2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit1Friendship词汇与短语2

1、2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 1 Friendship词汇与短语1.add up合计【常考用法】add up your score 累加你的分数add up your income 把你的收入加起来add up the money you spend every month把你每月花的钱累加起来【短语链接】add up to 合计为，总计达add up to 120 hours 加起来是120小时add up to 1,000 per month加起来每月1 000美元add to 增加add to our difficulty 增加了我们的困难add.to.把

2、加到上add 3 to 5 3加5add fuel to the fire 往火上加点燃料【十年高考链接】(2006北京高考） There have been several new events to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.A.addB.to addC.addingD.added答案：D 本题考查非谓语动词。句意：有几个新的比赛项目已经被加到2008年北京奥运会中。分析结构可知，several new events与add之间为被动关系，所以要用过去分词短语作定语，故D项正确。2.upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；

3、不适的 vt.（upset,upset)使不安，使心烦;弄翻；打乱【常考用法】feel/be upset 感觉很沮丧be upset with his mother 很生他妈妈的气be upset about the result of the exam 为考试结果而心烦be upset about the accident 为事故而心烦be upset by her visit 被她的来访打乱了upset yourself 使你自己难过upset the cup 打翻了杯子upset ones original plan 打乱了某人原先的计划It upsets sb.that./to do

4、sth.使某人心烦的是/做某事使某人心烦【辨析】upset,nervous与anxious （1）upset指由于某事的发生而心烦意乱。He felt upset at his upsetting cup.看到打翻了的杯子，他很心烦意乱。（2）nervous指在做某事的过程中紧张、害怕的感觉。Dont drive so fastyou are making me nervous!别开得这么快你让我很紧张！（3）anxious指因担心某事的发生而焦虑不安。The little girl became anxious as she searched the crowds for her mothe

5、r.当在人群中找妈妈时，这个小女孩很焦急。3.ignore vt.不理睬；忽视【常考用法】ignore the bell 不顾铃声ignore the traffic rules 不管交通规则ignore me 不理我ignore the doctors advice 不听医生的建议【短语链接】ignorance n.无知be in ignorance of 对不了解，对无知out of ignorance 由于无知ignorant adj.无知的be ignorant of 对不了解，对无知He ignored the doctors advice,so he is in ignorance

6、 of his serious illness now;that is to say,he is ignorant that he is in danger now.他不理睬医生的忠告，所以他现在不知道自己的严重病情，也就是说，他不知道自己处于危险之中。4.calm vt. vi.(使)平静；(使)镇定adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的【常考用法】calm oneself down 使自己镇定下来calm down the football fans 使足球迷们平静下来keep/stay calm in face of danger 面对危险保持冷静answer in a calm voice 用

7、冷静的声音回答【辨析】quiet,calm,silent,still与peaceful这些形容词均含有“平静的，无声无息的”之意。 （1）quiet是普通用词，指没有喧闹、活动或骚乱的寂静状态。 Please keep quiet in the reading room.在阅览室要保持安静。（2）calm是普通用词，既可指天气、海洋等的平静状态，又可指人的镇定沉着、不慌乱、不受外界影响和情绪支配。 Stay calm in face of an emergency.在紧急情况面前要冷静。（3）silent是普通用词，指缄默不语或无声无息。 He kept silent about the ma

8、tter for fear of losing the job.他对此事缄口不言，唯恐失去工作。（4）still指平静而又安定的状态。Keep still while Im taking a photo of you.我给你照相时别动。（5）peaceful是普通用词，指一种不受外物扰乱和刺激的内在宁静或和平状态。He has a peaceful life.他过着平静的生活。【十年高考链接】(2007湖北高考)Emergency line operators must always calm and make sure that they get all the information th

9、ey need to send help.A.growB.appearC.becomeD.stay答案：D 本题考查连系动词的用法。四个选项后都可接形容词作表语，但A、C两项是表示动态变化的动词，不符合句意；appear意为“看上去”，也不符合句意；stay calm保持镇静，stay用作连系动词，意为“保持（某种状态）”。5. concern vt.涉及，关系到，参与；使担心n.U关心，担心，担忧；C有利害关系的事【常考用法】show/express concern about/over/on global warming 对全球变暖很担忧concern herself with/in so

