非文学翻译(口译) week 17

Views on the World Wars1) The Second World War in some ways gave birth to less novelty and genius than the First. 第二次世界大战在某些方面不像第一次世界大战那样产生了诸多新奇事物和天才伟人。（蔡基纲译） novelty 与 genius的所指应该是同一类的，不应一个是“事务”，另一个却是“人”。 genius: the prevalent character or spirit of something such as a nation or age(民族、语言、时代等的)特质，精神，传统，特征e.g. Bouchers paintings did not suit the austere genius of neoclassicism.布歇的画作不适合新古典主义的严肃风格改译：从某些方面看，第二次世界大战不像一战那样催生了诸多新奇事物，也缺乏鲜明的时代特征。2) It was, of course, a greater cataclysm, fought over a wider area, and altered the social and political structure of the world at least as radically as its predecessor, perhaps more so. 当然，它是一场更大的战争，卷入的地区更广，改变世界社会和政治结构的激烈程度至少不亚于第一次世界大战，或许更为激烈。（蔡基纲译）Belle epoque3) But the break in continuity in 1914 was far more violent. 但是1914年的时势突变更为剧烈。（蔡基纲译）或：但1914年一战的爆发却更为剧烈地打断了社会发展的延续性。4) The year 1914 looks to us now, and looked even in the 1920s, as the end of a long period of largely peaceful development, broken suddenly and catastrophically. 1914年就我们现在看来，甚至二十年代的人看来，标志了一个长期以来基本上是和平发展时期的结束，这个时期的结束是如此的突然和灾难性。（蔡基纲译）5) In Europe, at least, the years before 1914 were viewed with understandable nostalgia by those who after them knew no real peace.至少在欧洲有些人抱着怀旧的心情看待1914年前的岁月是可以理解的，因为他们知道此后就没有真正的和平了。（蔡基纲译） b. knew = experienced c. with understandable nostalgia 改译：至少在欧洲，有些人对1914年以前的岁月十分怀念，这是不难理解的，因为自那以后，这些人就再也没有体验过真正的和平了。 6) The period between the wars marks a decline in the development of human culture if it is compared with that sustained and fruitful period which makes the nineteenth century seem a unique human achievement, so powerful that it persisted, even during the war which broke it, to a degree which seems astonishing to us now.1914年以前那个持续发展、硕果累累的时期，令十九世纪仿佛成了人类取得独特成就的世纪,那个时期的影响之大,即便在导致它终结的一战中,也依然延续着，这一点在我们今天看来也是十分惊人的。与那样一个时期相比，两次世界大战的间歇期标志着人类文化发展的衰退。 四、汉语长句英译1. 整合与断句汉语长句中往往含有多个用逗号相隔的小句，它们之间由于没有显性关联词语，相互之间的逻辑关系有时并不十分凸显。因此，可在分析、理解的基础上进行断句并翻译，或通过关联词语、以从句或短语的方式整合起来译出。例如：1. 这种燃料电池车与汽油车和柴油车不同，不排放二氧化碳和氮氧化合物等有害物质，排出的仅仅是水，/ 它不仅环保，而且能源利用率高，被认为是21世纪的理想交通工具。 整合与断句： 与汽油车和柴油车不同，这种燃料电池车只排出水，而不排放像二氧化碳和氮氧化合物那样的有害物质。/ 它不仅环保，而且能源利用率高，因而被认为是21世纪的理想交通工具。 译文：Unlike its petrol and diesel counterparts, this fuel cell vehicle discharges water instead of emitting harmful substances like carbon dioxide and oxynitride. For its eco-friendliness and fuel efficiency, the vehicle is considered an ideal means of transport for the 21st century.或： This fuel cell vehicle differs from its petrol or diesel counterparts in that it discharges water instead of emitting harmful substances like carbon dioxide and oxynitride. It is eco-friendly and energy-efficient. Thus it is viewed as an ideal means of transport for the 21st century.2. 凡体验过燃料电池车的人都会对它的性能异口同声地称赞：噪音很小，汽车到人跟前才能听见声音；燃料电池车最高时速可达145公里，高速公路限速每小时100公里，一般道路每小时限速60公里，燃料电池车速度不成问题；一次充氢可行驶350公里，和一般汽车一次加油行驶距离差不多。 整合与断句：凡驾驶过燃料电池车的人都会对它的性能异口同声地称赞。 / 它噪音如此小，以至到了非常近的距离它的声音才能被听见。/鉴于高速公路限速每小时100公里，一般道路每小时限速也只有60公里，因此，燃料电池车的速度不成问题（其最高时速可达145公里）。/燃料电池车一次充氢可行驶350公里，和一般汽车一次加油行驶距离差不多。 Anyone having driven a fuel cell car will not fail to praise it for its performance / . will not fail to be impressed by its performance. Its noise level is reduced to such an extent that it is audible only at very close range. Its speed, which attains 145 km/h, is out of question considering the 100 km/h limit on highways and the 60 km/h limit on ordinary roads. One refill of hydrogen will allow the vehicle to roll for 350 km, a distance similar to that covered by a conventional car on one refueling. 