Grammar focus

Unit5,Grammarfocus,Whatweretheydoingwhenitbegantorain?,Theywereplayingcomputergameswhenitbegantorain.,Theywereplayingchesswhenitbegantorain.,Theywereplayingfootballwhenitbegantorain.,WhileJakewassleeping,whatdidhisbrotherdo?,Heplayedbasketball.,WhenJakewassleeping,hisbrotherplayedbasketball.,Whiletheyweredancing,thetelephonerang.,Whenthetelephonerang,theyweredancing.,Whiletheyweredancing,whathappened?,Hewassingingwhenthebabystartedtocry.,Whilehewassinging,thebabystartedtocry.,Whilehewaswalking,ataxicame.,Hewaswalkingwhenataxicame.,Bothofthemmean“当的时候”.,Aretheythesame?No！,whenandwhile,when,when引导的时间状语从句可以表示一个时间点,也可以表示一个时间段。从句中可以用短暂性动词，也可以用延续性动词。Itwassnowingwhenwegottotheairport.我们到达机场时，天正下着雪。MykeydroppedonthegroundwhenIwaswalkinginthepark.我在公园散步时，钥匙掉在了地上。,while引导的时间状语从句常指一个时间段,从句中的动词常为延续性的。while有时还可表示主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生。Whilehewasreading,thephonerang.他正在看书时，电话铃响了。Somestudentswerereadingwhileotherswerewriting.一些学生在读书，另一些学生在写字。,while,1)若从句是一个短暂性动作，主句是一个持续性动作，可用when但不用while：Itwasraininghardwhenwearrived.我们到达时正下着大雨。2)表示主、从句正在进行的动作或状态的对比时多用while：Whileshewasmakingaphonecall,Iwaswritingaletter.,when和while的区别,3)when可用作并列连词，表示“这时(突然)”，但while不可以；while可以用作并列连词，表示“而、却”(表示对比)，但when没有这种用法。Wewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain.Helikescoffee,whileshelikestea.,Practice,1.I_(watch)TVwhenshe_(call).2.Whenthephone_(ring),she_(write)aletter.3.Whilewe_(have)apicnic,it_(start)torain.4.WhileJohn_(sleep)lastnight,someone_(steal)hiscar.,waswatching,called,rang,waswriting,werehaving,started,wassleeping,stole,5.Whilewe_(wait)forthebus,agirl_(run)uptous.6.I_(telephone)afriendwhenBob_(come)in.7.Whilemother_(make)thebed,thedoorbell_(ring).8.We_(test)thenewmachinewhentheelectricity_(go)off.,werewaiting,wasrunning,wasphoning,came,weretesting,went,wasmaking,rang,Translation,TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.,1.当开始下雨的时候，我正和朋友们在操场上打篮球。,Iwasplayingbasketballwithmyfriendsintheplaygroundwhenitstartedtorain.,2.我当时甚至不知道我正在做什么。,IdidnotevenknowwhatIwasdoingatthattime.,3.当我妈妈在做晚饭的时候，我在卧室做作业。,Iwasdoingmyhomeworkinthebedroomwhilemymotherwascookingsupper.,4.当我今天早上看到她时，她正急匆匆地赶去上班。,WhenIsawherthismorning,shewasinagreathurrytogotowork.,()1.Mary_adresswhenshecutherfinger.A.madeB.ismakingC.wasmakingD.makes,Practice,解析：割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，when表时间的同时性，“玛丽在做衣服时”提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。,C,()2.Whileshe_thenewspaper,Granny_asleep.A.read;wasfallingB.wasreading;fellC.wasreading;wasfallingD.read;fell,解析：while“当之时”。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为“在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了”。句中的fell(fall的过去时)是系动词，后跟形容词，如fallsick。过去进行时的基本用法:表示过去某个时刻或时间正在进行过持续进行的动作,句中往往需要有时间状语来表示这一特定的时间。Whatweretheydoingjustnow?