安徽省五河县2020高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解九月选练（五）

安徽五河县2020高考英语阅读理解九月选练（五）阅读理解。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A German study suggests that people who were too optimistic about their future actually faced greater risk of disability or death within 10 years than those pessimists who expected their future to be worse.The paper, published this March in Psychology and Aging, examined health and welfare surveys from roughly 40,000 Germans between ages 18 and 96.The surveys were conducted every year from 1993 to 2020.Survey respondents (受访者) were asked to estimate their present and future life satisfaction on a scale of 0 to 10, among other questions.The researchers found that young adults (age 18 to 39) routinely overestimated their future life satisfaction, while middleaged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future.Adults of 65 and older, however, were far more likely to underestimate their future life satisfaction.Not only did they feel more satisfied than they thought they would, the older pessimists seemed to suffer a lower ratio (比率) of disability and death for the study period.“We observed that being too optimistic in predicting a better future than actually observed was associated with a greater risk of disability and a greater risk of death within the following decade，” wrote Frieder RLang, a professor at the University of ErlangenNuremberg.Lang and his colleagues believed that people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions than people who expected a rosy future.“Seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions(预防措施)，”the authors wrote.Surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline.Also, the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability.The authors of the study noted that there were limitations to their conclusions.Illness, medical treatment and personal loss could also have driven health outcomes.However, the researchers said a pattern was clear.“We found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic，” the authors concluded.1According to the study, who made the most accurate prediction of their future life satisfaction?AOptimistic adults. BMiddleaged adults.CAdults in poor health. DAdults of lower income.解析细节理解题。由文章第四段第一句话“The researchers found that young adults (age 18 to 39) routinely overestimated their future life satisfaction, while middleaged adults (age 40 to 64) more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future.”可知中年人可以更加精确地预测他们的未来。故选B项。答案B.2Pessimism may be positive in some way because it causes people_.Ato fully enjoy their present lifeBto estimate their contribution accuratelyCto take measures against potential risksDto value health more highly than wealth解析细节理解题。由第六、七段中的关键信息“.people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions.”及“.contribute to taking improved precautions(预防措施).”可知对未来持悲观态度的人会对他们的行动更加小心并且采取一些预防措施，故选C项。答案C.3How do people of higher income see their future?AThey will earn less money.BThey will become pessimistic.CThey will suffer mental illness.DThey will have less time to enjoy life.解析细节理解题。由第八段第一句话“Surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline.”可知工资高的人会预料他们未来工资的下降，故选A项。答案A.。4What is the clear conclusion of the study?APessimism guarantees chances of survival.BGood financial condition leads to good health.CMedical treatment determines health outcomes.DExpectations of future life satisfaction decline with age.解析推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句话“We found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic，the authors concluded.”可知对未来生活满意度的预测随年龄的增长而下降。答案D.。2020高考训练题。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Whenever we turn on the TV or radio, read the newspapers, surf the Internet, well be surrounded by the word diet everywhere. We have so easily been attracted by the promise of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically（心理上地）and physically.Its obvious that diet products weaken us psychologically. They allow us to jump over the thinking stage that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fat. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word diet in food labels.Whats more, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves that we dont have to work to get resultsDiet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle.As a matter of fact, the danger that diet products bring not only lies in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm they cause. Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie. oaly because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products, And they can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are stopping our bodies having basic nutrients. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemicalsthat go into diet products are potentially dangerous.Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Think twice before buying diet products. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, 3rd therefore, prevent the psychological and physical harm that comes from using them.1. From Paragraph 1，we learn thatA. diet products are in our daily life B. people have trouble choosfng diet productsC. people should put up with diet products D. diet products are misleading people2. The psychological effect of diet products is that people tend toA. hesitate before they enjoy diet foods B, pay attention to their daily dietC. watch their weight rather than their diet D. try out varieties of diet foods3. The underlined part in Paragraph 3 probably meansA. diet products cause no pain B, it costs a lot to.lose weightC. losing weight is effortless D. diet products are free of fat and calories4Diet products indirectly harm people physically because such productsA. are over-consumed B. are short of basic nutrientsC. lack chemicals D. provide too much energy参考答案14、 DCCB【北京市丰台区2020统一模拟】BCar TalkWhen I got the driving license last summer, Mom and I took our first trip around an empty parking lot. Then I found that my mother was not the best teacher for me. It wasnt that she shouted, or told me that I was doing poorly. As you can imagine, my mothers helpful instructions only managed to make me more nervous.Since I could no longer practice with her, the job was placed in the hands of my father. The idea of learning from Dad was not one that thrilled me. I loved him dearly, but I just did not see Dad as someone I could be comfortable learning from. He almost never talked. We shared a typical father-daughter relationship. Hed ask how school was, and Id say it was fine. Unfortunately, that was the most of our conversations. Spending hours alone with someone who might as well have been a stranger really scared me.As we got into the car that first time, I was not surprised at what happened. Dad and I drove around, saying almost nothing, aside from a few