1) 凡体验过燃料电池车的人都会对它的性能异口同声地称赞：噪音很小，汽车到人跟前才能听见声音；燃料电池车最高时速可达145公里，高速公路限速每小时100公里，一般道路每小时限速60公里，燃料电池车速度不成问题；一次充氢可行驶350公里，和一般汽车一次加油行驶距离差不多。 3. 前瞻全球现代化发展大势，包括中国在内的近30亿人口追求小康生活和实现现代化的宏伟历史进程与自然资源供给能力和生态环境承载能力的矛盾日益凸显和尖锐，按照传统的大量耗费不可再生自然资源和破坏生态环境的经济增长方式、或沿袭少数国家以攫取世界资源为手段的发展模式将难以为继，必须走科学、协调、可持续发展的道路，强烈呼唤科技创新突破和科技革命。（摘自中国科学院科技革命与中国的现代化） 确定超长前置定语： 原句中有多个超长前置定语，其中有的定语中还嵌套着其它定语： 包括中国在内的近30亿人口追求小康生活和实现现代化的宏伟历史进程 (划线部分是“宏伟历史进程”的定语) 宏伟历史进程与自然资源供给能力和生态环境承载能力的矛盾 传统的大量耗费不可再生自然资源和破坏生态环境的经济增长方式 少数国家以攫取世界资源为手段的发展模式 部分内容的翻译处理 前瞻全球现代化发展大势a look into the trend of global modernization 近30亿人口(包括中国人民在内)追求小康生活和现代化the pursuit of affluence and modernization by 3 billion people (the Chinese included) 自然资源供给能力和生态环境承载能力availability of natural resources and eco-environmental sustainability 句子整合与定语拆分： 若展望全球现代化的发展，将表明有一种日益凸显和尖锐的矛盾，(矛盾的)一方面是全球近30亿人口（其中包括中国人）追求小康生活和实现现代化，(矛盾的)另一方面是自然资源供给不足和生态环境承载能力不够。/ 无论是坚持传统的经济增长模式（该模式以大量耗费不可再生自然资源为基础，破坏了生态环境），还是坚持少数国家的发展模式（该模式就是攫取世界资源），都将难以为继。/ 因此，我们唯一的出路是科学、协调和可持续的发展，这种发展亟需科技方面的突破和革命。译文：A look into the trend of global modernization suggests that there will be an increasingly manifest and acute conflict between, on the one hand, the pursuit of affluence and modernization by 3 billion people (the Chinese included), and on the other hand, the availability of natural resources and ecological carrying capacity. It would be unsustainable to adhere either to the classical economic growth model based on massive consumption of non-renewable resources at the expense of ecological environment, or to the development model practiced by a handful of countries, which consists in grabbing resources from the rest of the world. We are therefore left with the only alternative, viz., a rational, coordinated and sustainable development, which is in urgent need of technological breakthroughs and revolutions. 翻译练习：英语构词与品牌名1. 以下是一些专业公司或产品名称，请从构词角度评论该公司或品牌的命名理据 CineAlta：a brand name used by Sony, which covers such products as camera, camcorder, recorder, cinema server and projector.Cine: cinematographic; related to cinematographyAlta / alti: high Nestogen: a brand name used by Nestle to designate one of its infant foods Frigidaire was founded as the Guardian Frigerator Company in Fort Wayne, Indiana, and developed the first self-contained refrigerator in 1916. In 1918, it adopted the name Frigidaire. After a number of acquisitions, Frigidaire is now owned by Electrolux of Sweden. Haemacure Corporation is a specialty bio-therapeutics company developing high-value human biological adhesives, hemostats and therapeutic proteins for commercialization. Sinotrans, or Sinotrans (HK) Shipping Limited is one of the largest liner shipping companies in Asia. Amtrak, or the National Railroad Passenger Corporation, is a government-owned corporation that was organized on May 1, 1971 to provide intercity passenger train service in the United States. Genentech Inc., a portmanteau of Genetic Engineering Technology, Inc., is a leading biotechnology corporation, which was founded in 1976 by venture capitalist Robert A. Swanson and biochemist Dr. Herbert Boye Celgene Corporation is a manufacturer of drug therapies for cancer and inflammatory disorders. It is incorporated in Delaware and headquartered in Summit, New Jersey. Comcast Corporation, founded in 1963, is the largest cable operator in the United States, providing cable television, broadband Internet, and telephone service to both residential and commercial customers. Panasonic Corporation, formerly known as Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., is a multinational corporation based in Kadoma, Japan. Its main business is in electronics manufacturing and produces products under a variety of names including Panasonic and Technics.2以下是一些国际展览的简略名称，请判断这些展览的大致专业属性。