被动语态课件.ppt

Passivevoice,各种时态的被动语态结构:,1.一般现在时态的被动语态结构:am/is/are+vt过去分词,2.一般过去时态的被动语态结构:was/were+vt过去分词,3.含有情态动词的被动语态结构:情态动词+be+vt过去分词,4.一般将来时的被动语态结构:will/shall+be+vt过去分词,1.TodayEnglish_alloverChina.A.teachB.teachesC.istaughtD.aretaught2.Themeeting_twoweeksago.A.holdB.washeldC.wereheldD.isheld3.Thethief_bythepolicelastnight.A.caughtB.iscaughtC.wascaughtD.werecaught,4.Thephotos_whenIwasyoung.A.weretakenB.wastakenC.aretakenD.istaken5.Millieismybestfriend.I_often_toherparty.A.isinvitedB.aminvitedC.areinvitedD.wasinvited6.LastyearBeijing_byabigsandstorm.A.ishitB.werehitC.willbehitD.washit,areplannedtohelpthepoor,Whattheydoeveryyear,1.Charityactivities_(plan/tohelpthepoor).,arehandedouttopeople,Leaflets_(handout/topeopleinthestreet/volunteers).,inthestreetbyvolunteers,ToysandCDs_(sell/toraisemoney).,aresoldtoraisemoney,Whattheydidlastweek,Newbooks_(send/tochildreninpoorareas/theClass1,Grade8students).,weresenttochildreninpoor,areasbytheClass1,Grade8students,Warmclothes_(collect/forpoorpeople).,werecollectedforpoorpeople,Acharityshow_(hold/theStudentsUnion).,washeldbytheStudentsUnion,AmyandDanielaretalkingaboutcharities.Completetheirconversationwiththewordsinbracketsusingthepassivevoice.,Amy:ImreadingabookaboutOxfam.Daniel:Really?Pleasetellmeaboutit.,Amy:OK.Oxfam_(setup)intheUKin1942,andthefirstOxfamshop_(open)in1948.Nowithasabout15,000shopsinallovertheworld.Alotofthings_(sell)inOxfamshops,includingbooks.Themoney_(use)byOxfamtohelppoorpeople.,wassetup,wasopened,aresold,isused,Daniel:Thatsgood.TherearealsosomecharityprojectsinChina.Oneofthem_(call)ProjectHope.It_(start)in1989.Withitshelp,millionsofpoorchildrenalloverthecountry_(give)basiceducation.,iscalled,wasstarted,weregiven,Amy:Yea.Manyschools_(build)inpoorareaseachyear.,arebuilt,1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时：S(主语）+am/is/are+过去分词,变为被动语态,2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm,Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词,3AmycantakegoodcareofGina,GinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy.情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词,Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Theroom,willbecleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,一般将来时;willbe+动词的过去分词,请将下列主动语态变成被动语态1.Lucyboughtsomefruit.Somefruit_Lucy.2.UncleWangwaterstheflowerseveryday.Theflowers_UncleWangeveryday.3.Didtheybuildthebridgein1998?_thebridge_in1998?4.WhendidLuXunwritethesebooks?When_thesebooks_LuXun?,wasboughtby,arewateredby,Was,built,were,writtenby,5.Thefarmersdontgrowapplesonthefarm.Apples_onthefarm.6.Theydidntcleantheclassroomyesterday.Theclassroom_yesterday.小结：1、被动语态的转换，在be+过去分词中，确定_是关键，_永不变。2、Be的时态由_确定；be的单/复数由_确定。3、问句提前_;否定_后加not.,arentgrown,wasntcleaned,be形,过去分词,主动时态,被动主语,be动词,be,(二）情态动词的被动语态。1.Youcandotheworkallbyyourself.Thework_allbyyourself.2.Wemustplantmoretrees.Moretrees_.3.Weshoulddigalargehole.Alargehole_.4.Canweputourbikeshere?_ourbikes_here?5.Youmustntthrowrubbishhere.Rubbish_here.,canbedone,mustbeplanted,shouldbedug,Can,beput,mustntbethrown,6.Wecantseemanystars.Manystars_.小结：1.含情态动词的被动结构：_.2.疑问句提前_;否定句：_+not.,cantbeseen,情态动词+be+过去分词,情态动词,情态动词,Tomsfatherboughthimabook.He_abook(byhisfather)Abook_him(byhisfather),1.带双宾语的句子有两种改法:一般情况下把指人的宾语作为被动句的主语.当把直接宾语物作为主语时，要加介词to,for,wasbought,wasboughtfor,被动语态的用法,必背！,pass,show,send,此类动词有：,buy,beboughtfor,如：give,begivento,此类动词还有：,draw，make,cook,mend,必背！,1.PleasepassthebooktoLily.Lilyispassedthebook.ThebookispassedtoLilybyyouplease.2.Hegavemeabeautifulpresent.Iwasgivenabeautifulpresentbyhim.Abeautifulpresentwasgiventome.,必背！