中考英语教材一本通 九全 Unit 11-12（通用）

九年级全册Units 1112 类别 新课标要求 重点词汇拓展 1.crazy (adj.)mad (同义词 adj.)很生气的；疯的 2many (adj.)more (比较级)更多(的)most (最高级)最多 3late (adj.)lately (adv.) 最近；不久前 4bank (n.)banker (n.)银行家 5comfortable (adj.)uncomfortable(反义词 adj.)使人不舒服的 6weigh (v.)weight(n.)重量 7encourage(v.)courage (n.) 勇气 8agree (v.)agreement (n.) 同意；一致disagree (反义词 v.)不同意 9expect(v.)expected (adj.) 期待的unexpected (反义词 adj.) 出乎意料的 10work (v.)worker (n.) 工人 11believe (v.)belief (n.)相信believable(adj.)可信任的 disbelief (反义词 n.) 不信；怀疑 12foolish (adj.)fool (n.) 傻瓜；蠢人 13embarrass (v.)embarrassed(adj.) 窘迫的；害羞的embarrassing(adj.) 使人害羞的(难堪的) 14discover (v.)discovery (n.) 发现；发觉 15friend(n.) friendship (n.)友谊；友情 16ring(v.) rang (过去式) rung (过去分词) 17alive(adj.) live (v.)生活 lively (adj.)活泼的；有生气的 18burn(v.) burnt (过去式) burnt (过去分词) 19discover(v.) discovery (n.)发现；发觉 20office(n.) officer (n.)军官；官员 21disappear(v.) appear (v.)出现；露面 重点短语记忆 1.drive sb. crazy/mad 使人发疯/发狂 2.the more. the more.越越；愈愈 3.have. in common 在有共同点 4.be friends withsb. 成为某人的朋友 5.leave out 忽略；不包含 6.call in 召来；叫来 7.neither. nor.既不也不 8.have a lot of wealth 有许多财富 9.to start with 起初；开始时 10.let.down 让失望 11.kick sb. off 开除某人 12.as soonas 一就 13.be hard on sb. 对某人苛刻 14.rather than 而不是 15.pull together 通力合作 16.give.a lift 捎一程 17.in line with (与)成一排 18.show up 露面 19.sell out 卖光；售完 20would rather 宁愿 21by the time (that). 在以前 22by the end of. 在(某时间点)以前 重点句型整理 1.Id rather go to Blue Ocean because I like to listen to quiet music. 我更喜欢去蓝色海洋因为我喜欢听轻音乐。 2.The loud music makes me nervous. 高亢的音乐让我感到焦虑。 3.She said that the sad movie made her cry. 她说悲伤的电影让她哭。 4.When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home. 当我到达学校时，我才意识到我把书包忘在家里了。 5.By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung. 当我返回学校时，铃已经响了。 6Money and fame dont always make people happy 金钱和荣誉并不总能让人开心。 7The more more I got to know her， the more Ive realized that we had a lot in common对她了解得越多，我会发现我们的共同之处越多。 8His face was always pale as chalk.他的脸总是面如灰土。 9Neither medicine nor rest can help him.药品和休息都帮不了他。 10But whatever it was，dont be too hard on yourself 但不管怎样，不要过分苛刻地要求你自己。 11Peter went to soccer practice with courage rather than fear in his heart.彼得并没有感到害怕，而是鼓起勇气去参加足球训练。 12My alarm clock didnt go off 我的闹钟没有响。 13Life is full of the unexpected.生活总是充满难以预料的事。 14Before I got to the bus stop，the bus had already left 在我到公共汽车站之前，公共汽车已经走了。 15Many April Fools jokes may end up being not very funny.许多愚人节玩笑结局并非十分好玩。 【常考词汇】1.drive v. 迫使 【知识点睛】 2.agreement n. (意见或看法) 一致；同意 【知识点睛】(1)be in agreement with sth./sb. 和意见一致 Your idea is good. Im in agreement with you.你的观点很好，我和你的意见一致。 (2)be in agreement on/about/upon sth. 对某事意见一致 We are in agreement on/about/upon that point. 在那一点上我们意见一致。 (3)be in agreement that 同意 I am in agreement that he is so clever. 他很聪明，这一点我同意。 3.disappoint v. 使失望 【知识点睛】 I am disappointed at the disappointing movie.我对这部令人失望的电影感到失望。 4. miss v. 错过；未得到 【知识点睛】 常用于 miss doing sth.结构，表示“错过做某事”。 