高考英语一轮复习 Unit11—Unit12知识梳理

Units 1112知识梳理A 词汇单词suggestion，instrument，performer，characteristic，traditional，universal，emotion，musician，intelligence，literature，comedy，exhibition，power，magic，forehead，treat，habit，shoulder，whisper，stupid，announcement，character，miserable，satisfy，desire，process，variety，express，villager，local，series词组turninto，turn around，believe in，come across，in trouble，in common，a series of，usedto，a variety of，on the other hand，fight against，grow up，live alife语法被动语态when African slaves were bought to the USand will always be loved by his fans定语从句Do you know the girl who is under the tree?I have two sisters, who are both students交际用语What can you suggest? Have you considered doing?Can I ask you for some advice? HowWhat about?Maybe we couldId prefer toI suggest thatWhich do you prefer，or?Thats a good ideaCant we?Maybe it would be better to常用句型Hip-hop and rap have much in common with blues and rockOpen your ears to the sounds of the worldRock and pop music are becoming more and more similarWhere someone is born and what a person looks like is not as important as what he or she grows up tobeIt is not enough to be strong in heart and mindIt sounded like a woman cryingIf only they could find a way to get to the roomB 辨析词语1suggestion/advice二者均可作“建议”解释。但是，advice是不可数名词，只能说a piece of advice，a bit of advice，some advice等，作“忠告”“劝告”“意见”解释，常用于give advice, take advice,follow advice。suggestion是可数名词，作“建议”“要求”解释，常用于make suggestion。例：You should takefollow his advice你应当听他的劝告。I went there onat your suggestion我是根据你的建议到那里去的。advice的动词形式是advise，常用于advise doing，advise sbto do。suggestion的动词形式是suggest，常用于suggest+名词代词，suggest doing。建议某人做某事可说成advise sbto do sth，但不可用suggest sbto do sth例：I advisesuggest waiting till the proper time我建议你适当时机再行动。I advise you to leave now我建议你现在就离开。2kindsorttypevariety四词均有种类之意，多数情况下可以通用。但是，kind意为“(动植物等的)类，属，种类”，指确实具有共同性质或特征的事物或人所形成的种类。sort意为“(人或物的)类、群”，指大体相似的人或事物所形成的种类，在实际运用中，经常与kind通用。type意为“(事物或人的)类型”，与kind相当，指“人的类型或种类”时，含有蔑视之意；指机器，车辆等的型号时，不能与kind或sort通用，指同类中的分类事物。a variety of意为“各式各样的”。例：What kindsort of fruit do you like best of all?你最喜欢哪种水果?Lanlan is the kindsort of girl who is always ready to help others兰兰是那种总愿意帮助别人的女孩。Cotton is a typekindsort of material棉花是一种材料。What type of blood do you belong to?你属于哪种血型?This shop has a variety of toys这家商店有各式各样的玩具。3pickchooseselectpick意为“精选”，尤指仔细挑剔和苛刻地选择，多指挑选有形的东西；choose意为“选择”“挑选”，是最普通的用语；select意为“精选挑选”，指从同类的许多东西中仔细辨别后选择，挑选最合适的。例：Will you help me pick strawberries?你帮我挑选一下草莓，好吗?You can choose a book from these你可以从这些书中选一本。He selected a shirt to match his suit他挑选了一件与他的西装相配的衬衫。4may bemaybemay be中的may是情态动词，有过去时might的变化形式，与be一起作谓语，表示推测，意为“也许是” “可能是”，可用于肯定句或否定句。例：He may be right他可能是对的。Tom may not be in the classroom汤姆可能不在教室。maybe是副词，意为“大概、或许”(=perhaps)，在句中作状语，但英国人习惯上用perhaps，maybe多见于美国英语中。例：MaybePerhaps youII have better luck next time或许下次你会交好运的。5believebelieve inbelieve作及物动词时，后常跟that从句或复合宾语，作“相信“认为”解释，表示相信某人说的话或做的事、相信某事是真实的。例：She believed what he said她相信他的话。I dont believe he can fix the bike我认为他修不好这辆自行车。believe in作“相信“信赖“信仰”解释，相信的程度比believe深。例：I believe in him我信任他。He believes in God他信仰上帝。6acrossthroughover三者均有“穿过” “越过”之意。但是，across表示动作在某物的表面进行；through表示动作在某一空间内进行；over表示从某物的上方越过。表示穿过、横过街道或开阔地等时，over和across可以互换。例：At last we succeeded in swimming across the river最后我们成功地游过了那条河。This road goes through the forest这条路穿过森林。Take these letters over to the post office，please请把这些信送到对面的邮局去。