他们刚才在干什么?,B,4a,Lookatthetableandwritesentenceswithbothwhileandwhen.,WhileJohnwastakingphotos,Maryboughtadrink.JohnwastakingphotoswhenMaryboughtadrink.,WhileJohnwasplayingthepiano,Maryleftthehouse./JohnwasplayingthepianowhenMaryleftthehouse.,WhileJohnwascleaninghisroom,Maryturnedontheradio./JohnwascleaninghisroomwhenMaryturnedontheradio.,WhileJohnwasshopping,Marytookthecartothecarwash./JohnwasshoppingwhenMarytookthecartothecarwash.,4b,Fillintheblankswithwas,were,whenorwhile.,At7:00a.m.,Iwokeup._I_makingmybreakfast,mybrother_listeningtotheradio._Iwaseating,theradionewstalkedaboutacaraccidentnearourhome.MybrotherandIwentoutrightawaytohavealook._wegottotheplaceoftheaccident,thecar_,while,was,was,While,When,was,inbadshapefromhittingatree.Butluckily,thedriver_fine.Theroads_icybecauseoftheheavysnowfromthenightbefore.,was,were,(2011邵阳)Wedidntgohome_theoldmanwassenttothehospital.A.untilB.whenC.while(2011梧州)ImetagoodfriendofminewhileI_onthestreetA.walksB.walkC.waswalkingD.amwalking,A,C,Whatwereyoudoingat9oclocklastnight?,Iwasdoingsomehousework.,Iwashavingdinner.,Askandanswer.,Whatwereyoudoingbetween7oclockand9oclockyesterday?,Iwasdoingmyhomework.,IwaswatchingTV.,Whatwasyourfatherdoingwhenyoucamebackhomeyesterday?,Hewascooking.,Whatwasyourbrotherdoingwhenyousawhimhalfanhourago?,Hewasplayingcomputergames.,WhatwasTomdoingatthattimelastSunday?,Hewasplayingthepiano.,Hewasridingabike.,HowaboutDavid?,Whatweretheydoingatthattimelastweek?,Theywereshopping.,Howaboutthem?,Theywerehavingapicnic.,(过去进行时),过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。过去进行时由was/were+动词-ing形式构成。,PastProgressiveTense,1.过去进行时的各种句式:,肯定句:主语+was/were+动词-ing形式,否定句:主语+was/were+not+动词-ing形式,Iwasreadingatthistimeyesterday.昨天这个时候我正在看书。,Iwasntreadingatthistimeyesterday.昨天这个时候我没在看书。,疑问句:(1)一般疑问句:was/were+主语+动词-ing形式。肯定回答:Yes,主语+was/were.否定回答:No,主语+wasnt/werent.如：,Wereyoureadingatthistimeyesterday?昨天这个时候你在看书吗？Yes,Iwas./No,Iwasnt.是的,我在看。/不,我没在看。,(2)特殊疑问句:疑问词+was/were+主语+动词-ing形式。如：,Whatwereyoudoingatthistimeyesterday?昨天这个时候你在做什么？WhatwasheresearchingalldaylastSunday?上周日他一整天都在研究什么？,(1)表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作,常与时间状语atthattime,atthatmoment,atthistimeyesterday,attenoclockyesterday等连用。如：,2.过去进行时的用法基本用法:,Wereyouplayingbasketballatfouryesterdayafternoon?昨天下午四点你们在打篮球吗?,(2)表示在过去一段时间内持续进行的动作(有时也可以有间歇)。如：,WewerewatchingTVfromseventoninelastnight.昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。Shewassingingfrom7:00to7:30lastnight.她昨晚七点至七点半在唱歌。,特殊用法,(1)常用于介绍故事的背景。如:,(2)when引导的从句表示一个短暂的时间点,谓语动词用一般过去时,主句用一般过去时或过去进行时；while引导的从句表示一段持续的时间,主句为一般过去时,从句谓语动词用过去进行时。如：,OnceanArabwastravelinginthedesert.从前,有个阿拉伯人在沙漠中旅行。,(3)过去进行时常与always,continually等连用,表示过去反复发生的行为动作，带有赞美、厌烦等感情色彩。如：,Iwaswritingaletterwhenhecamein.当他进来时，我正在写信。Thetelephonerangwhileshewaswashing.当她正在洗衣服时，电话响了。,Hewascontinuallyaskingherquestions.他一直在问她问题。,一般过去时与过去进行时的动作都是发生在过去。一般过去时强调动作的发生或状态的存在在过去；而过去进行时强调动作正在进行的延续性，其结构:was/were+v.-ing,过去进行时与一般过去时的区别,试比较:Igotupatfivethedaybeforeyesterday.前天我是五点起床的。Hewaspaintingthelabthewholeday.他一整天都在粉刷实验室。