高中英语Unit11TheMediaPeriodSix课堂讲义北师大版必修4_第1页
高中英语Unit11TheMediaPeriodSix课堂讲义北师大版必修4_第2页
高中英语Unit11TheMediaPeriodSix课堂讲义北师大版必修4_第3页
高中英语Unit11TheMediaPeriodSix课堂讲义北师大版必修4_第4页
高中英语Unit11TheMediaPeriodSix课堂讲义北师大版必修4_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩8页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

1、Period SixGrammar & Writing.被动语态一、被动语态概述语态是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,一般说来,只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用“被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意义。二、被动语态各时态的构成被动语态由“be及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化体现的。几种常用时态的被动语态构成如下:一般现在时:am/is/are过去分词一般过去时:was/were过去分词一般将来时:

2、will/shall be过去分词过去将来时:would be过去分词现在进行时:am/is/are being过去分词过去进行时:was/were being过去分词现在完成时:have/has been过去分词过去完成时:had been过去分词English is taught in most schools.大多数学校都开英语课。Their wedding was held in a church.他们的婚礼在教堂举行。Do you think the book will be reprinted?你觉得这本书会重印吗?He knew he would be punished for

3、it.他知道自己会为此受到惩罚。注意:含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词be过去分词。Such work can be done in an hour or so.这样的工作可以在一个小时左右做完。三、主动语态变为被动语态的方法1把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。2把谓语变成被动结构,时态不变。3有时把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,原作主语的人称代词要用宾格。All the people laughed at him.He was laughed at (by all the people)They were building the new bridge.The new bridg

4、e was being built (by them)We havent told her about it yet.She hasnt been told about it yet.四、使用被动语态的场合1不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。The bridge was built last year.这座桥是去年建造的。He was elected chairman.他被选为主席。2当更加强调动作的承受者时,动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后,不需要时可以省略。The room hasnt been cleaned yet.房间还没有被打扫。The tiger was killed

5、 by him.老虎被他杀死了。3当动作的执行者不是人时,多用被动语态。The whole village has been washed away by the flood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。4表示客观的说明,常用“It is过去分词that.”句型。It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.据说露茜已经出国了。It is believed that he is a spy.(He is believed to be a spy.)据信他是个间谍。其他常见的“It is过去分词that.”句型还有:It is reported that.据报道It is

6、 suggested that.有人建议It is thought that.大家认为高考链接1.用所给动词的正确形式填空1More efforts,as reported,will be made(make) in the years ahead to accelerate the supplyside structural reform.(2016江苏)2The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded(reward) with success in the end

7、.(2016北京)3I was allowed(allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600acre centre.(2016全国)4Truly elegant chopsticks might be made(make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.(2016全国)5The giant panda is loved(love) by people throughout the world.(2016四川)6It is reported that a space stat

8、ion will be built(build) on the moon in years to come.(2015安徽)7Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreement has been reached(reach) so far by the two sides.(2015天津)8To my delight,I was chosen(choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.(2015福建)9Unless some extra money is

9、found(find),the theatre will close.(2014,大纲全国).单句改错(仅有1处错误)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.(2016全国)usingused.动名词一、动名词的基本形式1动名词的一般式:动名词的一般式可以表示没有明确发生时间的动作,也可以表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。形式为:主动doing;被动being doneLearning a foreign language is very useful t

10、o me.学一门外语对我来说很有用。2动名词的完成式:表示动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。形式为:主动having done;被动having been doneThe Department of Education gave him a medal for having completed sixty years of teaching.教育部因他任教60年而给他颁发了一枚奖章。3动名词的否定式由“not动名词”构成。The child made his mother angry by not taking his medicine.这个孩子因不吃药使他妈妈很生气。二、动名词的基本用法动名

