2014届高考英语一轮复习专题64Helpingpeoplearoundtheworld精品讲案

1、2014届高考英语一轮复习专题6.4 Helping people around the world精品讲案 一、高频单词熟记英语汉语英语汉语lack v. & n.缺乏；缺少的东西victim n.受害者equalv.与相同或相等， adj.平等的；同等的；胜任的n.同等的人；相等物alternative adj.可供替代的n.可供选择的事物contribute v. 捐献，捐赠(尤指款或物)，捐助acquire v.购得；获得，得到worthwhile adj.重要的；令人愉快的；值得花时间(或花钱、努力等) commitment n.承诺，保证；投入，奉献；不得不做的事means n.手

2、段，方法vacant adj.空着的，未被占用的；(职位)空缺的obtain v.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得troublesome adj.麻烦的，讨厌的，棘手的remote adj.偏远的，偏僻的staff n.全体员工barrier n.障碍，隔阂；屏障，障碍物词性（词形）变化refer vi.参考；谈及；咨询reference n. 参考，参照description n. 描写，形容，说明describe v. 描写，形容；画出political adj.政治的， 政府的politics n. 政治学， 政治politician n. 政治家worthy adj.令人敬重的；值得的，有价值

3、的worth adj. 有价值，值钱voluntary adj.志愿的；自愿的volunteer n. & vi.志愿者；志愿contribute v. & vi.捐献，捐赠，捐助contribution n. 贡献；捐款， 捐献物；投稿expand vi. & v.扩大， 扩张，扩展；膨胀expansion n. 扩大，扩张，扩展；膨胀urgent adj.急迫的，紧要的urgency n. 紧急 starvation n饥饿；饿死starve v. 挨饿，饿死 possession n个人财产；拥有，具有possess v. 拥有，具有lack n. 缺乏lacking adj.缺乏的；短

4、缺的 remind v.提醒，使想起reminder n. 提醒物，提示物commitment n. 承诺；投入，奉献commit v. 承诺；投入，奉献二、重点短语背诵英语汉语英语汉语make up组成get hold of得到；抓住refer to谈及，提到；指称；查阅，参考remind somebody of让某人想起，提醒某人set up成立，建立think back to回想break down出故障；抛锚make a difference 有作用(关系、影响)in addition除以外(还)，此外lookup on the website在网上查draw someones att

5、ention to使(某人)察觉到donate money to charities向慈善结构捐款contribute . to .捐献givea short description给做个简单介绍under the umbrella of在的保护下，在的管理下be decorated with sth.用装饰if only只要be forced to do sth被迫做某事in chaos处于混乱状态with the help/aid of在的帮助下三、经典句型仿写1.【教材原句】I am very happy to have been chosen to be a Goodwill Amba

6、ssador for them.(P50)我很高兴被选为联合国的一名亲善大使。【典句仿写】我认为被允许学习你的工作方法是我莫大的荣幸。I consider it the greatest honour _ to study your method of working.【答案】to have been permitted2.【教材原句】As you know, the UN touches the lives of people everywhere.(P50)正如你们所知，联合国触及世界各地人们的生活。【典句仿写】正如我们所预料的，我们队赢了那场比赛。_, our team won the

7、game.【答案】As we had expected3.【教材原句】I would rather you hadnt told me about it. (P56)我宁愿你还没有把那件事告诉我。【典句仿写】我更愿意昨天没见到她。Id rather that I _ her yesterday.【答案】hadnt seen4.【教材原句】From what you said, it is clear that UNICEF would not be so popular had it not done so much for children.(P57)从你所说的看来，很清楚联合国儿童基金会要

8、不是为儿童做了那么多的事，它就不那么受欢迎了。【典句仿写】要是他的电视机昨天没有被偷，他现在就在看电视了。_his television set not been stolen yesterday, he_ TV now.【答案】had; would be watching5.【教材原句】If only there were more people donating money to charities!(P57)要是有更多的人向慈善结构捐款该多好啊!【典句仿写】要是没有这么多的作业该多好啊！If only we students _ so much homework！【答案】didnt ha