I missed taking the flight because of getting up late. 因为起晚了，我错过了航班。 【归纳拓展】(1)miss 还有“思念；怀念”的意思。 (2)Miss 表示“小姐；女士”。 【即时演练】I will _B_ my family when I go abroad for further study this autumn. Ause Bmiss Cshow Dlook u 常考句型 易错辨析 1Id rather go to Blue Ocean. 我更喜欢去蓝色海洋(Unit 11) 【知识点睛】 would rather 的用法 (1)would rather 意思是“宁愿；宁可；更；最好；还是为好”，后接动词原形，常省略为d rather，表示优先选择的一种方式。其否定形式是 would rather not do sth.。would rather 没有人称和数的变化，所有的人称一律用 would rather。would 在此无“过去”之意，它是一个情态助动词，且无词性、时态变化。 Mr. Li would rather not listen to rock music. 李先生不愿意听摇滚音乐。 Hed rather work in the countryside. 他宁可到农村去工作。 (2)如果在两者中进行取舍，表示“宁愿而不愿；与其宁可”的意思时，则可用 would rather do sth.than do sth.或 would do sth.rather than do sth.的句型。 I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. 我宁可在家看电视而不愿去看电影。 The children would walk there rather than take a bus. 孩子们宁愿步行去那里而不愿乘公共汽车。 温馨提示： （1） would rather.than./would.rather than.也可以颠倒为：rather than.would.。和 than 后都接不带 to 的动词不定式，若选用的动词相同，那么 than 后的动词可以省略。 He would rather drink wine than beer. 他喜欢喝葡萄酒而不喜欢喝啤酒。 Rather than work in such bad condition， he would give up. 与其在这样差的条件下工作，他宁愿放弃。 （2） 使用 would rather.than.句型时要注意“平行结构”，即在 than 的前后要用两个同类的词或词组，如两个名词、两个不定式、两个介词短语等。 I would rather go to work by bike than by bus. 我宁愿骑自行车也不愿乘公共汽车去上班。 I would rather talk with his mother than with his father. 我宁愿和他母亲说话而不愿和他父亲说话。 （3） 在疑问句式中，would rather 与 would rather.than.中的 would 要放在主语之前。,Would you rather stay here or go home？ ,你愿意待在这里，还是回家？ ,Which would you rather have， apples or bananas？ 你喜欢吃苹果还是香蕉？ （4） “would rather从句”是一个常用的虚拟语气句型，谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来，意为“宁愿，还是好些；一个人宁愿另一个人做某事”。引导从句的 that 常省略。在谈到过去的动作时，谓语动词则用过去完成时。 John wants to see me today. I would rather he came tomorrow than today. 约翰今天想来看我。我宁愿他明天来而不是今天。（句中 came 不是表示过去而是表示将来） 【即时演练】1）The old man prefers to_C_ at home rather than_ to have a picnic. A. staying; going B. stay; going C. stay; go 2）有些背包客宁可住帐篷也不住宾馆。 Some backpackers would rather live in tents than in hotels. 2The loud music makes me nervous.高亢的音乐让我感到焦虑。(Unit 11) 【知识点睛】 句中“make宾语形容词”意为“使处于某种状态；使成为”，其中形容词作宾语补足语。 The soft music makes people relaxed.轻柔的音乐使人放松。另外，“make宾语不带 to 的不定式”意为“使/让某人(做某事)”。 The teacher made us read English every morning.老师让我们每天早上读英语。 【归纳拓展】(1)make 的常见用法总结 用法 表示意义 举例 make宾语形容词 使某人/某事(变得)，形容词通常用 happy, sad, angry 等表示感情的词或 rich，strong 等表示状态的词 We must make the rivers clean. 我们必须使河水干净。 make宾语介词短语或名词短语 使/让某人或某物(成为) We made him captain of our football team. 我们推选他作我们足球队队长。 make宾语不带 to 的不定式 使某人做某事 Our teacher makes us feel more confident. 老师使我们感到更加有信心了。 make宾语过去分词 使某人/某事被(宾语和过去分词之间存在被动关系) The strange noise made us frightened. 奇怪的声音使我们感到恐惧。 makeit形容词不定式(或从句) 使得做某事变得，形容词常用 easy，difficult，interesting 等表示事物性质的词 The company made it questionable whether the equipment should be employed at all 这家公司对到底该不该使用这台设备产生了怀疑. make it +时间 时间约定在 Lets make it half past two. 让我们把时间约定在 2:30 吧。 （2）常见的接形容词作宾补的动词有 make，keep，get，find，leave，think 等。 