11、词在句中起名词的作用,可以单独或以其短语的形式作主语、表语、宾语、定语。Checking information is very important.(作主语)核实信息是很重要的。His hobby is fishing.(作表语)他的爱好是钓鱼。Im sorry I missed seeing you while I was in Beijing.(作宾语)很遗憾我在北京时没有见到你。There is a large reading room(a room for reading) in our school.(作定语)我们学校有一个大阅览室。注意1.动名词的复合结构动名词的复合结构有四种形

12、式:(1)形容词性物主代词动名词;(2)名词s动名词;(3)代词宾格动名词;(4)名词动名词。当动名词用作主语时,其逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词和名词所有格构成,用(1)(2)两种形式。当动名词用作宾语时,可以用以上四种形式。如:His/Jacks not getting to the station on time made all of us worried.他/杰克没有准时到车站让我们很担心。Do you mind my/me/Jacks/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克现在离开吗?2在It is no use/no good/useless/a waste of time

13、中,常接v.ing的形式,即动名词作主语,it是形式主语。It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。高考链接2.用所给动词的正确形式填空1My ambassadorial duties will include introducing(introduce) British visitors to the 120plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.(2016全国)2Ignoring(ignore) the dif

14、ference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.(2015安徽)3Understanding(understand) your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.(2014湖南)4The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore,he can go shopping wi

15、thout being recognized(recognize)(2014北京)5When it comes to speaking(speak) in public,no one can match him.(2014江西).单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1We can choose between staying at home and take a trip.(2016全国)taketaking2I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.(2016全国)wearwearing3I enjoyed sit close

16、to the windows and looking at the view.(2015浙江)sitsitting4Weve been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars.(2015四川)singsinging5My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter!(2015陕西)enjoyenjoying.写出下列句子中动名词的用法1Shall we have a rest or get down to do

17、ing our work?(介词宾语)2Seeing is believing.(主语和表语)3There is no telling what will happen.(表语)4I was met by a welcoming party at the airport.(定语)5Im looking forward to seeing him again.(介词宾语)6Swimming after work is very relaxing.(主语和表语)7I cant imagine ever leaving this company.(宾语)8It is no use arguing w

18、ith him about such a matter.(主语).把下列句子变为被动语态1People use a great deal of water in this city.A great deal of water is used in this city.2Can I answer this question in simple English?Can this question be answered in simple English?3You should pay more attention to your table manners.Your table manners

19、should be paid more attention to.More attention should be paid to your table manners.4He gave her some money.She was given some money by him.Some money was given to her by him.5I saw him come this morning.He was seen to come this morning.6The manager has not signed the papers.The papers have not bee

20、n signed by the manager.7Do many people speak Chinese outside China?Is Chinese spoken by many people outside China?8The police are looking into the matter.The matter is being looked into by the police.文体指导本单元的写作要求是就某一社会问题写信给媒体陈述自己的观点,它应符合一般书信的格式。英文书信的构成可分为6个部分:1信头(Heading)包括写信人的地址和日期,通常放在信笺的右上角,顺序是先

21、写地址,后写日期,地址和日期的写法都要符合英语的习惯。写地址应由小到大:门牌号码、街名、城(县)名、省名、国名,这同汉语的习惯完全相反。2收信人姓名及地址(Inside Name and Address)写信人的地址和日期写好以后,接着就要写收信人的姓名和地址。它位于信笺的左上角,从左边略低于写信日期一、二行处顶格写起。先写姓名、头衔,后写地址。格式与写信人地址的写法一致。3称呼(Salutation)称呼指的是信文开头的那种称呼,如Dear,Mr.Uncle,各种称呼因人而异。在称呼后面一般用逗号,但也可用冒号。称呼一般以Dear.或My dear.开头。给亲属写信时在Dear或My Dea

22、r后面加上亲属关系的词即可,如Dear Dad,Dear Uncle,My Dear Grandma等;写给小辈或平辈可直呼其名,如Dear Xiao Jun,Dear Charlie,My Dear Mary等;写给不太熟悉的人常在Dear或My Dear后加上“某先生”或“某太太”等,如Dear Mr.(姓)/Dear Mrs.(丈夫的姓)。4正文(Body of the Letter)正文是信件的主体部分,是写信人给收信人要谈论或陈述的内容。正文要求文字简明达意,层次分明,字迹清晰。正文应在称呼下两行开始,信的开头第一个字母通常和称呼开头第一个词平齐,也可后退四个字母。5结束语(Comp

