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1、被动语态基础练习题及答案一、单项选择被动语态1. The officer comma nded that every one p ass ing bythat day.A. searchB. would be searchedC. be searched【答案】C【解析】D. must be searched【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:军官命令那天经过的人都被搜查。comma nd后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气,(should) +动词原形,此处 everyone和search之间是被动关系,故答案为Co2. The affairs of each country should be y its o

2、wn people.A. elected B. settledC. developed D. contained【答案】B【解析】考查动词。句意为:各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知,选 意为 解决” elect选举;develop发展;contain包含,控制。故选 Bosettle ,3. At the awarding ceremony held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what scie nee and tech no logy.A. has discovered B. has been discoveredinC.

3、 had discovered D. had been discovered【答案】D【解析】句意:在东京举行的颁奖仪式上,科学家们惊讶于科学技术的发现。科学家们感到惊讶是过去式,故科学技术发现用过去完成时,what于动词discover是被动关系,故选Do4. Will Uncle P eters on come to my birthday party tomorrow?Pity heto Zimbabwe as a volun teer teacher.A. was sent B. has been sentC. had been sent D. would be sent【答案】B【解

4、析】考查时态和语态。句意:Peterson叔叔明天会来参加我的生日聚会吗?5. Many artifactsfor the first time in the Nati onal Museum at p rese nt.可惜他已经被派到 Zimbabwe去做志愿教师了。由语境可知,Uncle Peterson被派到Zimbabwe这是发生在过去的事情,这个动作对现在产生了影响,故该空应用现在完成时 态。且主语he和send之间是被动关系,故该句要用被动语态。综上,B选项正确。A. were exhibited B . were being exhibitedC. are being exhib

5、ited D . are exhibited【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意:许多史前古器物目前正在国家博物馆首次展出。根据时间状语 “ at Present可知,句子描述现在正在进行的动作,主语artifacts与谓语exhibit之间是被动关系,故用现在进行时的被动语态。故选Co6. Do you know why a meeti ng by the middle school teachers last Sun day?To dema nd smaller classes of no more tha n 25 to 30 stude nts in each class.A.

6、was held B. had been heldC. has held D. held【答案】A【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。meeting是hold逻辑上的宾语,故用被动语态,再由时间状语last Sunday可知用一般过去时。故选 A。句意: 你知道为什么上星期日中学老 师召开会议吗?一一要求更小班,每个班不超过 25-30个学生。7. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good eartheach year.A. is washing awayB. is being washed awayC. are washi

7、ng away【答案】D【解析】D. are being washed away【详解】本题考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。解题步骤:1.确定谓语单复数:根据quantity的用法,quantities of和a quantity of后面都可加不可数名词与可数名词复数,但 它们作主语时,quantities of.后面的谓语动词用复数,而a quantity of.的谓语动词用单数,故排除A、D项。2.确定第二空:随着森林的被毁,土壤正在被冲走,故应该用现在 进行时的被动语态。句意:随着森林的被毁,大量的优质土壤每年都被冲走。综上,故选D项。【名师点拨】quantities of和a q

8、uantity of后面加可数名词复数,做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式;quantities of后面加不可数名词,做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式;a quantity of后面加不可数名词,做主语时后面的谓语动词用单数形式。1. Large qua ntities of money havebeen sent there 大量的钱已经被送至U那里;A large quantity of money has been wasted.大量的钱已经被浪费;2.A large quantity of books have been offered to us.大量的书已经提供给我 们;Quant

9、ities of nuts are on the table.大量的坚果在桌子上。8. Did he decide to take part in the comp etiti on? Yes, of course. Heto.A. has been encouraging B. had been encouragedC has been encouraged D was to be encouraged 【答案】 B【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:D。C。in thebe他决定参加比赛吗?是的,当然。他已经被鼓 励参加比赛。根据 he 和动词 encourage 之间的逻辑关系分析,此处应该使

10、用被动形式,故 先排除 A 项。再和第一句话的一般过去时态结合起来分析,此处应该使用过去完成时态的被动语态。故选 B。9 Quantities of soilin the area, resulting in the increasing number of natural disasters. A is washed away B have washed awayC have washed away D have been washed away 【答案】 D【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:在这个地区大量的土壤被冲走了,结果导致自然灾害数 量增加。句中 soil 和 wash away 是被动