10、cial welfare 她关注社会福利be concerned about her sons safety 担心她儿子的安全be concerned with/in a case 与一起案件有牵连as far as Im concerned 在我看来concerned parents 忧虑的父母们a speech concerning football 有关足球的演讲a major concern 一个主要关注的问题There is growing concern about.人们对日渐忧虑。【十年高考链接】(2011山东高考)Theres a in our office that when

11、 its somebodys birthday,they bring in a cake for us all to share.A.traditionB.balanceC.concernD.relationship答案：A 本题考查名词词义辨析。 句意：在我们办公室有一个传统，那就是在某个人过生日时，那个人就带一个蛋糕到办公室和大家一起分享。 tradition 传统；balance 平衡；concern 关心；relationship关系。根据句意知选A。6.go through经历；经受；检查；浏览；用完，做完【常考用法】go through pain 吃苦 go through dif

12、ficulties 经历困难go through bad luck 不走运 go through the test papers 批阅试卷go through the menu 浏览菜单 go through the newspaper 浏览报纸go through my mail 看我的邮件 go through a lot of money 花了很多钱go through all those envelopes 用完了所有的那些信封【短语链接】go against 违背；与不符；对不利 go without 勉强维持；凑合go in for 爱好；参加；从事 go by 过去；依据；按照；

13、经过go on 继续 go ahead (with) 进行go away 走开；外出度假 go about 着手做；处理；忙于go after 追赶；追求 go for 去请；努力获取go for nothing 白费 go wrong 出毛病；发生故障go off 离去；去世 go out 熄灭；出去；过时go back 回去；回顾；回溯 go down 下落；下降；降低；减弱go over 复习；检查；核对 go up 上升；上涨go with 陪一起去；伴随；与相配go into 到达；进入；从事；参加；调查；研究；弄清楚【十年高考链接】（1）（2011四川高考）To get a bet

14、ter grade,you should the notes again before the test.A.go overB.get overC.turn overD.take over答案：A 考查动词短语的意义辨析。句意：为了取得更好的成绩，考试前你应该再复习一下笔记。go over复习，符合句意。get over恢复,克服；turn over移交给,翻转；take over 接管。（2）（2008全国高考）Could I ask you a rather personal question?Sure, .A.pardon meB.go aheadC.good ideaD.forget

15、it答案：B 考查情景交际。句意：“我能问你一个纯私人问题吗？”“当然，问吧。” go ahead强调鼓励、允许别人去做某事。（3）（2007江苏高考）Do you think that housing price will keep in the years to come?Sorry,I have no idea.A.lifting upB.going upC.bringing upD.growing up答案：B 考查动词词组辨析。lift up举起；go up上升，上涨；bring up抚养，呕吐；grow up成长。此处表示“价格上升”，故选B。（4）(2007重庆高考)Ive st

16、udied growing plants as one of my interests.Could I make some suggestions? .A.You will make it B.Go right aheadC.Dont mention itD.Take it easy答案：B 本题考查情景交际。You will make it.你会成功的。Go right ahead.说吧/用吧/可以/行。Dont mention it.不用谢。Take it easy.别着急，慢慢来。根据语境可知B项正确。（5）(2007浙江高考)Would you please this form for

17、 me to see if Ive filled it in right?A.take offB.look afterC.give upD.go over答案：D 本题考查动词短语的意思辨析。句意：你可以给我检查一下这个表格填得是否正确吗？take off脱下，起飞；look after照顾；give up放弃；go over复习，仔细查看。（6）(2007安徽高考)Didnt you have a good time at the party?Of course I did.As a matter of fact,I had such fun that time seemed to so q

18、uickly.A.go byB.go awayC.go outD.go over答案：A 此处表示“时间过去”，所以用go by。（7）(2007陕西高考)Could I use your computer for a few moments,please? .Im not using it myself.A.Come onB.It dependsC.Go aheadD.Thats great答案：C 本题考查交际用语。由前面的语境“请问我能不能用会儿你的电脑？”以及后面的语境“我自己现在不用”可知应选C项Go ahead.“用吧！去吧！干吧！”。Come on.“快点儿”。It depend