,2.感官动词(hear,see,watch,feel,notice等)和使役动词(let,makehave等)在主动语态中后接不带to的动词不定式,但是改为被动语态时,把to加在动词原形之前.（省to的动词不定的式改被动语态还原to）,Theymadetheboyswork12hoursaday.Weoftenseehimgoforawalkbytheriver.,Theboysweremadetowork12hoursaday.,Heisoftenseentogoforawalkbytheriver.,1.Theteachersoftenmakeusreadbooksinthemorning.Weareoftenmadetoreadbooksinthemorningbytheteachers.2.Wenoticedhimtalkwithmybrotherjustnow.Hewasnoticedtotalkwithmybrotherjustnow.3.WesawherhelpTomwhenweentertheroom.ShewasseentohelpTomwhenweentertheroom.4.Imadehimstopwhilehewasdoingthework.Hewasmadetostopwhilehewasdoingthework.,1.Icantakegoodcareofthebaby.2.Weshouldspeaktotheoldpolitely.,Theoldshouldbespokentopolitely.,Thebabycanbetakengoodcareof.,3.Thestudentsusuallylistentotheteachercarefully.,Theteacherisusuallylistenedtocarefullybythestudents.,3.动词短语变被动语态，要保持短语的完整性，后面的介词不能丢。,takecareofbetakencareof,cutdownbecutdown,laughatbelaughedat,lookafterbelookedafter,speaktobespokento,handinbehandedin,必背！,listentobelistenedto,汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如：ItissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouseandItwasreportedthathermotherdiedofSARS.众所周知Itiswellknownthat据推测说Itissupposedthat,1.不及物动词，后面不能直接带宾语，因此不能变为被动语态。,happen,takeplace,appear,disappear,belongto,breakout(爆发）,Theaccident_earlythismorning.happenedB.washappenedC.hashappened,TheOlympics_(takeplace)everyfouryears.,takeplace,不用被动语态的情况,必背！,2.连系动词（Link.v.)不用被动语态。如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become,Themusic_(sound)beautiful.,sounds,3.当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，不用被动语态。常与副词easy,well,easily等连用。,Thepen_(write)veryfast.,writes,Thiskindofsweater_(sell)well.,sells,1.-DidyougotoJimsbirthdayparty?-No,I_(北京2003年中招试题)A.amnotinvitedB.wasntinvitedC.haventinvitedD.didntinvited2.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish_intotheriver.A.needntbethrownB.mustntbethrownC.cantthrowD.maynotthrow(重庆2003年中招试题),中招名题回顾,3.Theworkersweremade12hoursadayntheolddays.A.workB.toworkC.beworkedD.worked4.Theirhomeworkhalfanhourago.washandedinB.washandedC.WillbehandedinD.washand,5.-Whatdoyouthinkofthefootballmatchyesterday?-Itssurprising.Thestrongestteam_.A.wasbeatenB.wonC.scoredD.wasfailed6.IwontcometothepartyunlessSue_.A.willinviteB.invitesC.invitedD.isinvited7.Whatareonshowinthemuseum?Somephotos_byAfricanchildren.A.aretakenB.havebeentakenC.takenD.weretaken8.Theboy_studyathomebyherlastSunday.AmadeBwasmadeCwasmadetoDmadeto,中招模拟,9.Thetreesmust_threetimesaweek.A.waterB.iswateringC.bewateredD.waters10.Anothernewbuilding_lastmonthnearmyschool.A.wasbuiltB.builtC.hasbeenbuiltD.isbuilt,11.Anewbridge_overtherivernextyear.AisbuiltBwillbuildCwillbebuiltDwillbuilt12.TVandradioprogrammes_theothersideoftheworldwiththehelpofthesatellites.AcansendtoBcansendonCcanbesenttoDcanbesenton,13.Insummermeatandfruit_foralongtime.AcantbekeptBdoesntkeepCisnotkeptDisntkeeping14.Thesefilms_byyoungchildren.AshouldnotseenBshouldntbeseenCshouldbenotseenDshouldsee15.Thepieceofmusic_great.AsoundsBsoundedCissoundedDissounding,16.It_inasmallvillagelastmonth.AhappenedBwashappenedChappenDhadhappened,17.Ourclassroomshould_cleanandtidy.AwaskeptBbekeptCiskeepDhavekept,18.Noletter_sinceyouleftforShanghai.AhavereceivedBhavebeenreceivedChadbeenreceivedDhasbeenreceived19.Imafraidyoucantgoin.Theroom_.AispaintedBhaspaintedCisbeingpaintedDispainting,20.Thegirl_singingwhenwepassedby.AheardBwasheardCwasheardtoDheardto,21.Mynewpen_well.AwritesBiswritingCiswrittenDwaswriting22.Anotherbridge_setupovertheriverin6years.AisbeingBwillbeen