11、关系,此处指土壤已经被冲走并对现在造成影响, 故要用现在完成时,要用现在完成时的被动语态,故选10 When I got to his house, I found that the walls Aare being painted Bare paintingC were being painted D were painting【答案】 C【解析】考查过去进行时态的被动语态。句意:当我到达他家的时候,我发现墙正在被粉刷。根据句意可知用过去进行时态的被动语态,故选11 107 The farmer said the PLA men came to rescue timely when they

12、 snowstorm.A were trapping B were being trappedCare trapping Dare being trapped【答案】 B 【解析】考查过去进行时的被动语态。句意:这位农民说他们在暴风雪中被困时,解放军 战士及时赶来营救。根据题干中的 said 判断从句中需要与过去相关的时态;根据短语 “ trapped in排除A和C;句中表示 被暴风雪困住的时候”,故用过去进行时的被动语态,故 选 B。点睛:对时态的选择,要在把握时态的基本用法的基础上,根据具体语境和题干中的时间 推断时态,同时关注特殊的结构。12 105 The International

13、 Olympic Committee announces here that an in crease of 15 events to the program of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.A will make B will be madeC has been made D had made 【答案】 B【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意:国际奥委会宣布在 2020 年东京奥运会上将增加 15 个比赛项目。从年份 2020 可以看出是将来的动作,项目和增加是被动关系,故要用将来时 的被动,故选 B。13 Oral English examsin China t

14、wice a year to give more chances to the students.A has held B will be heldC will hold D has been held 【答案】 B【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:英语口语考试将在中国每年举行两次,为的是给学生更 多的机会。句中主语 Oral English exams 和动词 hold 是被动关系,表示动作将要进行不是完 成,排除D,故选B。14(江苏四校第四次考试 )The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the

15、 missingshortly.B have been publishedD are publishedA will be published C had been published 【答案】 A【解析】考查时态。 shortly 不久,不多时,在句中作时间状语,表示将来,所以空处应该用将来 时。句意为:这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失,失踪人数很快就会公布。答案: A 15 Have you heard of yesterdays gas explosion?to have made it out safely.Yes. Only two of the 35 miners at the s

16、cene A have thought Bare thoughtChad thought D were thought 【答案】 B解析】 详解】考查时态语态。句意:你听说昨天的瓦斯爆炸了吗中,只有两名被认为安全获救。此处指现在只有 被动语态,故选 B.是的,在现场的 35 名矿工2 个人被认为安全获救,用一般现在时的16 People believe that the China Dream is not very difficult nation works hard for it.so long as the wholeArealizingC realized 【答案】 DB to be

17、 realizedD to realize解析】be difficult【详解】 考查固定句型和语态。句意:人们相信只要全国人民一起努力中国梦不难实现。to do 结构中,若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系,那么该不定式习惯上要用主动形式表示 被动意义。如: She was difficult to understand at times. 有时候她很不容易理解。能用于此结 构的形容词主要有 convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, safe, unpleasant

18、等。这类结构的特点是句子主语必须是其后不定式的逻辑宾语。 故选 D。17 Can we play basketball in the school gym? No, it during the summer holidays.Ais repaired Bis being repairedC was repaired D has been repaired 【答案】 B解析】 【详解】考查时态语态。句意: -我们可以在学校操场上打篮球吗?-不行,暑假期间操场正在被修B。葺。根据句意可知,这里是表示正在进行,所以要用现在进行时。主语it 和动词之间是被动关系,所以要用被动语态。故选18 I wan

19、t to buy that kind of cloth because Ithe clothwell.A have told ; washesBhave been told ; washesDhave been told ;is washedCwas told; washed【答案】 B解析】详解】考查语态时态。句意:因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗,于是我想去买这种布。第一空 中使用现在完成时表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响,且I 与 tell 是被动关系,所以使用现在完成时的被动形式。第二空中动词 wash 与副词 well 连用,用主动形式表示被动含 义。故 B 项正确。【点睛】小题 2 中

