocabulary,inprogress在进行中整个项目都在有条不紊地进行中。Thewholeprojectiswellinprogress.Recordinginprogress.Pleasebequiet.录音进行中，请保持安静。2.makeprogress(in)在取得进步你们必将在英语学习上取得巨大进步。YouwillsurelymakegreatprogressinEnglishstudy.,.,Vocabulary,流畅地你能流畅地说英语吗？CanyouspeakEnglishsmoothly?2.顺利地在他的指导下，我们顺利地完成了工作。Underhisguidance,wefinishedtheworksmoothly.,.,Watchandanswer,Howmanymenhavebeentrappedinamineforhowlong?,Whyarerescueoperationsprovingdifficult?,WhyarethesixmencheerfuleventhoughtheyArerunningoutoffoodanddrink?,.,.,Watchandanswer,Asthemantriedtoswingthespeedboatround,thesteeringwheelcameawayinhishands.Afterithadpassed,theyswamonasquicklyastheycouldbecausetheyknewthattheboatwouldsoonreturn.Theyhadjusthadenoughtimetoswimoutofdangerwhentheboatagaincompletedacircle.,.,Languagepoints,Sixmenhavebeentrappedinamineforseventeenhours.,完成时中，for+时间段，表示动作持续了一段时间，并持续到了现在。雨下了一整晚，太郁闷了！Ithasbeenrainingforthewholenight,whichmakesmefeelsogloomy/blue.gloomy:郁闷的，暗淡的=blue忧郁的agloomymood郁闷的心情,.,Languagepoints,Iftheyarenotbroughttothesurfacesoontheymaylosetheirlives.,theymay=maybetheywill如果不快点把他送到医院，他可能要没命了。Itheisnotsenttothehospitalsoon,hemaylosehislife.loseoneslife丢掉性命loseonesway迷路nothingtolose一无所有loseoneselfin沉迷于之中,.,Languagepoints,Iftheyarenotbroughttothesurfacesoontheymaylosetheirlives.,may这里是表示推测，类似可表推测的情态动词还有：can/could,must她的男朋友是他！怎么可能呢？！Herboyfriendisthatguy!Howcoulditbepossible?肯定那家伙追了她很久很久Hemusthavebeencourtingherforaverylongtime我好像在哪见过他。Imayhavemethimsomewhere.,.,Languagepoints,Iftheyarenotbroughttothesurfacesoontheymaylosetheirlives.,当情态动词表推测时：can（could）不肯，may（might）不问，must肯定不否问。must的否定？neednt或donthavetomust的疑问？need,.,Languagepoints,However,rescueoperationsareprovingdifficult.,rescue营救营救人员冲向飞机坠毁的现场。Therescueworkersrushedtothesiteoftheplanecrash.如果没人跳下水救她，她很快就会被淹死。Ifnoonedivestorescueher,shewillsoonbedrownedtodeath.to是介词烧死beburnedtodeath饿死bestarvedtodeath,.,Languagepoints,However,rescueoperationsareprovingdifficult.,proveproved/provenproved/proven证明provetobe=turnouttobe结果是，被证实是事实证明，想学会英语并不难。Itproves(tobe)notdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.,.,Languagepoints,Ifexplosivesareused,vibrationswillcausetheroofoftheminetocollapse.,explosives炸药explosivesareused为什么是被动语态？什么时候使用被动语态？如果使用暴力，事情会变得更糟。Ifviolenceisused,thingswillbeworse.强调什么，什么就放在前面，所以用被动语态。,.,Languagepoints,Ifexplosivesareused,vibrationswillcausetheroofoftheminetocollapse.,causetodo/be导致causetosth.对造成（causedamageto）突发心脏病可能导致人死亡。Asuddenheartattackmaycauseonetodie.那场洪水对村庄造成了巨大的破坏。Thefloodcausedgreatdamagetothatvillage.Thefloodcausedthevillagetobebadlydamaged.,.,Languagepoints,Rescueworkersarethereforedrillingaholeonthenorthsideofthemine.,therefore=thereby=thus=hence因此（副词）so是连词我爱你，所以我想娶你。