I found the book very interesting.我发现这本书很有趣。 Please leave the door open.请开着门。 【即时演练】He lost his key.It made him _ in the cold to wait for his wifes return. Ato stay Bstayed Cstays Dstay 解析：“make sb.do sth.”意为“使某人做某事”，故选 D。 3Life is full of the unexpected.生活中充满了意外。(Unit 12) 【知识点睛】(1)be full of 固定短语， 意为“充满”，同义短语为“be filled with”。 The glass is full of milk. The glass is filled with milk.杯子里装满了牛奶。 (2)unexpected 形容词，意为“出乎意料的；始料不及的”。an unexpected visitor 不速之客 【即时演练】午饭时分,房间里撒满了阳光. _ At lunch time, the room is full of sunshine._ 4When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home. 当我到达学校时，我才意识到我把书包忘在家里了。(Unit 12) 【知识点睛】 leave 在句中用作动词，意为“留下；丢下；落下”，“leave sth.地点” 意为“把某物忘在某地”。 He left his umbrella on the train.他把伞忘在火车上了。 【归纳拓展】 leave 的常用短语 leave for 离开前往 leave sb. alone 让某人独自待着 leave off 停止；中断 leave behind 忘了带；丢下 be on leave 休假 leave about 乱放(东西) 【妙辨异同】 leave 与 forget forget 与 leave 都有“遗忘”之意，但二者不能互换。 （1） leave 指把东西忘在了某地，后接具体的地点，如：leave sth.地点 意为“把某物落在某处”。 （2） forget 意为“忘记”， 指忘记一件具体的东西(其后没有具体的地点)，忘记(做某事)。 forget sth.意为“忘记某事”； forget to do sth.意为“忘了去做某事”。 I forgot to turn off the lights when I went out.我出门时忘记关灯了。 Ive left my bag on the bus.我把包忘在公共汽车上了。 【即时演练】1)By the time I got to school，I realized I had _left_ (忘记) my math book on the bus. 2)Sorry，I _forgot_ (忘记) your e-mail address，please tell me again. 5By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung.当我返回学校时，铃已经响了。(Unit 12) 【知识点睛】 本句是过去完成时，它表示在过去某一时间或动作之前完成的动作或状态，其构成是“主语had动词过去分词”。在由 by the time, when, before, after, until 等连接的复合句中，如果主句谓语和从句谓语表示的过去动作是在不同时间发生的，那么先发生的动作用过去完成时。 When I came in, he had finished his homework. 当我进来时，他已完成作业了。 By the time I got there, the train had left.当我到那儿时，火车已离开了。 6By the end of the school day, .在一天结束的时候(Unit 12) 【妙辨异同】 by the end of，at the end of 与 in the end (1)by the end of“在(某时间点)以前”，常用于将来时或过去完成时中。 By the end of last century，the population of our city had reached 1,000,000 and by the end of 2020，it will be over 1,500,000.到上世纪末我市人口已达 100 万，到 2020 年底(我市人口) 将突破 150 万。 (2)at the end of“在末/底”，既可接时间名词，也可接地点名词；反义短语 at the beginning of“在初/起点”。 The whole family meet together at the end of the year.每年年底全家人齐聚一堂。 (3)in the endat lastfinally“最后”，常用于一般过去时。 He tried various jobs and in the end became an accountant. 他尝试过各种各样的工作，最后成了一名会计。 【归纳拓展】过去完成时的用法 与 by，before 构成的短语连用。eg： We had got to the station before nine oclock.9 点前我们就已到了车站。 与 by the time，before，when 等引导的从句连用。eg： By the time I got home，my mother had already finished cooking.我到家时，我妈妈早已做完饭了。 用于宾语从句中。eg： He said he had finished his work.他说他已经完成了他的工作。 【即时演练】1）By the end of last month，I _D_ all the CDs of Justin Bieber.(2020，上海) Acollect Bcollected Chave collected Dhad collected 2）Robert was very upset that most of his friends _D_ when he _ at the party. A. left; had arrived B. had left; arrived C. left; arrived D. had left; had arrived 解析：此处 by 意为“到为止”，该句意为“到上个月末为止，我已经将 Justin Bieber 全部的 CD 收集起来”，表示“动作从过去已经开始一直持续到过去某个时间”，故要使用过去完成时。