C 识记句型1 Can you help me decide what to buy for Petes birthday?2 What do you have in mind?3 Hip-hop and rap have much in common with blues and rock4 It has always been popular in Spanish-speaking countries5 Rock singers，on the other hand，make music their life6 Have you ever tried doing a magic trick?7 Harry seems like a normal boy，but his life is miserable8 Tom also learns to be brave and to do things he used to be afraid of9 Together with his friends，John learns that it is not always easy to do what is right10You must believe in what you do and who you are if you want to succeed in the world11 He was just about to say something when Pete turned aroundD 触类旁通1If you want to change for a double room，youll have to pay $15Aanother BotherCmore Deach【答案】A【解析】other意为“另外的，别的”；each意为“各自”，这两个词义都与题干的意思不相符，而another+数词+名词=“数词+more+名词”意为“又”。2Ive got I am by hard workNo,you didntYou got with your fathers money.Athere；where Bwhere；thereCthere；there Dwhere；where【答案】 B【解析】这是一个含有从句的句子。第一句中where作宾语从句的引导词；第二句后半部分不是从句，因为没有谓语动词，故只能用there。3She found her calculator she lost itAwhere BwhenCin which Dthat【答案】A【解析】 这是一个含有地点状语从句的主从复合句，其意思是：东西是在丢的地方找到的。where和“介词+which”都可以引导定语从句，但“介词+which”不可引导地点状语从句。4He told_ he had done in the pastAall that Ball whichCwhat all Dthat all【答案】 A【解析】本题旨在要求学生们学会分析句子成分。all为told的宾语，同时作that引导的定语从句的先行词。先行词为all时，引导词只能用that。C，D选项均不符合句子的结构。5 I meet him，he tries to borrow money from me.AEach time BEach time asCAt each time DEach time when【答案】A【解析】 由time构成的each time，every time，next time，any time及the moment，the minute，the second等短语，可以直接用作从属连词，引导时间状语从旬，其前不需要再加上介词，其后也不需要加上其他连词。考题回放1 Only after my friend came (2020福建卷)Adid the computer repair Bhe repaired the computerCwas the computer repairedDthe computer was repaired【答案】C【解析】only+时间状语置于句首，句式应用倒装结构，故排除B、D两项，而computer与repair构成被动关系，故正确答案为C项。2 You should make it a rule to leave things you can find them again(1999全国卷)Awhen BwhereCthen Dthere【答案】B【解析】此题考查引导状语从句的连词。where引导地点状语从句。3 canyou expect to get a pay rise(2000春季卷)AWith hard workBAlthoughCOnly with hard workDNow that he works hard【答案】C【解析】此题考查倒装结构。只能选择能引起倒装句的短语。4 The man will have to wait all day the doctor works faster(2001春季卷)Aif BunlessCwhether Dbut【答案】B【解析】 此题考查主从连词。unless意思是“如果不，除非”，if意思是“如果”whether和that通常引导名词从句。5 Alice，you feed the bird today， ?But I fed it yesterday(1999全国卷)Ado you Bwill youCdidnt you Ddont you【答案】B【解析】此题考查祈使句的反意疑问句。祈使句的反意疑问句用will you，如果是第一人称用shall we。基础训练1Can you tell me the difference the two words?Abetween BamongCin Dabout2Is it_ that he will go there by bus?Acertain BsureCcertain of Dsure of3Next time you come in，please close the doorAwhen B|Cthat Dat which4It is the first time that she has been here， ?Ahasnt it Bisnt itCisnt she Dhasnt she5He was in the countryAbrought up Bgrown upCfed Dgrow up6Their working conditions stayed the same ten years agoAas B1ikeCto Dwhat7Mr Smith warned his daughter after drinkingAnever to drive Bto never driveCnever driving Dnever drive8Do you like the sweater?Yes，it very softAfeels Bis feelingCis felt Dfelt9How did it that the car fell off the bridge into the river?Acome out Bcome aboutCcome across Dcome up10I wonder what difficulty he has the planAto carry out Bcarrying outCcarried out Dwith carrying out11We each a share of moneyAhas Bhas gotCwants to get Dhave got12Next month， you will be in your hometown，is comingAwhen BwhichCthat Dat which13Bamboo is used for buildingAnot more than Bnot any moreCmore than Donce more14I didnt mean you when I said that you should work hardA：to hurt BhurtingCto be hurt Dto harm参考答案与解析1A between用于两者之间，among用于三者或三者以上。2A考查certain与sure作表语时的区别。3B此题关键在in，所以选B。4B复合句后面接反意疑问句时，其结构根据主句的结构。5A C项与意义不符，grow up是不及物动词短语，故B，C，D均排除。bring up意为“抚养”。6A the same as是固定说法，意为“与一样”。