Iloveyou,soIwanttomarryyou.Iloveyou,andthereforeIwanttomarryyou.然而，你爱的是他不是我。However,thepersonyouloveishim,notme.因此，你可能不会嫁给我。Therefore,youmaynotmarryme.,.,Languagepoints,Theyintendtobringthemenupinaspecialcapsule.,intendtodo打算（包含一种意愿，而plan指计划，更生硬）鉴于这几天总是下雨，我打算随身带把伞。Inviewoftheendlessrainthesedays,Iintendtotakeanumbrellawithme.我计划六月份去趟澳大利亚。IplantogotoAustraliainJune.那本来只是个玩笑。Thatwasintendedasajoke.,.,Languagepoints,Theyintendtobringthemenupinaspecialcapsule.,meantodo打算（与intend类似）对不起，我无心伤害你。Iamsorry,butIdidntmeantohurtyou.我只是开个玩笑。Imeantitasajoke.Itwasmeanttobejoke.,.,Languagepoints,Iftherehadnotbeenahardlayerofrockbeneaththesoil,theywouldhavecompletedthejobinafewhours.,这句话是虚拟语气：现实和表达的内容不符，现实总是太残忍把这个句子还原成没有倒退前的时态Iftherewasnotahardlayerofrockbeneaththesoil,theywouldhavecompletedthejobinafewhours.后半句是过去将来时,.,Languagepoints,Iftherehadnotbeenahardlayerofrockbeneaththesoil,theywouldhavecompletedthejobinafewhours.,这句话是虚拟语气：现实和表达的内容不符把这个句子还原成没有倒退前的时态Iftherehasnotbeenahardlayerofrockbeneaththesoil,theywillhavecompletedthejobinafewhours.,.,Languagepoints,Iftherehadnotbeenahardlayerofrockbeneaththesoil,theywouldhavecompletedthejobinafewhours.,这句话是虚拟语气：现实和表达的内容不符，现实总是太残忍主从句往前退一个时态，做题时，可根据从句时态，判断主句时态,.,Languagepoints,Bothmenhadhardlyhadtimetorealizewhatwashappeningwhentheywerethrownviolentlyintothesea.,hardlywhen一就（几乎没时间做某事，就）我们一到乡下就下雨了。Wehadhardlygotintothecountry,whenitbegantorain.Hardlyhadwegotintothecountry,whenitbegantorain.,.,Languagepoints,Bothmenhadhardlyhadtimetorealizewhatwashappeningwhentheywerethrownviolentlyintothesea.,realizev.意识到，实现realizeonesdream实现某人的梦想直到临死前他才意识到，活着是多么美好。Hehadntrealizedthebeautyoflifeuntilhewasjusttodie.,.,Languagepoints,Bothmenhadhardlyhadtimetorealizewhatwashappeningwhentheywerethrownviolentlyintothesea.,violentlyadv.猛地violentadj.暴力的violencen.暴力rudeadj.粗鲁的粗鲁的人喜欢用暴力解决问题。Rudepeopleprefertosolveproblemswithviolence.,.,Languagepoints,Thespeedboathadstruckabuoy,butitcontinuedtomoveveryquicklyacrossthewater.,strikestruckstruck击打，打击他一拳打在了男人的下巴上。Hestruckthemanonthechin.counterstrike反恐精英敌人在拂晓前发起了总攻。Theenemytroopsstruckjustbeforethedawn.,.,Languagepoints,Thespeedboathadstruckabuoy,butitcontinuedtomoveveryquicklyacrossthewater.,2.罢工煤矿工人已经罢工几个星期了。Thecoalminershavebeenonstrikeforseveralweeks.,.,Languagepoints,Thespeedboathadstruckabuoy,butitcontinuedtomoveveryquicklyacrossthewater.,continuetodocontinuedoing继续做另一件事继续做没做完的事Tobecontinued未完待续,.,Languagepoints,Bothmenhadjustbeguntoswimtowardstheshore,whentheynoticedwithdismaythatthespeedboatwasmovinginacircle.,hadjustwhen才刚就他才刚开出门，就下雨了。Hehadjustgoneout,whenitbegantorain.他才刚吃第一口，就饱了。Hehadjustbeguntoeat,whenhefeltfull.,.,Languagepoints,Bothmenhadjustbeguntoswimtowardstheshore,whentheynoticedwithdismaythatthespeedboatwasmovinginacircle.,他绝望地望着天空。