故选 D。 7Many people ran to their local supermarkets to buy as much spaghetti as they could.许多人跑到当地的超市里尽可能多地买意大利面条。(Unit 12) 【知识点睛】as. as one can 固定结构，意为“尽可能的”， 相当于 as. as possible。 Please get to school as early as possible.Please get to school as early as you can. 请尽早来学校。 8One of the worlds most famous tricks, however, happened in October rather than in April. 然而，世界上最出名的恶作剧发生在十月，而不是四月。(Unit 12) 【知识点睛】 rather than 是一个并列连词，用法比较复杂，现归纳如下： (1)rather than 与 would 连用时，构成“would rather.than.”句式，意为“宁愿而不愿”，表示主观愿望，即在两者之中选择其一。rather than 也可用于“prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.”结构中，意为“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”。eg： He wants to stand up rather than ask for a seat.他想站着而不是要个座位。 He preferred to stay at home rather than go out.他宁愿待在家里，也不愿出去。 I would rather stay at home than go to the park.我宁愿待在家里，也不愿去公园。 (2)rather than 不与 would 连用时，表示客观事实，意为“是而不是；与其 不如”。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动词-ing 形式、分句、不定式等。 He is an explorer rather than a sailor.与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个探险者。 温馨提示：rather than 后可跟带 to 或不带 to 的不定式。 (3)rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与 rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。 You rather than I are going to the zoo.是你而不是我要去动物园。 【即时演练】Its raining outside. I _ stay at home _ go out. Aprefer；to Bprefer；than Cwould rather；than Dwould rather；to 解析：prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.与 would rather do sth.than do sth.都是固定搭配，意为“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”之意，故选 C。 9.The movie was so sad that it made Tina and Amy 电影如此悲伤以至于让蒂娜和艾米 【知识点睛】“so形容词或副词that”表示“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句。 I am so tired that I want to have a rest.我太累了，想休息一下。 【归纳拓展】so that 表示“以便，为了”，引导目的状语从句。 They got up early so that they could catch the early bus.为了能赶上早班车，他们早早就起床了。 【即时演练】Prince George is _D_ lovely that many people like him very much. A. very B. such C. as D. so 10.Why dont you ask Alice to join you each time you do something with Julie? 每次和朱莉一起做事的时候，你何不邀请爱丽丝加入呢？ 【知识点睛】why dont you do sth.表示“为什么不做某事呢”，相当于“why not do sth.”。 Why dont you go shopping this afternoon? Why not go shopping this afternoon? 今天下午为什么不去购物呢？ 11.above，over，on 【知识点睛】above 意为“在之上”，表示相对高度，不一定是正上方，其反义词为 below。 over 意为“在之上”，表示在垂直之上，其反义词为 under。 on 意为“在上面”，表示与表面接触。 注意：在表示“超过；多于”时，above 与最低限度或某固定点(如温度)共联， over 与数目、数量、年龄、金钱和时间等连用。 Look！A plane is flying above your head.看！一架飞机正在你的头顶上方飞行。 There is a bridge over the river.河上有座桥。 Theres a glass on the desk.课桌上有一个玻璃杯。 The temperature will stay above zero.气温将持续在零度以上。 It costs me over 100 yuan.这花费了我 100 多元。 2000 feet above sea level 海拔 2000 英尺 【即时演练】1)Ice is not often seen here in winter as the temperature normally stays _C_ zero. Aup Bdown Cabove Dbelow 2)Mrs.King put a coat _A_ the sleeping girl to keep her warm. Aover Bwith Cbehind Dbeside 12.instead/instead of/rather than 【知识点睛】(1)instead 是副词，意为“代替；而不是”。