时间状语从句.ppt

AdverbialClauses,（状语从句）,1.AdverbialClausesofTime:（时间状语从句）,DifferentKindsofAdverbialClauses:,2.AdverbialClausesofReason(原因状语从句）,3.AdverbialClausesofConditions(条件状语从句）,4.AdverbialClausesofPlace(地点状语从句）,5.AdverbialClausesofPurpose(目的状语从句）,6.AdverbialClausesofResult（结果状语从句）,7.AdverbialClausesofComparison（比较）,8.AdverbialClausesofConcession(让步）,9.AdverbClausesofManner(方式状语从句),I.时间状语从句:when,while,as,after,before,since,until/till,assoonas,hardly/scarcelywhen,nosoonerthan,everytime,eachtime,themoment,theminute,thesecond,bythetime,immediately.,一、when/while/as,When+(1)延续性动词e.g.WhenIwasyoung,Ilikeddancing.(2)瞬间性动词(不能用while）e.g.Itwassnowingwhenwegottotheairport(3)表示“这时”“正在这时候”e.g.Iwaswalkingonthestreetwhensuddenlysomeonepattedmeontheshoulder.(4)主从句动作先后发生(不能用while）e.g.WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadalreadybegun.,While+(1)延续性动词e.g.WhileIslept,athiefbrokein.(2)表示两种情况对比，“然而”“而”e.g.Theyweresurprisedthatachildshouldworkouttheproblemwhiletheythemselvescouldnt.(3)表示“趁着时候”(强调主从句动作同时发生).e.g.Strikewhiletheironishot.,As侧重主从句动作同时发生，常译为“一边一边.”e.g.Thestudentstooknotesastheylistened.)“随着”e.g.Astimegoesby,wehavegainedmoreandmoreknowledge.注意若主句谓语是短暂性动作，从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，三者可以互换！When/While/AswewerehavinganEnglishclass,astrangerbrokein.,Practice,_lwaswalkingdownthestreet，Isawsomepolicemen_theyheardthenews，theyweresurprisedTheyshoutedslogans_theypassedthesquare.,When/While/As,When,as,二、before,常见句型:Itwillbe+一段时间+before.Itwas+一段时间+before.ItwontbelongbeforeItwasntlongbefore肯定句意为“多长时间后才”否定句意为“用不了多长时间就”Itwillbealongtimebeforewefinishthisdictionary.我们需要很长的时间才把这部词典编译完。Itwasnotlongbeforethethiefwascaught.小偷不久就被抓住了。,beforeItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback.Itwontbehalfayearbeforewemeetagain.Wesailedfourdaysandnightsbeforewesawtheland.Wehadntrunamilebeforehefelttired.,肯定句“才”否定句“就”,itwillbe+一段时间before.多久之后才.,itwontbe+一段时间before.不久就.,1.Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears_itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.2.Hewastoldthatitwouldbeatleastthreemonths_hecouldrecoverandreturntowork.3.Someonecalledmeinthemiddleofthenight,buttheyhungup_Icouldanswerthephone.,before,before,before,三、after,例：1、HecametoseemeafterIarrived.2、Immediatelyafterhewashurt,hewastakentothehospital.,注：before和after引导的状语从句，主从句发生的动作先后顺序很明确，因此after从句中的谓语动词常常使用一般过去时来代替过去完成时。Afterhe(had)finishedhishomework,Tombegantoplaycomputergames.,三Since,注意since引导的时间状语从句，主句常用完成时，从句常用一般过去时。Hehaswrittentomefrequentlysincehewasill.句型Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since，如果从句是延续性动词，,用一般过去时和现在完成时不同。Itis/hasbeentwoyearssincehewasinthearmy.他离开军队两年了。Itis/hasbeentwoyearssincehehasbeeninthearmy.他当兵两年了。,1.-Howlong_theshop_open?-Since1992.(=Since15yearsago)2.-Sincewhen_thecountry_opentointernationaltrade?