Helookedintotheskywithdismay.他绝望地走入了那扇门，监狱的大门。Withdismay,hesteppedintothegate,thegateofaprison.他满怀希望地走进了那扇门，大学的大门。Withhope,hesteppedintothegate,thegateofauniversity.,.,Languagepoints,Itnowcamestraighttowardsthemattremendousspeed.Inlessthanaminute,itroaredpastthemonlyafewfeetaway.,now也可以用于一般过去时，描述当时的事情,.,Languagepoints,Itnowcamestraighttowardsthemattremendousspeed.Inlessthanaminute,itroaredpastthemonlyafewfeetaway.,comestraighttowards冲着直奔过来Straight直直地gostraightalongthestreet沿着街一直走towards朝着，关于随着年龄增长，人对死亡的看法也会发生变化。Asyougetolder,yourattitudetowardsdeathwillchange.,.,Languagepoints,Itnowcamestraighttowardsthemattremendousspeed.Inlessthanaminute,itroaredpastthemonlyafewfeetaway.,roarpast呼啸而过,.,Languagepoints,Afterithadpassed,theyswamonasquicklyastheycouldbecausetheyknewthattheboatwouldsoonreturn.,asassb.can/could=asaspossible尽快完成作业！Finishyourhomeworkasquicklyaspossible/youcan.我会尽我所能满足你。IwillsatisfyyourneedaswellasIcan/possible.,.,Languagepoints,Afterithadpassed,theyswamonasquicklyastheycouldbecausetheyknewthattheboatwouldsoonreturn.,过去将来时，站在过去看将来很早以前我就知道我会成为一名科学家。IknewIwouldbecomeascientistlongago.我就知道今天与你们的相处会很快乐。Iknewitwouldbeveryhappytobeallofyou.,.,Languagepoints,Theyhadjusthadenoughtimetoswimoutofdangerwhentheboatagaincompletedacircle.,hadjusthadenoughtimewhen时间刚刚好下课回家看那场球赛，时间刚刚好。Ihadjusthadenoughtimetogethomeandwatchthatsoccermatch,whentheclasswasover.,.,Languagepoints,Theyhadjusthadenoughtimetoswimoutofdangerwhentheboatagaincompletedacircle.,outofdanger脱离危险outofcontrol失控了outofonesmind疯了outofservice无服务，停止运行outofenergy体力不支Outofsight,outofmind.眼不见心不烦。,.,Languagepoints,Theyhadjusthadenoughtimetoswimoutofdangerwhentheboatagaincompletedacircle.,again的位置放在这里和放在句子最后有何区别？Hewaslateagain.他又迟到了。Again,hewaslate.他又TMD迟到了！,.,Languagepoints,Onthisoccasion,however,ithadsloweddownconsiderably.Thepetrolhadnearlyallbeenusedup.,onthisoccasion在这个时候=justthenonoccasion偶尔=sometimes,.,Languagepoints,Onthisoccasion,however,ithadsloweddownconsiderably.Thepetrolhadnearlyallbeenusedup.,considerably相当地、颇我试过广东菜、湖南菜和四川菜，它们的口味颇为不同。IhavetriedCantonese,HunanandSzechwanfoodandtheydifferquiteconsiderably.,.,Languagepoints,Onthisoccasion,however,ithadsloweddownconsiderably.Thepetrolhadnearlyallbeenusedup.,beusedup用光了汽油用光了。Thegasisusedup.Wearerunningoutofgas.,.,Languagepoints,Beforelong,thenoisedroppedcompletelyandtheboatbegantodriftgentlyacrossthewater.,Beforelong不久以后Longbefore很久以前,.,lesson90,Whatsforsupper?,.,Terrify使恐怖，使惊吓；,恐怖份子的目的就是令大众感到恐慌！Theaimoftheterroristsistoterrifypeople!adj.terrifying令人可怕的terrified很害怕的beterrifiedat/bysth被吓一跳,oilrig石油钻塔oil石油；油cookingoil食用油gasoline汽油,.,Wit理智，头脑；才智(pl.wits),Afallintothepit,againinyourwit.outofoneswitEg:Thesnaketerrifiedmeoutofmywits.Areyououtofyourwits?