名词性从句考点复习整理ppt课件

名词性从句,1,一、找出以下句子的成分（主、谓、宾、表、定、状、补）1.Mouselovesrice.2.Godisagirl.3.IamMissChen,theheadteacherofClass1.,主语,谓语,同位语,宾语,表语,主语,主语,表语,系动词,系动词,2,4(1)Hisjobisimportant.(2)Whathedoesisimportant.5(1)Thisishisjob.(2)Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.,表语,主语,系动词,主语从句,系动词,表语,主语,系动词,表语,主语,表语从句,系动词,3,6(1)Idontlikehisjob.(2)Idontlikewhathedoeseveryday.7(1)Idontknowtheman,Mr.White.(2)Idontknowthefactthatheisateacher.,主语,谓语,宾语,主语,谓语,宾语从句,同位语,主语,谓语,宾语,同位语从句,主语,谓语,宾语,4,二、名词从句(NounClauses)在句子中起_作用的句子，相当于_在复合句中能担任_、_、_、_等根据它在句中不同的语法功能，可分为_(SubjectClause)、_(PredicativeClause)、_(ObjectClause)_(AppositiveClause),名词,名词/名词词组,主语,表语,宾语,同位语,主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,同位语从句,5,三、名词性从句考点：,.语序问题,4.连接词,that,whether,ifwhat,which,who,whom,whose,when,where,why,howwhatever,whichever,whoever,whomever,whosever,6.it作形式主语,形式宾语的用法,.时态问题,7.同位语从句与定语从句区别,5.名词性从句中的虚拟语气,.主谓一致问题,6,合成一个句子：1)Hewouldbebackinanhour.HesaidHesaid(that)hewouldbebackinanhour.2)DotheyspeakEnglish?WewanttoknowWewanttoknowif/whethertheycanspeakEnglish.3)Whatishername?HeasksmeHeasksmewhathernameis.,考点1.语序:连接词陈述句,7,注意：在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词之后,宾语从句中谓语的否定常转移到主句的谓语上，称为否定转移。Idontthinkhewillseeyou.Wedontexpectheiscoming.Idontbelievehewillgo.,考点1.语序:连接词陈述句,8,Noonecanbesure_inamillionyears.A.whatwillmanlooklikeB.whatmanwilllooklikeC.manwilllooklikewhatD.whatlookwillmanlike,考点1.语序:连接词陈述句,9,1)WhenwillProfessorLigiveusatalk?WewantedtoknowWewantedtoknowwhenProfessorLiwouldgiveusatalk.2)Jimisagoodstudent.TheteachersaidTheteachersaid(that)Jimwasagoodstudent.3)HasMr.GreenbeeninBeijingforfiveyears?HeaskedHeaskedif/whetherMr.GreenhadbeeninBeijingforfiveyears.,考点2时态问题,1.如果主句是过去的时态(包括一般过去时,过去进行时),那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态。,10,考点2时态问题,2.主句的动词用过去时，从句表示客观事实，格言，谚语等，从句谓语动词用一般现在时,Ourphysicsteacheroncetoldusthatlight_(travel)fasterthansound.,travels,3.主句的动词用一般现在时，从句谓语可根据从句谓语动词发生的时间选用各种时态,TomsaysthatMary_(go)abroadlastyearand_(be)therefornearly5months.,went,hasbeen,11,考点3主谓一致问题,1)何时开会还没有决定。,Whenthemeetingwillbegin_(have)notbeendecidedyet.,2)他们何时出发和他们去哪里还没有决定。,单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用_形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用_形式。由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用_形式。,单数,复数,has,Whentheywillstartandwheretheywillgo_(have)notbeendecidedyet.,3)何时何地开会还没有决定。,Whenandwherethemeetingwillbegin_(have)notbeendecidedyet.,has,单数,have,12,1.引导词that（当名词性从句中不缺任何成分时用that),that可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中的that可省略,that不可省略的情况：1.主语从句2.表语从句3.同位语从句4.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句5.并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词that不能省略,考点4名词性从句连接词的选用,13,that/省略,1)Idontthink_sheiscoming.2)Itisapity_hehasmadesuchamistake.3)Thereasonis_heiscareless.4)Thenews_ourteamwonthematchinspiredus.5)Idontthinkitnecessary_youshouldreadEnglishaloud.6)Hetoldme_hisfatherhaddiedand_hehadtomakealivingalone.,(that),that,that,that,that,(that),that,考点4名词性从句连接词的选用,14,2.