介词+关系词引导的定语从句

1、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 【知识点1】 直接位于介词之后的关系代词只能是which或whom，构成介词+which (指物)；介词+whom (指人)两种结构。 【例】 The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner. 【例】 The service about which the students complain a lot should be improved. 【例】 He is a library assistant from whom I borrowed some books. 【例】It is a famous sc

2、hool from which he graduated 3 years ago. 【例】 The chair on which he is sitting now is made of wood. 【知识点2】 直接位于介词后面的关系代词不能省略，但如果将介词移于句子末尾而不位于关系代词之前时， 可省。 【例】 The man (who/that/whom) you talk to just now is a famous runner. 【例】 The service (which/that) the students complain about a lot should be impr

3、oved. 【例】 He is a library assistant (whom/that/who) I borrowed some books from. 【例】It is a famous school (which/that) he graduated from 3 years ago. 【例】 The chair (which/that) he is sitting on now is made of wood. 【知识点3】 关系副词 when, where, why可以相应地转化为：介词+which结构。 【例】 This is the house where I lived t

4、wo years ago. =This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 【例】 Do you remember the day when you joined our club? =Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 【例】I don t know the reason why he said so. =I don t know the reason for which he said so. 【知识点4】 有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，一般还是放在

5、动语之后，不提前： 【例】 He is the student (who/whom/that) the teachers are looking for. 【例】 The number of the children (who/whom/that) she takes care of is 30. 【知识点5】 注意复杂介词短语+which或whom引导的定语从句，是高考考查热点。 【例】 They fin ally climbed up the mountain, on top of which many stra nge birds were see n. 【例】 Look at the

6、photo. This is Mr. Green, in front of whom sit three students. 【知识点6】 不定代词+of+ which/ whom 引导的定语从句可化为of+ which/ whom+ 不定代词 结构；这也是 高考常考点。其中用至 U的不定代词有some, any, none, both, all, many, a few, few, a little, little, either, n either, one,等等。 【例】 There are 40 students in our class, most of whom (=of whom

7、 most) like English. 【例】These are books written by Mark Twain, one of which (=of which one ) was read to me by my father 【例】 She has two sons, neither of whom (=of whom neither ) is a teacher. 【例】 She has many books, none of which(=of which none) is interesting. 【知识点7】 关系代词 whose+名词 引导的定语 从句可转 化为the

8、+名词+of+ which / whom 或of+ which/whom+ the +名词结构；of表所属关系。 【例】I live in a room whose windows are all broken. =I live in a room of which the win dows are all broke n. =I live in a room the windows of which are all broken. 【例】 This is my teacher whose handwriting is excellent. =This is my teacher the ha

9、ndwriting of whom is excellent. =This is my teacher of whom the handwriting is excellent. 【知识点8】 由介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，当主从句主语一致时，定语从句可缩略为：介词+ which/whom+ to do 结构。 【例】I have a small room in which I live in. =I have a small room in which to live. =I have a small room to live in. 【例】 He has a good friend to

10、 whom he can turn for help. =He has a good friend to whom to tur n for help. =He has a good friend to turn to for help. 【知识点9】 介词后不一定只能接关系代词，可能会接关系副词，主要取决于介词及句子意思。 【例】 He used to live in London, from where he came from. 【例】 He graduated from Beijing University in 1988, since when he has improved him

11、self in all aspects. 【知识点10】 如何确定关系代词前的介词：将定语从句还原：构成两个搭配，即从句谓语部分与介词的适当 搭配；介词与先行词的正确搭配。 【例】 The picturewhich he paid $100 was once owned by a king. 【析】定语从句谓语是pay some money ;先行词为the picture ;还原句子即：He paid $100the picture.在本句中填上合适介词； 构成短语：pay some money for something。 【例】 This is Tom Sawyer,whom his t

12、eacher is proud. 【析】 还原： His teacher is proudTom Sawyer.构成短语： be proud of。 【例】 Can you think of a situation _in_ which this word can be used? 【例】I m grateful to him for that advice, _ o_ which I owed all my success. 练习题 一、填入 介词+关系代词(即介词 +which/whom ): 1. The ship, the Europea ns sailed to the Americ

13、a n continent, was called the Mayflower. 2. The family I stayed in Rome is coming to En gla nd soon. 3. He has writte n a book, the name I have completely forgotte n. 4. It is a family of 8 childre n, allare study ing music. 5. Can you suggest a timeit will be convenient to meet? 6. The tow n,they c

14、ame, was in the n orth of the provi nee. 7. Here are some blouses, nonesuits me. 8. The fur coatthe lady was dressed was very expe nsive. 9. The emperor,the palace was built, was very cruel. 10. Little Peter had a dreamhe was take n to the amuseme nt park. 11. He spe nt a won derful summer,he joined

15、 us in the camp ing trip. 12. The mon ey,he bought the bike, was give n by his gra ndfather. 13. The buses, mostwere already full, left the school one after ano ther. 14. Ann White,we received the in vitati on, lives n ext door to us. 15. The story, the film is based, is a true one. 16. The USA is a

16、 large countrymany differe nt dialects are spoke n. 二、介词填空： 1.The speedwhich you drive your car mustn t too high. 2.ln the park there are many flowers, the colorwhich is bright and nice. 3. The little girl is readi ng a book,which there are many pictures. 4. What were the thingswhich he was not too

17、sure? 5. They held a meeting,which the hospital director made a speech. 6. The book,which he paid 6 Yuan, is worth readi ng. 7.Is this the manwhose house the police found the lost colored TV? 8. The villagers dug along tunnelwhich they could go to the fields without being found by the Japa nese sold

18、iers. 9. Wu Dong,whom I went to the con cert, enjoyed it very much. 10. The stories about Long March,which this is one example, are well written. 三、单选选择： 1. He was educated at a local grammar school,he went on to Cambridge. （05 山东卷） A. from whichB. after thatC. after which D. from this 2.She was edu

19、cated at Beijing University,she went on to have her advaneed study abroad. （ 06 陕西卷） A. after thatB. from thatC. from which D. after which 3. Gun control is a subjectAmericans have argued for a long time. （09 陕西卷） A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which 4. Wind power is an ancient sou

20、rce of energywe may return in the near future.（10 山东卷） A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which 5. The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people ,many ofleft their village homes for a better life in the city.（10 浙卷） A.whomB.whichC.themD.whose 6. The English playmy students acted at th e New

21、 Year s party was a great success. （04 全国 I） A.for whichB. at whichC. i n whichD. on which 7. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine mon ths,the s aili ng time was 226 days. （04广西） A. of which B. duri ng which C. from which D. for which 8. Many people who had see n the film were afrai

22、d to go to the forest whe n they remembered the scenes people were eaten by the tiger. （05 广东卷） A. i n whichB. by whichC. whichD. that 9. She showed the visitors around the museum, the con struct ion had take n more tha n three years. （11江西卷） A.for which B. with whichC. of whichD. to which 10. The p

23、lacethe bridge is supposed to be built should be the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. （05江苏卷） A. which; whereB. at which; whichC. at which; where D. which; in which 11. Eric received trai ning in the computer for one year,he found a job in a big compa ny. A.after that B.after whichC.after it D.a

24、fter this 12. Villagers here depe nd on the fish ing industry,there wont be much work. A.whereB.thatC.by whichD.without which 13. Last week, only two people came to look at the house,wan ted to buy it. A.none of them B.both of themC.none of whomD.n either of whom 14. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5 : 30 pm, many people have gone home. A.whose timeB.thatC.o n whichD.by which time 15. Whenever I met her