他的演讲充满了机智和幽默。Hisspeechisfullofwitsandhumor.,失去理智,吃一堑，长一智,你疯了吗？,.,Varietyn.品种，多样化,varietyshow综艺节目Adj.various各种各样的=avarietyof他因种种原因没来.Hedidntcomeforavarietyof/variousreasons.,.,由and连接的并列主语，如果主语是同一个人，同一事，同一概念时，如breadandbutter.谓语动词用单数,Fishandchips,Breadandbutter,forkandknife,Aactorandsinger,GRAMMAR,.,GRAMMAR,比较级+比较级越来越随着冬天的来临，夜晚变得越来越长了。Asthewintercomes,thenightbecomeslongerandlonger.越来越多的学生来新动态学习英语。MoreandmorestudentscometoNDItolearnEnglish.,.,GRAMMAR,Itcomesasasurprisetodosth得知她毕业以后嫁给一个百万富翁，着实令人惊讶。Itcomesasasurprisetolearnthatshemarriedamillionaireaftergraduation.,某事令人惊讶,.,GRAMMAR,bumpinto（1）撞上我看到出租车撞上一辆停著的汽车。Isawthetaxibumpintoaparkedcar.（2）偶遇我今天在城里偶然碰到了一位老朋友。Ibumpedintoanoldfriendintowntoday。,.,protectfrom/againstn/ving保护免受他戴著太阳镜保护眼睛免受强烈的阳光伤害。Heiswearingsunglassestoprotecthiseyesfrom/againstthestrongsunlight你应该防备孩子们受凉.Youshouldprotectthechildrenfrom/againstcatchingcold.,.,GRAMMAR,Killerwhale,shark,.,cod,skate,GRAMMAR,.,GRAMMAR,cause+n.todo导致粗心导致他考试不及格。Carelessnesscausehimtofail(in)theexam.overboardadv.（自船上）到水中falloverboard从船上落水、从火车上掉下來,.,GRAMMAR,Absence（）n.缺乏、缺少缺乏雨水造成植物死亡。Absenceofraincausedtheplantstodie.Absenceofmind心不在焉（2）n.不在、外出、缺席adj.absent缺课,beabsentfromschool,.,GRAMMAR,twofeetlong=twofeetinlength二英尺长,longhighwidedeep,lengthheightwidthdepth,.,GRAMMAR,asaresult=so结果是，因此asaresultof因为（becauseof）他迟到是因为交通堵塞。Hewaslateasaresultofthetrafficjam.,.,overfishterrifyabsencefavoritelengthwitcrewsupply,1.Broccoliisoneofmy_vegetables.2.Franktookmymoneyduringmy_.3.Whatisthe_oftheyardinfeet?5.Dontsaythingslikethat.Youare_me.6.Theoceanhasbeen_,sofishhasbecomeexpensive.7.Therapsingerismy_.8.Thegiantfishfrightenedmeoutofmy_.9.The_isworkinghardonboard.10.Themilitary_eachsoldierwithadequatefood.11.The_isrequiredtobeatworkontime.12.Themeetinghadtobepostponedduetothemanagers_.,favorite,absence,length,terrifying,overfished,favorite,wits,crew,supply,crew,absence,.,GRAMMARwhileaswhen的区别,when1.当时候Whenmyfatherwaspayingforourfood,themanaskedmyfatheraquestion.2.那时突然发生了什么事.常用语bedoing.when.表示正在某事时突然.Iwaswalking,whenIcameacrosshim.,.,GRAMMARwhileaswhen的区别,while1.正在时;Whiletheyweresmiling,hetookapicture.2.有时表示“而,然而”表示前后两种截然不同情况的对比.Somearereadingwhileothersarewriting.3.“只要”Whilethereislife,thereishope.4.用于名词,“过一会儿，过一段时间”Afterawhile,Ibegantogetboredwithmyjob.,.,GRAMMARwhileaswhen的区别,as1.当时候AsIwasreadingthemenu,themancametoourtable.2.“随着，一边一边”Shesangashewalked.3.“因为”Wealllikeherassheiskind.,.,GRAMMARwhileaswhen的区别,一、when表示主句动词的动作与从句动词的动作同时或先后发生while/as表示主句与从句动词的动作同时发生Igothome,Ihadashortrest.二、while只与表示延续性的动词连用.when,as既可与延续性动词又可以和短暂性动词连用.Iwaswalking,Icameacrosshim.Iwaswalking,Icameacrosshim.,When,when,When/As,.,GRAMMARwhileaswhen的区别,一.