山西省太原双语中学2020届高考英语 专题精选阅读理解强化训练集（五十五）

山西省太原双语中学2020届高考英语专题精选阅读理解强化训练集（五十五）阅读理解AA new generation addiction is quickly spreading all over the worldWeboholism, a twentieth century disease, affects people from different agesThey surf the net, use e-mail and speak in chat roomsThey spend many hours on the computer, and it becomes a compulsive habitThey cannot stop, and it affects their livesTen years ago, no one thought that using computers could become compulsive behavior that could affect the social and physical life of computer usersThis obsessional behavior has affected teenagers and college studentsThey are likely to log on computers and spend long hours at different websitesThey become hooked on computers and gradually their social and school life is affected by this situationThey spend all free time surfing and dont concentrate on homework, so this addiction influences their grades and success at schoolBecause they can find everything on the websites, they hang out thereMoreover, this addiction to websites influences their social lifeThey spend more time in front of computers than with their friendsThe relation with their friends changesThe virtual life becomes more important than their real lifeThey have a new language that they speak in the chat rooms and it causes cultural changes in societyBecause of the change in their behavior, they begin to isolate themselves from the society and live with their virtual friendsThey share their emotions and feelings with friends who they have never met in their lifeAlthough they feel confident on the computer, they are not confident with real life friends they have known all their lifeIt is a problem for the futureThis addictive behavior is beginning to affect all the world1The main idea of the passage is about _Athe cause of weboholism Bthe advantage of weboholismCthe popularity of weboholism Dthe influence of weboholism2The underlined word “obsessional” in the second paragraph most probably means _Aattractive Baddictive Cprofessional Dpotential3We can infer from the passage that _Aweboholism has the greatest effect on teenagersBstudents can hardly balance real and virtual lifeCpeople are addicted to games on the InternetDvirtual life is more vivid and attractive anyway4Which of the following is NOT true of weboholism?AIt contributes to the development of the webBThe chat room language may change social cultureCThe problem will be getting more and more serious laterDPeople addicted to the web often become inactive in real lifeBThe appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effectsConsumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisementFor example, some advertisers have appealed to peoples desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileageSome of the products workOthers are worthless and a waste of consumers moneySometimes advertising is intentionally misleadingA few years ago a brand of bread was offered to dieters （节食者） with the message that there were fewer calories in every sliceIt turned out that the bread was not dietetic （适合于节食的）, but just regular breadThere were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loafOn the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumers real concernsConsider fire insuranceFire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of lossBut fear of loss is the real reason for fire insuranceThe security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most peopleIf consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertisingEach consumer must evaluate her or his own situationAre the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the productConsumers still control the final buying decision5Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by _Astressing their high qualityBconvincing him of their low priceCmaintaining a balance between quality and priceDappealing to his buying motives6The reason why the bread advertisement is misleading is that _Athin slices of bread could contain more caloriesBthe loaf was cut into regular slicesCthe bread was not genuine breadDthe total number of calories in the loaf remained the same7Which statement is True according to the passage?Asometimes advertisements really sell what the consumer needs Badvertisements occasionally force consumers into buying things they dont needCthe buying motives of consumers are controlled by advertisementsDfire insurance is seldom a worthwhile investment8It can be inferred from the passage that a smart consumer should _Athink carefully about the benefits described in the advertisementsBguard against the deceiving nature of advertisementsCbe familiar with various advertising strategiesDavoid buying products that have strong emotional appealCThe way we do things round hereSome years ago, I was hired by an American bankI received a letter from the head of the Personnel Department that started, 高考资源网 John, I am quite pleased that you have decided to join us That quite saddened meI thought he was saying were kind of pleased you decided to join us although I wish we had hired someone else Then I discovered that in American English quite sometimes means very, while in British English it means fairlySo the first lesson about working in other countries is to learn the language and by that I dont just mean the words people speakIt is body language, dress, manners, ideas and so onThe way people do things highlights many of the differences we see between cultures（文化）Some of these differences may be only on the surface-dress, food and hours of work-while others may be deeper and take longer to deal withMostly, it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting them, like the climate（气候），while getting on with businessSome of the differences may be an improvementPeople are more polite; the service is better; you ask for something to be done and it happens without having to ask againHowever, other