19、s.“看情况而定”。Thats great.“太棒了”。A、B、D三项均不符合题意。7.set down记下；放下；登记；制定【常考用法】set your name down 写下你的名字 set down your telephone number 记下你的电话号码set down a series of facts 记下一些事实 set down the story 把这个故事记下来set down what you heard 把你听到的写下来 set down the standards 制定标准【短语链接】set up 开办；建立 set out 动身；开始set off 动身；出发

20、；使爆炸 set back (把钟等)往回拨；推迟set aside 不顾；存储；留出(时间、金钱等) set apart 使分离；留出set about 开始 be set in 以为背景【十年高考链接】（1）（2013湖北高考）In much of the animal world,night is the time for sleeppure and simple.A.set asideB.set downC.set offD.set up答案： A 这里pure and simple表示“完全，不折不扣”，用来指某事唯一的原因。此处用set aside表示“留出，拨出(时间等)”，表示

21、这段时间就是用来睡觉的。set down写下；set off出发；引起；set up建立。句意：在大多数动物世界里，夜晚就是完全用来睡觉的时间。（2）（2013安徽高考）Traditionally,college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they on their life journey.A.give upB.settle downC.get throughD.set off答案：D give up放弃；settle down定居；（使）安静下来；get through完成；读完；通

22、过；用完；set off出发；（使）开始；引起。句意：依照惯例，为激励自己，大学生在踏上人生旅程之前会举行一场毕业典礼。根据句意应选D项。（3）（2012浙江高考）Armed with the information you have gathered,you can preparing your business plan.A.set outB.set aboutC.set offD.set up答案：B 本题考查动词短语意义辨析。句意：用你所搜集到的信息武装自己，你可以着手准备你的生意计划了。set out开始，后接动词不定式；set about开始，后接动名词；set off 出发，引爆

23、；set up 建立。（4）（2012福建高考）You had better some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.A.set asideB.take upC.put awayD.give out答案：A 本题考查动词短语的用法。句意：你最好每天留出点时间来进行体育锻炼，以便你保持精力充沛。set aside把放置一旁,不理会，取消,驳回，留出；take up拿起，抱起，占去，接受(提议)，继续;put away收起来,放好，储存，关押，打消,放弃,抛弃;give out分发， 散发，公布，

24、宣布，耗尽，用完，停止起作用，停止运行，停止运转。根据句意可知A项正确。 （5）（2012大纲全国高考）We to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.A.set aboutB.set upC.set outD.set down答案：C 本题考查动词短语的辨析。句意：那天我们打算粉刷整栋房子，但是只完成了前面的部分。set out to do sth.计划做某事，符合题意。set about 开始，后接动名词；set up 建立；set down写下，记下。（6）(2008山东高考)Einstein l

25、iked Boses paper so much that he his own work and translated it into German. A.gave offB.turned downC.took overD.set aside答案：D 本题考查动词短语的意义辨析。give off发出（光、热等）；turn down调低，拒绝；take over掌管，负责；set aside把放在一边。句意：爱因斯坦如此喜欢鲍斯的论文，以至于他把自己的工作放在一边，把它翻译成德语。由句意可知D项正确。（7）（2006江西高考）For all these years I have been wo

26、rking for others.Im hoping Ill my own business someday.A.turn upB.fix upC.set upD.make up答案：C 本题考查动词短语意义辨析。句意：这么多年我一直为别人工作。我希望有一天我能建立自己的公司。turn up出现，到来；fix up固定；set up建立，创立；make up组成，构成。由句意可知C项正确。8.series n.连续；系列【常考用法】TV series 电视连续剧 a series of accidents 一连串的交通事故a series of attacks 一系列的攻击 a series

27、of safety problems 一系列的安全问题a series of books 系列丛书 a series of exams 一连串的考试a series of meetings 一系列的会议【提醒】series为单复数同形的名词，类似的还有：people,sheep,deer,means,species等。9. on purpose故意【常考用法】break the glass on purpose 故意打破了玻璃break the law on purpose 故意违法 do sth.on purpose 故意做某事【短语链接】for the purpose of 目的是 by