在句中作状语，常用于句首，起连接上下句的作用。 Tom doesnt study hard. Instead, he plays football all day. 汤姆不努力学习，反而整天踢足球。 (2)instead of 和 rather than 都表示“代替；而不是”，其后都可接名词、代词或动词。但前者接动词时要用 v.ing 形式，后者接动词时要用原形。它们在一定情况下可相互转换。 We went there on foot instead of taking a bus.我们没乘公交车，而是步行去的那儿。 She wants to go swimming tomorrow instead of playing basketball. She wants to go swimming tomorrow rather than play basketball. She doesnt want to play basketball tomorrow. Instead, she wants to go swimming. 她明天想去游泳，而不是打篮球。 12020莱芜 Fathers Day is coming. Im thinking about _ A. what present I gave him Bwhere we had a big meal Chow I will give him a surprise Dif I planned a party for him 22020温州 Its _ to listen to light music when you feel tired. A. dangerous Bscary Crelaxing Ddifficult 32020滨州 A ship from South Korea sank into the sea _ April 16, 2020. Ain Bon Cat Dfor 42020青海 Its sunny.Lets go sighting_ watching TV in our hotel room. Athanks to Binstead of Cas well as 52020泰安 I made a call to my parents yesterday, but_ of them answered it. Aeither Bnone Cneither Dnobody 62020遂宁 You look so tired. My mother makes me_ playing the piano for 2 hours every day. Apractice Bto practice Cpracticing 72020南京 Whats wrong with you, Eric? You look tired. I _ to prepare for the final exam last night. Apicked up Bwoke up Cstayed up Dput up 82020黔西南 The bread smells _ and it sells _ Awell; good Bgood; good Cgood; well Dwell; well 92020广元 In exams, the more careful we are, _ mistakes well make. Athe more Bthe fewest Cthe fewer 102020淮安 Many people do not realize the importance of health _ they have fallen ill. Auntil Bwhile Cwhen Dafter 11.2020，襄阳Show me your homework，Dave？ Sorry，Mrs Brown.Ive _ it at home. Amissed Bforgotten Clost Dleft 12.2020，随州Lets play football on the playground. Its too hot outside.I would rather _ at home than _ out. Ato stay；go Bstaying；going Cstay；to go Dstay；go 13.2020，白银_ the time I got to the bus stop，the bus had already left. AOn BIn CBy DWith 14.We can get fresh water from rain，from rivers，or from _ the ground. Aacross Bunder Cover Doff 15.The peaceful music in the CD made the students _ relaxed. Afeel Bfeels Cfelt Dto feel 参考答案：1-5CCBBC 6-10ACCCA 11-15DDCBA 解析：6.考查非谓语动词的用法。make sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”。 8.考查连系动词和副词的用法。smell 为连系动词，后接形容词作表语；sell 作动词时，后接副词作状语。 11.考查动词词义辨析。miss“想念”；forget“忘记”；lose“丢失”；leave“忘了带，丢下”。根据句意 “我把作业丢在家里了”可知应选 D。 12.本题考查固定搭配。would rather do sth. than do sth.的意思是“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”，A、B、C 三项形式均错误。故 D 项符合题意。 13.by the time.意为“到时候为止”，引导时间状语从句。从句用过去时态，主句用过去完成时。故选 C。 14.考查介词的区别。across“从(表面)穿过”；under“在下面”；over“在之上”；off“离开，脱落”。结合句意“我们能从雨水和河流中，或者地下取得淡水”。可选 B。 15.make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”。句意为“CD 中的平静的音乐，使学生们感到放松”。故选 A。 写作典例之时事热点 (一) 2020 年春节联欢晚会上，王铮亮的一曲时间都去哪儿了？，让很多人怅然于时光的流逝。请根据以下提示，以 How do we make good use of our time？为题，谈谈你如何安排自己的时间。词数：80 词左右。 【范文欣赏】 How do we make g