9、ve第二板块 考点详析一、词汇考点考点-1. lack【教材原句】When there is a lack of food, there is hunger. (P49)当食物缺乏时就有饥饿。【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子，注意lack的词性、意义和搭配We still lack the necessary information. He was set free for/through lack of evidence. They are so rich that they lack nothing. She is lacking in confidence when deliveri

10、ng a speech in public. Her decision seems to show a lack of political judgment. We have no lack of water here. 【即时巩固】单项选择题题(2010福建卷)More and more highrise buildings have been built in big cities space.A. in search of B. in place of C. for lack of D. for fear of Health problems are closely connected

11、with bad eating habits and a _ of exercise.A. limit B. lackC. need D. demand考点-2. equal【教材原句】In addition, the UN helps protect human rights and works to improve international laws, for example, those on child labour and on equal rights for minorities and women. (P50)此外，联合国还协助保护人权，改善国际法，例如那些关注童工、少数民族

12、和妇女平等权利的法律。【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子As far as Im concerned, he is not equal to the job.就我个人而言，他 。No one equals him in strength.论力气，无人能 。This job could be done equally well by a computer.这个工作用计算机 。【答案】就我个人而言，他不适合这项工作。论力气，无人能和他相比。这个工作用计算机同样可以做得很好。【自主归纳】equal v. 与相同或相等，等于；抵得上 adj.平等的；同等的；胜任的 n. 同等的人；相等物be equ

13、al to n. /doing sth.等于；与相等；有的能力；胜任A equals B in .A在方面比得上B be equal in sth. 在某方面相等equally adv. 同样地，平等地【即时巩固】单项选择题(2012福建卷) Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be _respected.A. especiallyB. equallyC. naturallyD. normallyI dont feel equal _ doing the job. Its too difficult for me.

14、 A. to B. for C. in D. on【答案】A 【解析】句意：我感觉我不能胜任这份工作，这工作对我来说太难。be equal to doing 表示“有做的能力，胜任”。考点-3. touch【教材原句】As you know, the UN touches the lives of people everywhere.(P50)正如你们所知，联合国触及世界各地人们的生活。【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子，注意touch的词性、意义和搭配To our disappointed, they didnt touch the topic we were interested in

15、at the meeting .使我们感到失望的是, 在会上他们没有 。Dont touch the report on my desk. 我桌子上的报告。Im trying to get in touch with Jane. Do you have her number?我正在设法 。你有她的电话号码吗？ He has been out of touch with his family for more than one year. 他与家人 。To my disappointment, I have lost touch with all my old friends. 令我失望的是，我

16、与所有的老朋友都 。After graduation, they still keep touch with each other. 毕业后，他们相互之间仍然 。We are all touched by his touching story.我们都 ！使我失望的是，我与所有的老朋友都失去了联系。毕业后，他们相互之间仍然保持着联系。我们都被他感人的故事感动了！【即时巩固】单项选择题It was not easy for him to get _ his friends in such hard situation.A. in connection to B. in touch with C.

17、in contract with D. in relation toThanks to the invention of the mobile phone，people can now keep in _ with each other quite easily.A. relation B. union C. touch D. connection【答案】C【解析】keep in touch with.“与保持联系”，是固定搭配。考点-4. available【教材原句】One of the goals is to ensure that clean water is available to

18、 everyone.(P51)目标之一是保证每个人都能喝到干净的水。【例句研读】用(be)available替换划线部分Ill send you all the magazines I have got.Ill send you all the magazines .These tickets are valid for one month only.These tickets for one month only.Theres nothing to eat in the refrigerator.Theres nothing in the refrigerator.Im afraid I w

19、ont be free the whole week.Im afraid I wont in the whole week.Will you be able to attend a meeting tomorrow morning? you for a meeting tomorrow morning?Could you spare some time to be present in my wedding ceremony?Could you make it to be present in my wedding ceremony?【答案】 availableare available av