-1978,Isuppose.3._5years_hegraduatedfromcollege._2years_hesmoked.,has,been,has,been,Itis,since,Itis,since,Practiceitis+时间+sincebeforewhenthatItisfiveyears_hefinishedhisresearch.Itwasfiveyears_hefinishedhisresearch.Itwasfiveyearslater_hefinishedhisresearch.Itwas5oclock_hegothome.Itwasat5oclock_hegothome.,when,that,since,before,that,四、名词词组引导的状语从句一些表示时间的名词词组,如：themoment,eachtime,everytime,thefirsttime,theyear等,也用于引导时间状语从句，这时它们担当着连接词的功能。,_hewenttoShanghai,hepaidavisittohisformerteacherA.ForthefirsttimeB.Thefirsttime_lsawhim,IthoughtofhisfatherA.ThemomentB.Atthemoment,Thefirsttime,Themoment,Eachtimehecame,hewouldbringusalotofflowers,-DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?-Yes.Igaveittoher_Isawher.,themoment,theminute,theinstant,Practice1.WheneverytimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometohelpme.2.Atnexttimeyoucome,dorememberbringyoursonhere.3.ForthefirsttimeImetthegirl,Ifeltinlovewithher.4.Youarewelcometocomebackatanytimeyouwantto.5.AtthelasttimeshesawJames,hewaslyinginbed.语法规则：,everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。,关连词组hardly/scarcelywhennosoonerthanassoonas三种句子结构表示“一就”。注意：时态assoonas以一般时态代替将来时态nosooner,hardly,scarcely后的句子用过去完成时，than/when后的句子用一般过去时。倒装当hardly或nosooner位于句首时，要倒装。,五、一就,我一到达上海就给你打电话。时态要求：改错:Ihardlygothomewhenitbegantorain时态要求：,IwillcallyouassoonasIarriveinShanghai.,had,以一般现在时代替将来时,主句用haddone,从句用did,nosooner.than,hardly.when,scarcely.when,HehadhardlyarrivedwhenitbegantosnowHardly_whenitbegantosnowWehadhardlywalkedintothehallwhenthelecturestartedHardly_walkedintothehallwhenthelecturestarted_shegonetosleepthanthetelephonerangoncemore_theboyreachedthedoorthanhecameback,hadhearrived,hadwe,Nosoonerhad,Nosoonerhad,倒装,六、until/till,until/till“直到止”(肯定句，主句是延续性动词);Illwaiteuntil/tilltheconcertisover(till不能放在句首，但是until了的位置不受限制)notuntil“直到才”hedidntleavetheofficeuntilhefinishedthetask.注意：倒装句、强调句，及位于句首时，只能用until。NotuntilIreturneddidshefinishherhomework.ItwasnotuntilIreturnedhomethatshefinishedherhomework.,1Themeetingdidntstart_everyonewasthereA.becauseB.untilC.whyD.if2Theboy_tobed_hismothercamein.wentnot;untilB.didntgo;afterC.went;untilD.didntgo;until,Practice1.MotherwaitedforTomtill/untilfarintothenight.(持续性动词)2.Tomdidntgetbacktill/untileverythingwasallright.(短暂性动词)=_everythingwasallright_.=_everythingwasallright_Tomgotback.,Notuntil,didTomgetback,Itwasnotuntil,that,六、bythetime引导的从句,Bythetimewegottothestation,thebus_left.Bythetimeyoureceivethisletter,I_leftthiscityformyhometown.,had,willhave,小结练习1.Theywalkedoutoftheroom_themeetingwasover.2.Theymuststayinschool_theyaresixteen.3.Takethemedicine_yougotobed.,assoonas,bythetime,before,4.Iknewnothingaboutit_hetoldme.5.Itismorethanfiveyears_westartedtolearnEnglish.6._hetalkedon,hegotmoreandmoreexcited.7.Weshouldstrike_theironishot.,until,since,As,while,1.Iwaswa