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自动洗车 系统设计 论文

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摘要为了降低操作人员的劳动强度，节省各种能耗，提高停车场对汽车清洗的质量和效率，采用PLC控制技术在洗车机上的应用，来解决公交车辆洗车机手自一体化的控制问题。本文论述了洗车机的类型及其在中国市场的应用情况，全自动洗车机的工作原理及其主要优点，并提供了典型全自动洗车机的技术参数。本文详细讲述了公交车专用“五刷轨道移动式龙门全自动洗车机”的方案，重点论述了为洗刷定位及移动精确控制而专门开发的“基于单片机技术的电流互感控制器”的设计方法和设计原理，并提供了详细的原理图及控制程序。关键词：洗车机；自动控制；PLC控制技术。ABSTRACTToreducetheamountoflabor，saveenergyconsumptionandimprovethequalityandefficiencyofbuscleaning，PLCcontroltechnologyisusedinthebuswashertosolvethecontrollingproblemofbuswasherwithbothwasherandhands．Thethesisdiscussthetypesandapplicationsofthecar-washingmachineinchinamarket,anditsprinciple,mainadvantage.Themaintechnologicparametersareprovided.Themanufactureplanfoautomaticcar-washinemachinewithfivemobilebrushessianalysedindetail.inparticularthedesignmethodandprincipleofcurrentmutualinductancecontrollerbasedonsinglechipcomputorfortheorientationandaccuracymovementcontrolofthecar-washingbrushareemphaticallydiscussed.Theprinciplechartsandconctrolprogrammesaresupplied.Keywords：car-washingmachine，automationcontrol，PLCcontroltechnology.目录1绪论.......................................................................................................................11.1概述.............................................................................................................11.2基本要求.....................................................................................................11.3项目的技术问题.........................................................................................11.4洗车机概述.................................................................................................21.4.1自动洗车机市场前景......................................................................21.4.2洗车机的类型..................................................................................31.4.3全自动洗车机的主要优点..............................................................31.5两种全自动洗车机简述.............................................................................51.5.1隧道式洗车机..................................................................................51.5.2往复式洗车机..................................................................................71.6解析机器洗车的五大误区.........................................................................92“五刷轨道移动式龙门全自动洗车机”方案...................................................122.1项目对控制系统的要求..........................................................................122.2设备硬件的选择.......................................................................................132.2.1PLC的选型.....................................................................................132.2.2传感器的选型...............................................................................152.3控制系统的硬件设计...............................................................................172.4控制程序的实现.......................................................................................232.5控制系统的抗干扰措施...........................................................................293基于单片机技术的电流互感控制器设计..........................................................303.1概述...........................................................................................................303.2采用模拟电路的“电流互感控制器”设计...........................................303.2.1概述................................................................................................303.2.2主要元件“四电压比较器LM339”简介....................................313.3采用基于单片机技术的“电流互感控制器”设计...............................333.3.1控制要求及原理...........................................................................333.3.2控制器选择....................................................................................343.3.3硬件电路设计................................................................................413.4气路的设计...............................................................................................433.4.1气路工作原理................................................................................433.4.2气路控制系统的设计....................................................................443.4.3气路元件的选择............................................................................454机械设计部分......................................................................................................464.1洗车机组成...............................................................................................464.2行走机构设计...........................................................................................464.2.1车轮与轨道的构造形式................................................................464.2.2轨道的选取....................................................................................474.3垂直刷电机的选择...................................................................................48论文总结.................................................................................................................49参考文献.................................................................................................................50附录.........................................................................................................................51翻译部分...................................................................................错误!未定义书签。英文原文：.......................................................................错误!未定义书签。中文译文：.......................................................................错误!未定义书签。致谢...........................................................................................错误!未定义书签。

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