differences can be troubling, like punctuality（准时）If you invite people to a party at 7 oclock your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany, five minutes early in theAmerican Midwest, an hour early in Japan, 15 minutes afterwards in the UK, up to an hour afterwards in Italy and some time in the evening in GreeceI prefer not to use the word late because there is nothing wrong with the times people arriveIt is simply the accepted thing to do in their own country9The author was unhappy as mentioned in Paragraph 1 because he thought_Athe American bank didnt think much of himBthe American bank might hire another personCits difficult to get used to American cultureDits easy to misunderstand Americans10The word highlights in Paragraph 2 probably means_Aencourages Bhelps to narrowCincreases Ddraws attention to11According to the author, what should we do with most cultural differences?AAsk the native people for helpBUnderstand and accept themCDo things in our own wayDDo in-depth research12When invited to a party the people who are usually punctual are_AItalians BGermans CGreeks Dthe BritishDIn a world with limited land, water and other natural resources （资源）, the harm from the traditional business model is on the riseActually, the past decades has seen more and more forests disappearing and globe becoming increasingly warmPeople now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable （可持续的） waysThat means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable productsIn other words, we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resourcesToday, sustainable development is a proper trend in many countriesAccording to a recent study, the global market for low-carbon energy will become three times bigger over the next decadesChina, for example, has set its mind on leading that market, hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy revolutionIt is now trying hard to make full use of wind and solar energy, and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and high-speed trainsIn addition, we are also seeing great growth in the global markets for sustainable products such as palm oil （棕榈油）， which is produced without cutting down valuable rainforestIn recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown by more than 50%Governments can fully develop the potential of these new marketsFirst, they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions （排放） and targets for saving and reusing energyBesides, stronger arrangement of public resources like forests can also help to speed up the developmentFinally, governments can avoid the huge expenses that are taking us in the wrong direction, and redirecting some of those expenses can accelerate the change from traditional model to a sustainable oneThe major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of growing population within the limits if this single planetThat is no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries13The traditional business model is harmful because of all the following EXCEPT that _AIt makes the world warmer Bit consumes natural resourcesCit brings severe damage to forests Dit makes growth hard to continue14What can we infer from Paragraph 2?AChina lacks wind and solar energyBChina is the leader of the low-carbon marketCHigh-speed trains are a low-carbon developmentDPalm oil is made at the cost of valuable forests15To full develop the low-carbon markets, government can _Acut public expenses Bforbid carbon emissionCdevelop public resources Dencourage energy conservation16What is the main purpose of the passage?ATo introduce a new business modelBTo compare two business modelsCTo predict a change of the global marketDTo advocate sustainable developmentEHuman remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain, a group of leading archeologists （考古学家） saysIn a letter addressed to the justice secretary, Ken Clarke, 40 archaeologists write of their “deep and widespread concern” about the issueIt centers on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2020 which requires all human remains unearthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years, regardless of their ageThe decision means scientists have too little time to study bones and other human remains of national and cultural significance“Your current requirement that all archaeologically unearthed human remains should be reburied, whether after a standard period of two years or a further special extension, is contrary to basic principles of archaeological and scientific research and of museum practice,” they writeThe law applies to any pieces of bone uncovered at around 400 dig sites, including the remains of 60 or so bodies found at Stonehenge in 2020 that date back to 3,000 BCArchaeologists have been granted a temporary extension to give them more time, but eventually the bones will have to be returned to the groundThe arrangements may result in the waste of future discoveries at sites such as Happisburgh in Norfolk, where digging is continuing after the discovery of stone tools made by early humans 950,000 years agoIf human remains were found at Happisburgh, they would be the oldest in northern Europe and the first indication of what this species wasUnder the current practice of the law those remains would have to be reburied and effectively destroyedBefore 2020, guidelines allowed for the proper preservation and study of bones of sufficient age and historical interest, while the Burial Act 1857 applied to more recent remainsThe Ministry of Justice assured archaeologists two years ago that the law was temporary, but has so far failed to revise itMike Parker Pearson, an archaeologist at Sheffield University, said: “Archaeologists have been extremely patient because we were led to believe the ministry was sorting out this problem, but we feel that we cannot wait any longer”The ministry has no guidelines