其它连接代词和副词的选用,主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择who、which、when、where、why、how等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。,考点4名词性从句连接词的选用,15,1)我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided.2)我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。Idontknow_broketheglassyesterday.3)我不知道他长的什么样子。Ihavenoidea_helookslike.4)这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。Thisis_Ileftmyglasses.,When,who,what,where,考点4名词性从句连接词的选用,16,1)Ithinkthatitisunnecessaryformetospeaklouder.2)Hismotherissatisfiedwithwhathehasdone.3)Thathewasabletocomemadeushappy.4)Thisiswhatmakesusinterested.5)ThereasonwasthatTomhadneverseenthemillion-poundnotebefore.,考点4名词性从句连接词的选用,3.that和what的选用that和what都可引导所有的名词从句。,缺,不缺,东西/事情/样子/话语,无意义,否,单个宾语从句中可省,17,填that还是what？,1)_hewantsisabook.2)_hewantstogothereisobvious.3)Theresultis_wewonthegame.4)Thisis_wewanttoknow.5)Is_hetoldustrue?6)Weshouldpayattentionto_theteacherissaying.7)Ihavenodoubt_hewillcome.8)Ihavenoidea_hedidthatafternoon.,What,That,that,what,what,what,that,what,考点4名词性从句连接词的选用,18,1)在主语从句中，只有用it作形式主语时,whether和if都能引导主语从句,否则,也只能用whether。如:Whetherweshallattendthemeetinghasntbeendecidedyet.Ithasntbeendecidedwhether(if)weshallattendthemeeting.,考点4名词性从句连接词的选用,4.if和whether的选用,19,2)在表语从句和同位语从句中。如：Thequestioniswhetherthefilmisworthseeing.Thenewswhetherourteamhaswonthematchisunknown.,考点4名词性从句连接词的选用,4.if和whether的选用,20,3)在介词之后。(介词往往可以省略)如:Italldepends(on)whethertheywillsupportus.4)后面直接跟动词不定式时。如：Hedoesntknowwhethertostayornot.5)后面紧接ornot时。如：Wedidntknowwhetherornotshewasready.,考点4名词性从句连接词的选用,4.if和whether的选用,21,4.if和whether的选用,不能使用if的情况：1）主语从句2）表语从句3）同位语从句4）介词后的宾语从句5）whethertodo做动词宾语不能用iftodo6）whetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.,考点4名词性从句连接词的选用,22,if/whether1)Iaskedher_shehadabike.2)_wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.3)Wereworriedabout_heissafe.4)Idontknow_heiswellornot.5)Idontknow_ornotheiswell.6)Thequestionis_heshoulddoit.7)Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion_theoldmanwillrecoversoon.8)Idontknow_togo.,if/whether,Whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,考点4名词性从句连接词的选用,23,基本句型：Itis+形容词、名词、过去分词+that.+(should)do形容词:important,necessary,natural,strange名词:apity,ashame,nowonder过去分词:suggested,ordered,demanded,insisted,1.Itisorderedthathe_theexamination?A.takesB.hastotakeC.musttakeD.take2.Itisstrangethathe_youthis.A.wouldtellB.shouldtellC.hadtoldD.hastold,考点5虚拟语气a)主语从句中的虚拟语气,24,Wesuggestedthatthemeeting_A.shouldputoffB.beputoffC.wasputoffD.puttingoff,表示建议、要求、命令、坚持等动词suggest,insist,advise,propose,demand,require,request,order,command后的从句谓语动词用_,注意:suggest当表示“暗示、表明”讲时，insist表示“坚持认为”之意时，从句不用虚拟语气,(should)+do/bedone,Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathe_(was/be/is)satisfiedwithourwork.,was,考点5虚拟语气b)宾语从句中的虚拟语气,25,a.IwishI_(know)theanswernow.,b.Iwishhe_(pass)theexamyesterday.,c.IwishI_(fly)tothemooninafewyears.,1.