20、ailable be available Are available available 【即时巩固】单项选择题(2012福建卷) Can you lend me the book Gone with the Wind? Sorry. I returned it to the library just now. Maybe it is still _.A. availableB. affordableC. acceptableD. valuable【答案】A【解析】文中说话人刚把书还回图书馆，可能还可以借到。available：可得到的、可借到的；affordable：负担得起的；accept

21、able：可接受的；valuable：有价值的。Is Professor Smith _ this afternoon?Sorry, he might be _ with work the whole afternoon.A. convenient; busy B. possible; busyC. busy; free D. available; occupied 考点-5. contribute【教材原句】They collected approximately 1.35 yuan per day from each member and add it to some money cont

22、ributed by the government. (P51)她们每天从每个小组成员那里收取大约1.35元，将这些钱和政府资助的一部分钱加在一起。【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子Various factors contributed to his downfall.多种因素 。She contributes regularly to a physics journal.她经常向一家物理杂志社 。They have made outstanding contributions to our country.他们 。【即时巩固】单项选择题Everyone is encouraged to _

23、something to those who suffered a great deal in the earthquake.A. construct B. connect C. contribute D. collectIn my opinion，the English Corner greatly _ to our English study.A. benefits B. helpsC. contributes D. turns考点-6. worthwhile【教材原句】There are lots of worthwhile programmes like this under the

24、umbrella of the UN that have helped millions of people across the world. (P51)在联合国的管理体系中，还有很多此类的重要项目，它们已经为全世界数以百万计的人提供了帮助。【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子Helping the disabled is a worthwhile activity.帮助残疾人是一项 。Its worthwhile taking the trouble to explain some questions fully to new classmates.给新同学详细解释一些问题， 。【答案】帮

25、助残疾人是一项很有意义的活动。 给新同学详细解释一些问题，费点事也是值得的。【自主归纳】worthwhile: Its worthwhile doing .=Its worthwhile to do .值得做某事worth: be worth n.值得，值be worth doing“某事值得被做”要用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。表示“很值得被做”要用副词 well 来修饰worthworthy: be worthy of n.应得某事物be worthy of being done=be worthy to be done“某事值得被做”，接动名词时of 后要用动名词的被动式； 接不定式时

26、，worthy后要用不定式的被动式。worthy 作定语时，表示“有价值的，值得尊敬的”The lecture is well worth listening to, though it is rather long.Of course, its still worthwhile for us to analyse events of the past.It is worthwhile to travel to Beijing which is worth visiting, that is, which is worthy of being visited.【即时巩固】单项选择题(2010湖

27、北卷)Mistakes dont just happen; they occur for a reason. Find out the reason and then making the mistake becomes . A. favourable B. precious C. essential D. worthwhile_on a true story, the film is well worth_.A. To base；to see B. Based；seeingC. Basing；being seen D. Basing；seeingHow do you find the Bri

28、tish Museum?Great! Its _worth_.A. very; visitingB. well; a visitC. quite; being visitedD. very much; visiting 请参看：模块一Unit 2 Growing pains中的考点-4. deserve考点-7. means【教材原句】Health care is limited as there are no doctors or nurses in the villages no one has the means to pay them. (P59)村庄里的医疗卫生条件是有限的，因为那里

29、没有医生也没有护士没有人有办法支付他们的报酬。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思By the time I arrived at the ward, my consultant was already there, explaining that we still had to run lots of tests and that it was by no means confirmed that he had cancer.The burglars entered the house by means of a ladder.By no means is this the first t

30、ime you have been late.【答案】根本无法确定他得了癌症。用梯子爬进了这所房子这绝不是你第一次迟到。【即时巩固】单项选择题(2011浙江卷)Can I come and have a look at your new house? Yes, _! A. with pleasure B. I like it C. I quite agree D. by all means Every possible means_，but it seems that nothing will prevent the situation from getting worse.A. has tr