,一般过去时的时间状语主要有：yesterday(morning,afternoon,evening),lastnight(week,month,year),ago,thedaybeforeyesterday,in2003,justnow,long,longago等,过去进行时的时间状语有:atthis/thattimeyesterday,thewholeevening,alldayyesterday等。试比较:HeintroducedTomtousjustnow.刚才他向我们介绍了汤姆。Shewasdoingsomewashingalldayyesterday.昨天她一整天都在洗衣服。,Underlinethecorrectformoftheverbs.,1.Suddenly,allthelightsinmyhouseweregoingoff/wentoff.Therewasheavyrainoutside.,2.-Icalledyouupatsevenoclocklastnight,butnobodyansweredit.-Really?Imsorry,butIwasteaching/taughtapianolessonatschool.,3.-Iwasseeing/sawyouandTominthelibraryjustnow.-Oh,weshowed/wereshowingseveralvisitorsaroundtheschool.,4c,WhatwereyoudoingatthesetimeslastSunday?Fillinthechart.Thenaskyourpartner.,.用所给词的适当形式填空1.I_(help)mymotherwithhouseworkattenoclocklastSunday.2.Thegirl_(have)apianolessonatthistimeyesterday.,washelping,washaving,3.They_(talk)aboutthefilmwhentheteachercamein.4.Whilehe_(wait)forthebus,hereadanewspaper.5.Hesaidhewas_(leave)forShanghaisoon.,weretalking,waswaiting,leaving,.句型转换1.Katewasdrawingpictureswhenhermothercameback.（改为否定句）Kate_pictureswhenhermothercameback.2.Shewasbabysittinghersisteratthistimeyesterday.（改为一般疑问句）_she_hersisteratthistimeyesterday?,wasntdrawing,Wasbabysitting,3.TheywerehavingapartywhenIknockedatthedoor.（就划线部分提问）_they_whenyouknockedatthedoor?,Whatweredoing,.用when或while填空1.Whatwereyoudoing_theearthquakehappened?2._Iwasshoppinginthesupermarket,ImetmyfriendNancy.,when,While,3.Iwassleeping_mycousincametoseeme.4.Mymotherwasdoingthehousework_Iwasdoingmyhomework.5._thealienwasintheshop,thegirlcalledthepolice.,when,while,While,1.What_(be)you_(do)whenhearrived?2.Jim_(sleep)whenIcamein.3.They_(watch)TVat8:00yesterdayevening.4.Nowhe_(read)and_.,were,doing,wassleeping,werewatching,isreading,writing,A.Fillintheblankswiththegivenwords.,B.TranslatethesesentencesintoEnglish.,1.上课铃响时，你在干什么？What_you_whentheclassbellrang?2.当我妈妈进来时我正在看书。I_whenmymothercamein.3.昨天晚上十点钟她正在做饭。She_attenoclock_.,were,doing,wasreading,wascooking,lastnight/yesterdayevening,4.当天开始下雨时,孩子们正在玩游戏。Thechildren_gameswhenit_torain.5.当我进来时，那只猫逃跑了。Thecat_whenI_.,wereplaying,began,ranaway,camein,6.飞机在伦敦着陆时,天正下着雨。It_whentheplane_inLondon.7.电话铃响的时候,我正在吃早饭。I_breakfastwhenthetelephone_.8.琳达睡觉时发生了什么事？_whileLindawassleeping?,wasraining,landed,washaving,rang,Whathappened,()1.MybrothercamebackhomewhileI_homework.(2010四川省内江市)A.amdoingB.weredoingC.wasdoing,C,中考链接,()2.I_thecharityshowonTVwhenthetelephonerang.(2010江苏省宿迁市)A.watchB.watchedC.amwatchingD.waswatching,D,()3.It_heavilywhenIleftthecinema.(2010北京市)A.rainsB.willrainC.israiningD.wasraining,D,()4.WhenIcamebackyesterdayevening,mybrother_hishomework.(2011湖南长沙)AisdoingB.hasdoneC.wasdoing,C,()5.IwasveryangrywithJohnhejust_whenIspoketohim.(2011江苏徐州)A.isntlisteningB.hasntlistenedC.didntlistenD.wasntlistening,D,()6.ImetagoodfriendofminewhileI_onthestreet.(2011梧州)A.walksB.walkC.waswalkingD.amwalking,C,()7.MrsWhite_dinnerwhenhersoncamehome.(2011浙江衢州)A.iscookingB.wascookingC.arecookingD.werecooking,B,()8.I_whentheUFOlanded.(2011四川宜宾)A.amwatchingTVB.waswatchingTVC.havewatched