改错1.SheisfatbutIamthin.2.Itwasrainingwhilewearrived.3.Shesangwhilehewalked.,.,1.ShethoughtIwaspraisingherchild，_，infact，Iwasscoldinghimforhisbadbehaviorsatschool.A.whenB.whileC.asD.therefore2.Wewereswimminginthelake_suddenlythestormstarted.A.whenB.whileC.asD.before,.,3.Idoeverysinglebitofhousework_myhusbandBobjustdoesthedishesnowandthen.A.whileB.sinceC.whenD.as4.shewasridingherbike,shesangasong.A.WhenB.asC.sinceDafter,.,Lesson90Whatsforsupper?,Haveyouhadyourmeal?,.,CONTENTS,Newwordsandexpressions,overfishv.过度捕捞,giantadj.巨大的,terrifyv.吓，使恐怖,chipn.油煎土豆片,divern.潜小员,.,CONTENTS,Newwordsandexpressions,witn.（复数）理智，头脑,cagen.笼,sharkn.鲨鱼,oilrig石油钻塔,whalen.鲸,.,CONTENTS,Newwordsandexpressions,codn.鳕,skaten.鳐,factorn.因素,varietyn.品种,crewn.全体工作人员,.,Questionsonthetext,1.WhydoesitcomeasasurprisetolearnthatgiantfishareterrifyingthediversonNorthSeaoilrigs?,2.Whathavehappenedtodiverswhentheyworkindarknessahundredfeetunderwater?,3.Whatarethosemonstersthatattackdivers?,4.Whydothosefishgrowsolarge?,.,Lesson90Whatsforsupper?,.,1.Becausetheoceanshavebeenoverfished,fishhasbecomemoreexpensive,2.Giantfishbumpintothemastheywork,3.Theyarefavouriteeatingvarietieslikecodandskate,Buttheyhavegrowntounnaturalsizes,4.warmwater,plentifulsupplyoffoodandthetotalabsenceoffishingboats,.,Review,Have的用法：,FishandchipshasalwaysbeenafavouritedishinBritain,Oilrigshavetoberepairedfrequently,Youhaveitinyou你有某种连你自己都没有意识到的才能,IneverguessedTomhaditinhim我从来没有想到TOM有这种能力,.,LanguageFocus,.,.,ThankYou!,.,Lesson92,Askingfortrouble,Hardworkisoftenaladdertosuccess!,.,Storytoday,amanwhoreturenedhomelateandcouldntgetintothehouse.,.,Focus,Geround（动名词）用于并列补充句和反应句的so和neither/nor,.,Geround（动名词）用法总结,RefertoKS20,44,68,Grammar,.,做主语,Playingwithfireisdangerous.it为形式主语Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.(覆水难收）Itisfunplayingwithchildren.,Grammar,.,作宾语,避免、错过、（少）延期建议、完成、（多）练习喜欢、想象、禁不住承认、否定、（又）妒忌逃避、冒险、（多）原谅忍受、保持、（不）介意,avoid,miss,postponesuggest,finish,practiselike/live,imagine/fancy,canthelpbutadmit,deny,envyescape,risk,excuse,stand,keep,mind,Grammar,.,用作介词的to后跟动名词,be/getusedto=beaccustomedtodoingdevoteoneselftodoing(L.85Nevertoooldtolearn)objecttodoing(L.84Onstrike）lookforwardtodoing（L.44KS),Grammar,.,作表语,Seeingisbelieving.HisjobisteachingthekidsEnglish.Whathehatesmostisbeinglaughedat.,Grammar,.,Needdoing表被动,YouhairneedscuttingTheflowerneedscutting.Youbedroomneedscleaning.,Grammar,.,ExerciseA,Familiarizetheusageofgerundbydoingthisexercise.,.,LanguagePoints,1.Askingfortrouble自找麻烦，自计苦吃（多用于口语）Thebossseemstobeannoyed.Totalktohimnowistoaskfortrouble.,Grammar,.,Whattimewasitwhenthewriterreturnedhome?,languagePoints,Seethedifference:Itwasabouttwointhemorning.Itmusthavebeentwointhemorning.,.,sleepn.v.