31、ied B. have triedC. has been tried D. have been triedWe express our thoughts _words and body language.A. in terms of B. in spite of C. in case D. by means of考点-8. access【教材原句】Meanwhile, in the rest of the city, shelter and access to food and clean water are big problems.(P62)与此同时，在这座城市的其他地区，住所、食物和干净

32、水的供给都成了大问题。【例句研读】根据英语句子完成汉语句子，体会access的意义Citizens may have free access to the library.市民 图书馆。Only a few people have access to the full facts of the case. 只有少数几个人 有关该案全部事实的材料。The only access to the building is along a narrow, muddy track. 是一条泥泞的小路。【答案】市民可以免费使用图书馆。只有少数几个人能看到有关该案全部事实的材料。进入这座建筑物的唯一通道是一条

33、泥泞的小路。【即时巩固】单项选择题(2009江西卷)Frank put the mediocre in the top drawer to make sure it would not be _ to the kids. A. accessible B. relative C. acceptable D. sensitive【答案】A【解析】be accessible to 为能够接近； be relative to 和有关系； be acceptable to 为所接受 ； be sensitive to 对敏感, 易接受。(2009浙江卷)The system has been desig

34、ned to give students quick and easy _ to the digital resources of the library. A. access B. passageC. wayD. approachComputer lessons must be _ to students of all grades, so that they can master this modern communication and learning tool.A. avoidable B. accessibleC. valuable D. acceptable本考点在模块三 Uni

35、t 2 Language中的考点-4. access已经详解，为了得到强化，这儿再次提及。考点-9. flee【教材原句】Many of the people have fled to the mountains to escape.(P 62)许多人为躲避（洪水）逃到了山上。【例句研读】用flee，escape的适当形式填空The robbers were frightened and .He was caught trying to the country. They have set up a camp for refugees from the warTwo prisoners las

36、t night.The fish from the net.【答案】fled flee fleeing escaped escape 【自主归纳】flee与escape的用法辨别flee表示“逃走、飞奔”，着重动作本身，常含有因“惧怕”而逃跑的意味。escape多表示逃跑后的结果（如未被捕获），并不指逃跑的动作本身；此外escape还常常可以用于借喻中，后接动名词或 notice（注意），search（搜寻），memory（记忆），punishment（惩罚）之类的名词，表示“溜过去了” 、“未能注意到（寻到、想起）、逃避惩罚”。根据汉语完成英语句子他逃过了惩罚。He escaped puni

37、shment/being punished. 她没被抓住。She escaped being caught. 我没注意到这一事实。The fact escaped my notice. 当时敌兵们四处逃窜。At that moment, the enemy soldiers were fleeingin all directions.【即时巩固】单项选择题On hearing someone talking, the thief the office. A. ran away B. broke in C. ran out D. fled The boy was lucky enough to

38、being killed in the traffic accident yesterday.A. flee B. escape C. caughtD. flee from.【答案】DB考点-10.考点-11. remind【教材原句】It reminded me of my time in Sudan, where several Doctors without Borders staff were attacked as people tried to get the food. (P63)这使我想起了自己在苏丹的日子，当时有好几名无国界医生组织的工作人员在人们争夺食物时受到了攻击。【例句

39、研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思There are also styles to remind me of Mum a tiny chair which used to be in her bedroom is set in one room.Mary, I reminded John of his promise to help you.Please remind him that we are leaving at six tomorrow morning.Its nice of you to remind me to take my overcoat.【答案】让我想起母亲 提醒了约翰他要

40、帮你的诺言 提醒他 提醒我带上大衣【自主归纳】remind v.提醒，使想起remind sb. of sth.使某人想起某事remind sb. to do sth. 使某人想起做某事；提醒某人做某事remind sb. that . 使某人想起；提醒某人/警告某人回顾；回首（往事）；回忆 look back on(upon)/look back to sth.回忆做过某事 recall doing sth/having done sth【即时巩固】单项选择题In our childhood, we were often _ by Grandma to pay attention to ou