28、design/intention 故意地by chance/accident 碰巧，偶然【十年高考链接】（1）（2012江西高考）Youd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future .A.purposeB.referenceC.progressD.memory答案：B 本题考查名词词义辨析。 句意：你最好记下那家饭店的电话，以后也许用得着（以后为方便查阅）。for future reference 以便将来查找，为固定搭配。没有for purpose这一搭配;C项progress意为“进步”；D项memor

29、y意为“记忆”，这两项均不符合句意。（2）（2012福建高考）China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals all its citizens.A.in charge ofB.for the purpose ofC.in honor ofD.for the benefit of答案：D 本题考查介词短语意义辨析。 A项为“掌管，负责”；B项为“目的是”；C项为“为了纪念”；D项为“为了的利益”。根据题干句意“为了所有公民的利益，中国一直在推动公立医院的改革”可知D项意思最符合。（3）(2011江苏高考)Wed better discu

30、ss everything before we work out the plan.A.in detailB.in generalC.on purposeD.on time答案：A 本题考查介词短语的辨析。句意：我们在制订计划之前最好详细地讨论一下各方面的事情。in detail详细地；in general通常，大体上，从总体上看；on purpose故意地；on time按时。只有“详细”讨论才能制订计划，故选A项。熟练掌握各介词短语的含义并灵活运用到具体语言环境中是解题关键。（4）(2008浙江高考)Why are you so anxious?It isnt your problem .

31、A.on purposeB.in allC.on timeD.after all答案：D 本题考查介词短语的用法。on purpose为“故意地”； in all为“总共”； on time为“按时”； after all为“毕竟”。句意：你为什么如此焦急？毕竟不是你的问题。10. in order to为了【常考用法】in order to get a good seat 为了找个好位置in order to make a living 为了谋生in order to succeed 为了成功in order to help his mother 为了帮助他妈妈in order to car

32、ry out the plan 为了实施计划in order to do it well 为了做好这件事in order not to miss the early bus 为了能赶上早班公共汽车【提醒】（1）in order to do=to do=so as to do,但是so as to do不能放于句首。（2）in order to do的否定形式为in order not to do。（3）in order to do与so as to do可以与in order that或者so that引导的目的状语从句进行转换。【十年高考链接】（1）(2011上海高考）The police

33、officers in our city work hard the rest of us can live a safe life.A.in caseB.as ifC.in order thatD.only if答案：C 句意：我们城市的警察努力工作，为了我们能过安全的生活。in case以防，万一；as if好像，仿佛；in order that为了；only if只要。由句意可知C项正确。（2）（2005辽宁高考）All these gifts must be mailed immediately in time for Christmas.A.in order to have rece

34、ivedB.in order to receiveC.so as to be receivedD.so as to be receiving答案：C 句意：为了圣诞节能及时收到，所有的这些礼物必须马上邮寄。in order to do=so as to do为了；其中主语gifts与receive之间为被动关系，故要用C项。11. power n.能力；力量；权力【常考用法】do the best of ones power 尽某人的最大力量do all in ones power 尽力而为the power of nature 自然力the party in power 执政党come to

35、/into power 掌权rise to/fall from power 取得/失去权力be in ones power 在某人的掌握中/控制下 with power off 由于停电了power failure 停电the power of speech 说话的能力have the power to foretell the future 有预测未来的能力the power of belief 信念的力量beyond ones power to do sth.做某事某人力所不能及【辨析】power,energy,strength与force（1）power 为“力,力量”。 它是力的总称,

36、指各种力,如电力、动力或某事物的能力。它也可指人所具有的力量、能力、权力及势力等。当指人所具有的力气时,它与 strength 同义。A football player needs power/strength to run with the ball.（power指体力）Ill do everything in my power to help that old lady.（power指能力）Electricity gives us power and makes machines work.（power指电力）（2）energy 为“精力,活力,能量”，指人或动物所积蓄的内在或释放的活力,也指物理学上的能量。He has so much energy that he can work as hard as three men.（energy指精力）The successful carrying out of the work is due to his youth and energy.（energy指活力）The energy of the sun has been widely used now.（energy指能量）（3）strength 为“力