20、考查了主动表示被动的用法,涉及“主语+不及物动词 +主语补语 ”句型中的一些不及物动词使用主动表示被动的用法。具体用法如下:1)系动词没有被动形式,但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste (吃起来),sou nd (听起来),prove(证明是),feel(摸上去感到)等,例如:你的理由听起来很合理。Your reason sounds reasonable.Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth. 良药苦口。2)些与cant(不能)或wont(不会)连用的动词。常用的有:lock(锁住),shut(关上),open(打开,营业),close

21、(关门),cut (切割),weigh (重),act (上演),例如:The door wont open.这门打不开。It cant move.它不能动。This shop opens much earlier than it used to. Each stone weighs 2 tons.3)些与 well(很),easily(容易地),perfectly(十分地)等连用的动词,如:sell, wash, clean, burn, cook, wash, write, last, read, wear等。这种 动词+副词结构,常表示事物内部特有 的属性。例如:The book sel

22、ls well.这种书很畅销。These clothes wash well. 这些衣服很耐洗。4)用在主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词 例如:This material has worn thin.这料子已磨薄了。The dust has blown into the house.灰尘被风吹进了房子。This kind of cloth washes well and lasts long.The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothly.Written in simple English, this

23、article reads easily.5)某些不及物动词,如happen, occur, cost以及短语,如 come out (出版),come up(出现),come into being (产生)come to onesmind (想起),turn out (证明是)(爆发),belong to (属于)等,本身表被动含义,所以come about (发生),break out它们常用主动形式。The first textbooks written forteaching English as a foreign Ianguage cameout in the18th centur

24、y.Suddeniy an idea came to hismind. It never occurred to me to phoneyou.19. Are you going to attend the meetingnext Saturday?A. holding B.C. to hold D .【答案】Dholdto be held【解析】【详解】考查动词不定式般式的被动式作后置定语。句意:你要参加下星期六举行的会议吗?根据D。next Saturday可知,事情还未发生,the meeting和hold之间是一种被动关系,所以用动词 不定式一般式的被动式作后置定语,且表示将来。故选i

25、nto op erati on n ati on wide by20. As is estimated, more than 20 million shared bikes 2025.C. have been putD. will be puttingA. will have been putB. will have put【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意:据估计,到 2025年为止,全国将有 2000多万辆共享单车投入 运营。根据by 2025可知应用将来完成时,且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,故应为将来 完成时的被动语态。故选A。21 Pity that I haven It

26、 doesn t matter. Itictkgeot tfoar the concert tonight. m sure it on TV.A will be broadcastB will broadcastC has been broadcast 【答案】 AD is broadcasting解析】【详解】 考查动词时态及语态。句意:很可惜我没有今晚的音乐会的票。它会在电视上现场直播的。因为今晚将发生的事,所以应用将来时,没关系,我相信 it 代替 concert ,它与broadcast 之间是被动关系,应使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选 【点睛】A。本题难度适中。动词的时态和语态放在一

27、起考查增加了试题的难度,需要考生有分析理解 复杂的句子结构的能力,必须会根据语境或已给动词的形式来判断动词的时态。如本题 中,因为今晚将发生的事,所以应用将来时,it 代替 concert ,它与 broadcast 之间是被动关系,应使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。22 The Palace Museum has put on many attractions since itin 2017.A had been rebuiltBwas rebuiltC had rebuiltDrebuilt答案】 B解析】 【详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意:自从 2017 年重新修缮,故宫博物院内部已经

28、增加了许多景点。 分析语境可知,重新修缮是过去某个具体时间点( 2017 年)发生的事情,应用一般过去时;此处也可用固定句型have/has done since来理解,该句型中主句用完成时,since引导的从句使用一般过去时;故宫博物院是 “被”相关人员修缮,应使用被动语态, was rebuilt 符合题意,故选 B。23 New energy-sharing projects in dozens of cities across the country to fuel Chinasharing economy in the next few years.B are being carri