7A warn sbnotnever to do sth警告某人不要干某事。8A feel为系动词，系动词没有进行时和被动语态。9B come out出版，结果是，出现；come across遇见；come about产生；come up问题被提出来。10B have difficulty(in)doing sth做某事有困难。11D此句的主语是we，each作同位语放在主语后面，不影响主谓一致。12A先行词为时间名词，定语从句中不缺主语、表语，故用when引导定语从句。13C more than在此处表示“不只是”“远不止”。14A mean to do sth表示“想要、打算做某事”；mean doing sth表示“意味着”。综合强化1 完形填空When you are learning English，you find 1 stupid totranslate an English 2 ，word for word，into your 3 languageTake 4 “How do you do”as an exampleIf you 5 each word in the dictionary， 6 at a time，what is your translation?It must be a 7 sentence in your own languageLanguages do not just have 8 sounds，they are different in many 9 as wellIt is important to 10 the rules for word order in the 11 of English，tooIf the 12 puts words in a 13 wrong order，the listener doesnt understand the speakers sentence 14 Sometimes when orders of words in an English sentence are 15 ，the meaning of the sentence 16 Lets see the difference between the 17 pairs of sentencesI visited only my teacher in the cityI visited my teacher only in the cityI have a desk lightI have a light desk18 when you are learning English，you 19 try your best to grasp the spirit of the language and use it 20 the native speakers do1Ayou BthatCit Dsomeone2Aword BsentenceClesson Dbook3Awritten BforeignCspoken Dnative4Asentence Bthe sentenceCa word Dthe word5Alook up Blook downClook for Dlook out6Asome BanyCone Devery7Agood BcorrectCwrong Dlong8Adifferent BsameCsimilar Duniversal9Awords BsentencesCbooks Dways10Awrite BmasterCtake Dtranslate11Astudy BbookCidioms Dcourse1 2Astudent BspeakerCteacher D1istener13Amuch BmoreCvery Dmany14Aeither BtooCeasily Dhardly15Aspoken BwrittenCused Dchanged16Aused BchangesCspeaks Dis changing17Aabove BbelowCover Dtwo18ASo BAndCBecause DBut19Amay BcanCwill Dmust20Alike BasCif Dwhen参考答案与解析1C纯语法题。it此处作形式宾语。2B根据下文可知，此处指英文句子。3D第7空后的in your own language可作为提示，native language意为mother tongue。4B特指How do you do?这个句子。5A此处指查阅词典或参考书。6C表示逐字查阅。7C根据上下文看，此处应指“不妥”。8A句意为：语言不仅仅有不同的发音。9D指上下文中所谈论的几个方面。10B master意为“掌握”。第19空后的grasp可作为提示。11A指在英语学习中，词序很重要。12B与后面的listener相对应。13C纯语法题，修饰原级形容词，表程度，用very。14C根据句意判断。15D句意为：若词序发生变化，则句意也会随之改变。16B同第15空一起理解。17D下文很明显有两组句子。18A用以承接上下文。19D表示必须做的事情。20B as意为“像一样”，like虽也有此意，但一般不能引导从句。2 阅读理解A person，like a commodity(商品)，needs packaging(包装)But going too far is absolutely undesirableA little exaggeration，however，does no harm when it shows the persons unique(独特)qualities to their advantagesTo show personal attractiveness in a casual and natural way，it is important for one to have a clear knowledge of oneselfA skilled packager knows how to add art to nature without any signs of embellishment(装饰)，so that the person packaged is not a commodity but a human being，lively and lovelyA young person，especially a female，shining with beauty and full of life，has all the favor granted by GodAny attempt to make up would be self-defeatingYouth，however，comes and goes in a flashPackaging for the middle-aged is primariry to hide the marks made by yearsIf you still enjoy life enough to keep self-confidence and work at pioneering work，you are unique in your natural qualities，and your attractiveness and grace will remainElderly people are beautiful if their river of life has been，through plains，mountains and j ungles，running its course as it shouldYou have really lived your life，which now arrives at a self-satisfied stage of quietness and calmness with no interest in fame or wealthThere is no need to make use of hair dyeingThe snowcapped mountain is itself a beautiful scene of fairylandLet your looks c