快速地，深深地;稳固地他睡的很熟Hewasfastasleep.他跑得快Herunsfast.Adj快的，迅速的，紧的，牢固的我喜欢节奏快的音乐。Ilikefastmusic.,.,Laddern梯子把梯子倚在树上Putuptheladderagainstatree爬上梯子putuptheladder爬下梯子Putdowntheladder成功的阶梯theladderto/ofsuccess发奋工作常是通向成功的阶梯。Hardworkisoftenaladdertosuccess,.,Shedn棚子;小棚v摘;掉落;脱(毛);落(叶);散发;放射牛棚Acattleshed当他听到她的的死讯的时候掉下了眼泪Heshedtearswhenheheardthenewsofherdeath.大多数树在秋天落叶。Mosttreesshedtheirleavesinautumn.,.,Getintotrouble惹上麻烦别好管闲事，不然你会惹麻烦的Donotgetnosy,oryoullgetintotrouble,.,动名词能在句中充当什么成分？?,Seeingisbelieving.Hishobbyiscollectingcoins.Iavoidmeetinghim.Thereisaswimmingpoolnearourschool.,.,动名词的基本用法,用作主语所表动作比较抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作。Playingwithfireisdangerous.Climbingmountainsisreallyfun.注意：动名词做主语，有时先用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。1)Itisnouse/good/useless+doing2)Itisawasteoftime+doing3)Itisfun+doing在以上两种结构中常用动名词作主语。和孩子们一起玩真好。Itisfunplayingwithchildren.,.,2用作宾语为了便于记忆，特归纳如下：,后跟-ing的动词的顺口溜：,避免，错过，（少）延期建议，完成，（多）练习喜欢，想象，禁不住承认，否定，（又）妒忌逃避，冒险，（多）原谅忍受，保持，（不）介意,avoid,miss,postpone/putoff,suggest,finish,practice,enjoy,imagine,canthelp,admit,deny,envy,escape,risk,excuse,stand,keep,mind,.,注意：to在下列短语中是介词，常跟动名词作宾语。be/getusedtolookforwardtogetdowntopayattentiontodevoteoneselftoleadtocontributetoobjectto（反对）Letsgetdowntopreparingfortheexam.,.,我避免去昂贵的饭店Iavoidgoingtotheexpensiverestaurant.你介意我打开窗户吗？Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?我禁不止哭了起来Icanthelpcrying.,.,Yourtaskiscleaningthewindows.你的任务就是擦窗户。(Cleaningthewindowsisyourtask.)WhatIhatemostisbeinglaughedat.我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。(BeinglaughedatiswhatIhatemost.),作表语,.,4作定语Aswimmingpool,.,Needneeddoing表被动意义，主语需要被花需要被浇水了。Theflowerneedswatering.她的房间需要打扫。Herroomneedscleaningneedtodo表主动意义，主语需要做，她需要做作业。Sheneedstodoherhomework.我们需要告诉他真相。Weneedtotellhimthetruth,.,Ienjoycleaningwindowsatnight.SodoI一、so引导的倒装句(肯定)So+功能词(be动词，助动词，情态动词)+主语，该句型必须具备两个条件:a，上句必须为肯定句；b，该主语与上句主语不一致.翻译为“-也是如此”。1.-LiLeicandance.-SocanTom.2.-Theylikeeatingapples.-SodoI.3.-LiMingisagoodstudent.-SoisMary,.,二、Neither/nor引导的倒装句(否定)Neither/nor+功能词+主语，该句型必须具备两个条件：a，上句为否定句；b，该主语与上句主语不一致。翻译为“-也不这样”。1.-LiLeicantdance.-NorcanTom.2.-Idontlikeeatingapples.-Neitherdoi.3.-Hedoesntdohishomeworkcarefully.-Nordothey.4.-LiMingisntagoodstudent.-NorisMary.,.,比一比,瞧一瞧!Sheisagoodgirl.SoamI.Sheisagoodgirl.Sosheis.咋回事捏?怎么一个倒装一个不倒装呢?,.,11Theyaregoodstudents.-_.A.Soweare.B.Soarewe.C.Norarewe.D.Norweare.2.-Itisagooddaytoday.-_.A.Soisit.B.Soitis.C.Neitherisit.D.Sodoesit.,.,33-Sheisabeautifulgirl.-_.A.Norami.B.Soami.C.Soheis.D.Norishe.4.-Isleptverylatelastnight.-_.A.Soami.B.SoIam.C.Sodidi.D.SoIdid.,.,5.-Youareagood