29、ed outD will have been carried outAare to carry outC were carried out【答案】 B解析】 【详解】 考查时态及语态。句意:新的能源共享项目正在全国数十个城市开展,目的是给中国未来 几年的经济提供动力。根据语境可知,表示新的能源共享项目正在城市中开展实施,才能 给中国的经济提供动力。要用现在进行时。 New energy-sharing projects 与动词 carry out 是 被动关系,因此要用现在进行时的被动语态。 A. are to carry out 一般将来时的被动,表示 将实施, B. are being c

30、arried out 一般现在时的被动,表示正在被实施, C. were carried out表示动作发生在过去,一般过去时的被动; 动。故选 B。D. will have been carried out 将来完成时的被24 The father,along with his four children,hangzhou.When they will be backfixed.Ahave gone to;isnBthad gone to;is notCwent to;arentDhas gone to;has notbeen【答案】 D解析】详解】考查的是主谓一致性及时态。句意:这位父亲和

31、他的四个孩子去杭州了。他们什么时候回 来还没有定下来。 along with , together with , as well as, with 引导并列主语时,谓语动词与 前面的主语保持主谓一致,根据 When they will be backfixed. 可知,说话时他们不在现场,应使用 have/has gone to 到“某地去 ”; When they will be back 是主语从句,谓语动词应 使用单数形式,结合从句中的时态可知,此处应使用现在完成时,表示对现在的影响。故 选 D。25Every possible means to prevent the air poll

32、ution, but sky is still not clear.A is usedBare usedChave usedDhas been used【答案】 D解析】详解】 考查主谓一致和动词时态语态。句意:所有可能的方法都被用来防止空气污染,但天空仍然不明朗。means当名词解释为方法”,单复数同型,且 every+主语,谓语动词用单数; means 与动词 use 之间是被动关系,根据语境 “所有的方法都用了 ”,应该用现在完成时的 被动语态。故选 D。点睛】“ each/every单数名词+and+单数名词等结构作主语当“each/every单数名词+and+单数名词或“each/e

33、very单数名词+and+ each/every+单数名 词”结构作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。如:Each boy and each girl has been invited to the teaparty. 每个男孩和每个女孩都被邀请参加茶 话会。to the fields of IT.The boy and the girl each have their own toys. 这个男孩和这个女孩都有他们自己的玩具。A has introduced26 With the development of science, more new technologyB is being int

34、roducedD was introducedC is introduced 【答案】 BIT 领域。表示现阶段正在进行解析】 试题分析:句意,随着科技的发展,更多新的技术被引进到 的动作,用现在进行时。且主语 new technology 与动作 introduce 之间是被动关系,用现在 分词的被动语态,故选 B。考点:时态和语态考查题 点评:动词是谓语动所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。英语动词有 16 种时态,但 是常用的只有 9 种:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、 现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。当句子的主语是动作的执行者 时,谓

35、语的形式叫主动语态。句子的主语是动作承受者时,谓语的形式叫被动作语态。被 动语态由助动词 be + 过去分词构成,时态通过 be 表现出来。if both the angry female27The accident which left 15 people on board dead passenger and the bus driver had kept calm.A should have avoidedBshould be avoidedD could have been avoidedC could have avoided 【答案】 D【解析】【详解】考查 “情态动词 +完成式

36、”。句意:如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机保持冷静,这起导致15 人死亡的事故本来是可以避免的。 could have done 本“来能做而没有做 ”,且句子主语 TheD。accident 和谓语动词 avoid 之间是被动关系,结合句意可知答案为 【点睛】 情态动词 + have done 结构:1. “must + have过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只 用于肯定句。如: It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.2. “ can / could + have过去分词表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或

37、不确定。can和could 一般用于否定句和疑问句, could 的语气较 can 弱。如: He cant have finished the work so soon.3. “ may / might + have 过+ 去分词 ”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might 的语气比 may 弱一点。这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can 或could。如: They may not have known it beforeha nd.4. “ need + have过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多 余。如: I neednt ha

38、ve bought so much wine only five people came.5. “ should / ought to + have +过去分词 ”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该 做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意, ought to 的语气比 should 强一些。如:You ought to / should have studied harder. 你本应该更努力学习的 .(但没有) He oughtnt to / shouldnt have done that. 他本来就不该做那件事 .(可是做了)6. “ would have 过去分词 ”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种 原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用 should 或 ought to 那样含有责备之意。 如

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