41、r table manners. A. demandedB. reminded C. allowed D. hopedWe must have enough evidence to_ the members of the committee of the safety of nuclear plants.Otherwise, they wouldnt agree to our plan. A. remindB. inform C. convince D. warn 考点-12. refer to【教材原句】I am pleased to have this chance today to ta

42、lk to you about the United Nations or the UN, as it is more often referred to. (P50) 我很高兴今天有机会跟大家谈谈联合国，联合国也叫UN，这个名称更常用。【例句研读】指出下列句中refer to的意义He never referred to his sisters in his letters. If you dont know the spelling of a word, you should refer to a dictionary. The matter has been referred to th

43、e United Nations. He is referred to as a great artist. 【答案】涉及，提到 查阅，参考 被提交给 被看成是【自主归纳】谈及，提到；指称；查阅，参考 refer to把提交给 refer sth. to.被提交给 be referred to把看成是 refer toas被看成是 be referred to asrefer的名词形式是reference：reference book参考书；make a reference to参考【即时巩固】单项选择题Most of us know we should cut down on fat, bu

44、t knowing such things isnt much help when it shopping and eating. A. refers to B. speaks of C. focuses on D. comes toThe president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without _his notes. A. bringing up B. referring to C. looking for D. trying onHe suggested the man _ _ into prison.A. re

45、ferred to being put B. referred to put C. referred to putting D. referred to be put【答案】DBD考点-13. 考点-14. set up【教材原句】So, when was the United Nations set up? (P50)那么联合国是什么时候成立的呢？【例句研读】指出下列句中set up的意义A new government was set up after the war. They wanted to set up a tent near the seashore. She set up a

46、 new world record time in the 100 metres. 【答案】成立，建立，竖起 搭起 创造【自主归纳】set about 散布谣言等；着手工作 set off 出发，启程；引爆，使爆炸 set out 出发，动身；着手做 set sb. a good example 给某人树立一个榜样 set sth. on fire/set fire to sth. 纵火烧 He set out to paint the whole house but finished only the front part. Do you know how to set about goin

47、g on this work?Do be careful with those fireworks; the slightest spark could set them off . .You should set a good example your younger brother.The enemy soldiers broke into the village and set fire to all the houses.【即时巩固】单项选择题He _ to write this novel last spring.A. set about B. set out C. set down

48、 D. set offFor all these years I have been working for others. Im hoping Ill _my own business someday. A. turn up B. fix up C. set up D. make up 【答案】BC考点-15. break down【自主归纳】break down 与break upbreak down 与break up都可表示分解，但是前者表示“化学分解”，而后者一般表示的是“物理分解”。 break up还有“破裂、分裂、使停止、结束”等意思。用上述两个词组填空（注意动词形式的变化）W

49、ater can be broken down into Hydrogen and Oxygen.Their marriage broke up after they had been married for ten years.The ice began to break up on the river.【即时巩固】单项选择题News reports say peace talks between the two countries _ with no agreement reached. A. have broken down B. have broken out C. have brok

50、en in D. have broken upThe computer system suddenly_ while he was searching for information on the Internet. A. broke down B. broke outC. broke upD. broke inTo understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it _ into parts.A. outB. downC. away D .up【答案】A AD二、句型考点考点-1.动词不定式的完成式及其它形式【教材原句】I am

51、 very happy to have been chosen to be a Goodwill Ambassador for them.(P50)我很高兴被选为联合国的一名亲善大使。【句法分析】to have been chosen是动词不定式被动式的完成形式，该结构表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前，且与其逻辑主语也就是句子的主语“”存在逻辑上的被动关系。本课中还有下列句子：I feel very honored to have been able to take on this role.(P50)能够担当这个角色，我感到很荣幸。句中“have been able”是动词不定式主动式的完成式，表示在谓语动作发生前已经发生或存在。【考点聚焦】动词不定式的各种形式及其基本用法一般式to doto be done完成式to have doneto have been done进行式to be doing完成进行式To have been doing动词不定式