对现在虚拟时，that从句中谓语用过去时,2.对过去虚拟时，用had过去分词,3.对将来虚拟时，用would(might等)动词原形,knew,hadpassed,wouldfly,考点5虚拟语气b)宾语从句中的虚拟语气,26,在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即_,Hissuggestionthatyou_oncemoresoundsreasonable.A.tryB.triesC.musttryD.cantry2.Theordergivenbythecommanderwasthatthey_untilthecommanderallowedtheyto.A.stoppedB.didntstopC.stopD.notstop,考点5虚拟语气c)表语和同位语从句中的虚拟语气,(should)+do/bedone,27,1.Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.2.Thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillheldoursportsmeeting.3.Itisobvioustothestudentswhethertheyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.4.Itdoesntmatterthatyouwillcomeornot.,it,It,that,whether,找出下列句子中的错误,当主语从句较长，而谓语较短时，常常将从句_，而用it作为形式主语置于句首。it也可作形式宾语。,后置,考点6it作形式主语和形式宾语,28,用it作形式主语的结构(1)Itis名词从句Itisafactthat事实是Itisanhonorthat非常荣幸Itiscommonknowledgethat是常识(2)Itis形容词从句(多用should)Itisnaturalthat很自然Itisstrangethat奇怪的是,考点6it作形式主语和形式宾语,29,(3)Itis不及物动词从句Itseemsthat似乎Ithappenedthat碰巧Itappearsthat似乎(4)Itis过去分词从句Itisreportedthat据报道Ithasbeenprovedthat已证实Itissaidthat据说,考点6it作形式主语和形式宾语,30,1）Itiscertainthathewillcome.2）ItissaidthatsomeAmericanfriendswillvisitourschoolnextweek.3）Ithappenedthatwewereoutforawalkyesterdayevening.,考点6it作形式主语和形式宾语,31,在宾语从句中,如果宾语从句后有宾语补足语，为了保持句子平衡,用it作形式宾语,将从句放于句尾,常用于此句型的动词有:make,find,see,hear,feel,think.1）Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.2）Ithinkitapitytowastethefood.,考点6it作形式主语和形式宾语,32,考点7同位语从句的引导和辨别,1.同位语从句的格式：n.+连接词+从句2.能接同位语从句的名词有：fact,idea,news,information,order,belief,advice,suggestion等抽象名词3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用whether,what,when,where等来引导同位语从句。,33,1)Ihavenoidea_hecomesfrom.2)Hecantanswerthequestion_hegotthemoney.3)Hegaveusmanysuggestions_weshouldgetupearlierandtakemoreexercise.4)Ihavenodoubt_hewillwin.5)Ihavesomedoubt_hewillwin.,that/whether/where/how,where,how,that,that,whether,考点7同位语从句的引导和辨别,34,4.同位语从句和定语从句的区别,考点7同位语从句的引导和辨别,同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词;定语从句所修饰、限定的名词或代词有抽象的也有不抽象的。,WeexpressthehopethattheywillcometovisitChinaagain.Thosewhowanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere.,35,1)Thenewsthathetoldusmadeushappy.2)Thenewsthatwewonthegamemadeushappy.3)Wewillconsiderthesuggestionthatweshouldbuildanewlibrary.4)Wewillconsiderthesuggestionthatheputforwardatthemeeting.,同位语从句or定语从句?,定语从句,同位语从句,定语从句,同位语从句,考点7同位语从句的引导和辨别,36,5)ThenewsthathetoldmeisthatMikewouldgoabroadnextyear.6)ThenewsthatMikewouldgoabroadnextyearistoldbyhim.7)SheexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometovisitShanghaiagain.8)Thehope(that)sheexpressedisthattheywouldcometovisitShanghaiagain.,定语从句,同位语从句,同位语从句,定语从句,考点7同位语从句的引导和辨别,同位语从句or定语从句?,37,请看这两句有什么不同？ThenewsthatMr.Li