l MechanEx 2009 l NanoForum 2009l Aero-Engine Expol Floriade 2009l Iberfloral Agrotica 2009l Auto & Automechanika St. Petersburgl Petrochem Arabial Opto-Paris 2009l Esthetique Spa International 2009l Academia Egyptl Semicon Europel Termotech 2009l Aqua-Therm 2009l Gastro-Tech 2009以下是一些国际展览的简略名称，请判断这些展览的大致专业属性。1) MechanEx 2009 机电产品展2) NanoForum 2009 纳米技术论坛3) Aero-Engine Expo 航空发动机展4) Floriade 2009 花展5) Iberflora 伊比利亚（半岛）花展6) Agrotica 2009农业展7) Auto & Automechanika St. Petersburg 圣彼得堡汽车与汽车配件展览8) Petrochem Arabia阿拉伯石油化工展9) Opto-Paris 2009巴黎光学产品展10) Esthetique Spa International 2009美容化妆品泳池沐浴SPA展览会11) Academia Egypt 埃及教育展12) Semicon Europe 欧洲半导体展13) Termotech 2009 供热设备展14) Aqua-Therm 2009国际供暖、通风、空调、卫浴及环保技术博览会15) Gastro-Tech 2009食品展览3. 假如你要为以下事物命名并用于英语，请提出你的命名方案和理据。（中文名可暂不考虑，但要注意不得与已有的“英文名”重叠）。1 某个塑料生产商2 某个乐器生产商3 某个音响品牌4 某一眼镜品牌5 某个胃药品牌6 某个医治肺病的药物品牌7 某个室内装修设计机构8 某个花展9 某个游泳俱乐部10 某一种跑步机 假如你要为以下事物命名并用于英语，请提出你的命名方案和理据,中文名可暂不考虑。 PlastiCity Meloptima / Melodroma/Melofty Audiologik /Auditerranean / Bellasonic Viewclear / Benevision ProGastro /Gastro-pro/Filogastro PneumoGuard /Pneumocure Decornation / Si-Je-Dcore Florabella / CathayFlora AquaFun /Aqualetics /Bonaqua/Mondo Aqua Pedestrainer /RunningMate / ComRacer 10. Books1) Since a particular bookstore happens to resemble a supermarket anyway, the inescapable, though perhaps unintended, message is that books are consumable items, meant to be devoured and forgotten, like potatoes or pizza. 2) The implied inclusion of books among the worlds perishable goods is hardly made more agreeable by the reflection that increasing numbers of books these days do seem to be written with just such consumption in mind, and that most bookstores have become little more than news stands for hard cover publications of this sort, which are merchandised for a few weeks - sometimes only as long as they remain on the best-seller lists - and are then retired to discount store (those jumbled graveyards of books, so saddening to the hearts of authors) shortly before dropping out of print altogether. 3) Books that are planned for rapid oblivion probably make some kind of economic sense to publishing houses, but as contribution to literature they amount to a contradiction in terms. 短篇小说：躺下去就好(节选)文：林培源 他感觉是不是也这样？身体脑袋魔术师He felt he was shrinking in stature and his body became so light that he seemed able to levitate. Was this what dying felt like? A ligher body, a swollen head and in his trance an invisible sorcerer by his side, whose magic would instantly lift him up, and that well before it was daybreak.小说的标点符号不用太当一回事。眼珠子是浑浊的，却透着光，His eyeballs were muddy, but still glistened with some shine.愣得张大嘴巴gaped一时没听清Unable to make out what he had heard.这次，庆丰听清了，This time, the very word sank in：脸色不由得沉下来 Could not help but let his face down. 竟然, no less! / (前面如有一个惊奇的情景可用should)开门见山Minced no words to say棺木Casket寿棺Eternity box棺材Coffin 一股无名火在心底烧得旺A fit of indiscernible rage was blazing in the depths of his heart.余亮停下来，他的眼底潮湿了Yu Liang passed, his eyes moistSo Ive, ercome to you.“突突突”Zoomed on his 摩托车 庆丰发现自己又回到了木工厂，又端坐在榕树底下，只是这一次，剩父亲一人，他和这个坚硬的世界，早已失去关联。父亲打的这口棺，比普通的略大一些，