instructions on how to turn. As my lessons went on, however, things began to change. Dad would turn the radio up so I could fully appreciate his favorite Stones music. And he actually began talking. I was soon hearing about past failed dates, basic body gym class, and other tales from his past, including some of his first meeting withMom.Dad s sudden chattiness was shocking until I thought about why he was telling me so much in the car. In all the years that I had wondered why my father never spoke that much, I had never stopped to consider that it was because I had never bothered to listen. Homework, friends, and even TV had all called me away from him, and, consequently, I never thought my quiet father had anything to say.Since I began driving with him, my driving skill has greatly increased. More important, though, is that my knowledge of who my father is has also increased. Just living with him wasnt enoughit took driving with him for me to get to know someone who was a mystery.59. The author couldnt practice driving with her mother because .A. she couldnt talk with her mother B. her father wanted to teach herC. her mother made her nervous D. she didnt trust her mother60. At first, the idea of learning driving from her father made her .A. happy B. uneasy C. satisfied D. disappointed61. What surprised the author when the driving lessons went on?A. Her Dad liked modern music. B. Her Dad was the best teacher.C. Her Dad was a chatty person. D. Her Dad told her his sad stories.62. With her story Car Talk, the author indicates that .A. fathers love their daughters dearlyB. mothers are less patient than fathersC. family members need real communicationD. it takes time to improve the father-daughter relationship【参考答案】59. C 60. B 61. C 62. C【北京市丰台区2020统一模拟】CNow Hear ThisWhat do former American president Bill Clinton and rock musician Pete Townshend have in common.? Both men have hearing damage from exposure to loud music, and both now wear hearing aids as a consequence. As a teenager, Clinton played saxophone in a band. Townshend, who has the more severe hearing loss, was a guitarist for a band called the Who. He is one of the first rock musicians to call the publics attention to the problem of hearing loss from exposure to loud music.Temporary hearing loss can happen after only 15 minutes of listening to loud music. One early warning sign is when your ears begin to feel warm while you listen to music at a rock concert or through headphones. One later is that an unusual sound or a ringing is sometimes produced in your head after the concert.What happens is that the hair cells in the inner ear are damaged, but theyre not dead, says physician and ear specialist Dr. Sam Levine. According to Dr. Levine, if you avoid further exposure to loud noise, its possible to recondition the cells somewhat. However, he adds, Eventually, over a long period of time, hair cells are permanently damaged. And this is no small problem.What sound level is dangerous? According to Dr. Levine, regular exposure to noise above 85 decibels (分贝) is considered dangerous. The chart below offers a comparison of decibel levels to certain sounds. Heres another measurement you can use. If youre at a rock concert and the music is so loud that you have to shout to make yourself heard, you re at risk for hearing loss. Thats when wearing protective devices such as earplugs becomes critical.The facts are pretty frightening. But are rock bands turning down the volume.? Most arent. Rock music is supposed to be loud, says drummer Andrew Sather. I wouldnt have it any other way. And neither would the real fans of rock. Continued exposure to loud music and the failure to wear earplugs can lead to deafness, according to Dr. Levine. He states, Theres no cure for hearing loss. Your ears are trying to tell you something. That ringing is the scream of your hair cells dying. Each time that happens, more and more damage is done. Levels of Common NoisesNormal conversation 50 65 dBFood blender 88 dBJet plane flying above a person standing outside 103 dBRock band during a concert 110 140 dB63. From Paragraph 1, we can learn that .A. loud music is a major cause of hearing lossB. famous people tend to have hearing problemsC. teenagers should stay away from school bandsD. the problem of hearing damage is widely known64. In Paragraph 3, the underlined word recondition means .A. not to be seen B. to fill with soundC. to become larger in size D. to make good again65. The purpose of the chart at the end of the article is to show .A. a list of harmful soundsB. the effect of rock concertsC. the noise levels of familiar soundsD. relationship between daily activities and hearing loss66. Which of the following statements will Dr. Sam Levine probably agree?A. When your ears feel warm, your hair cells are dead.B. Drummer Andrew Sather gives good advice.C. Many are taking the risk of losing hearing.D. Doctors know how to cure hearing loss.【参考答案】63. A 64. D 65. B 66. C阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。Life is not a beauty contest.We all focus on our imperfections(瑕疵)In fact，you should see yourself in a proper way.Its necessary for you to know that self knowledge(自知之明)is the most important beauty secret.Dont hate yourself for wanting to be beautiful.Goodlooking people get special treatment from strangers，employers and even their own mothers.Were not even close to our objective when it comes to judging our own looks.Other people see the whole package.But when we look in the mirror，were likely to pay attention to imperfections.For example, that bump(凸起)on your friends nose. Its her feature！It gives her character！But to you，that thing on your nose is completely ugly.Our opinions of our own looks are also changeable.So if we cant trust the judgment of ourselves，or the words of friends and family which can take away our doubts，were left to the cool judgment of strangers to satisfy our curiosity about our appearances.The website“Hot or Not”，which lets people hand their photos in for others to judge，had nearly 2 million daily page views within a week in 2000.But its not the best way to improve the judgment of yourself because you have no confidence yet in your mind.Everyone may pay too much attention to his or her own appearance，and at the same time worry about being criticized.If you are particularly attentive to your body，or if you feel uncomfortable in public，you are certainly hotter than you think.And we all have the ability to change how other people judge us without changing our looks.When you believe that you look good，others will see you in a more favorable way.Improve your impression from the inside.Understanding your own advantages can help you stop worrying about your appearance and look better.1What can we infer from the first paragraph?AWe should focus on our advantages.BDont be cheated by others praise.CJudging onese