23、limentary Close)结束语的一般写法有:Yours faithfully,Faithfully yours,Yours truly,Truly yours,Sincerely yours等。在谦称语之后,必须加上逗号。结束语通常写在正文最后一行的下边,常用的结束语有:Wish you good luck!Wish you success!Give my love/regards to.等。6署名(Signature)最好是用墨水钢笔亲笔签名,即使是用打字机打出的信件,最后仍需亲笔签名。签名的位置是在谦称语下面一至二行。除了对熟悉或亲密的人以外,签名必须写全姓名。常用句式1Im wr

24、iting to tell you the discussion weve had about.2Im very glad to write to you about.3There have been different opinions.4Opinions are divided on the question.5It is certain that we do have different opinions on this matter.6.students think/hold (the belief) that/have argued that/are against the idea

25、/dont accept the idea/feel strongly against the idea.7Some people are in favour of/support/are for the idea of doing.8As far as Im concerned,./In my opinion,.写作任务近几年,考生该不该复读这一话题一直为社会所关注。假如你是李华,下面是你班同学就此问题的讨论结果,请你给某英文报社写一封信,介绍一下讨论的情况,并谈谈你的看法。多数学生认为可以复读:1对于高考失利的同学又多了一次机会;2多复习一年更有把握考上理想的大学,有利于将来的就业。少数学

26、生认为不该复读:1对应届生不公平;2增加家庭经济负担;3考大学不是唯一的出路。注意:1.词数100左右;2信的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。参考词汇:复读retake classesDear Editor,Im writing to tell you about the discussion weve had about whether students should retake classes. Yours faithfully,Li Hua审题谋篇第一步明确要求该写作属于书信类写作,主题是对复读的看法,属于社会现象写作,故应以第三人称为主;在表达自己观点时应该符合事实,避免和上面观点重

27、复。第二步确定段落本篇作文可以从以下几个方面入手:Para.1已经给出,提出写信的目的;Para.2分别针对两种观点进行写作,分析具体原因;Para.3提出自己的看法。第三步词汇热身本文可能会运用以下词汇和短语:1支持,赞同in favour of2为作准备make preparations for/prepare for3另一方面on the other hand4增加add to5只要so long as第四步扩点成句1他们认为复读对那些高考失利的人来说意味着多一次机会。(一般表达)They believe it is another chance to the students who

28、have failed once.(高级表达)They believe retaking classes means another chance to those who have failed once.2通过一年的努力学习,他们能够为进入一所满意的大学做好准备,以便将来能够获得一份好的工作。(一般表达)By one years hard work,they can prepare for a satisfactory university and they can get a better job in the future.(高级表达)Through one years hard wo

29、rk,they can make better preparations for entering a satisfactory university so as to get a better job in the future.3我们可以得出结论大部分高三学生睡眠不足。(一般表达)We can conclude that most of Senior 3 students dont have enough sleep.(高级表达)We can draw a conclusion that most of Senior 3 students dont have enough sleep.连句

30、成篇Dear Editor,Im writing to tell you about the discussion weve had about whether students should retake classes.Most of the students are in favour of retaking classes.They believe retaking classes means another chance to those who have failed once.Through one years hard work,they can make better pre

31、parations for entering a satisfactory university so as to get a better job in the future.On the other hand,some do not like the idea of retaking classes.They think it unfair to students who take the exam for the first time.Besides,it also adds to the burdens of the family.Whats more,going to college

32、 is not the only choice for some students beyond their abilities.In my opinion,everyone can be successful in life so long as he tries his best,whether or not he could go to college.Yours faithfully,LiHua.单元语法用所给动词的正确形式填空1Your clothes are dirty.They should be washed(wash) at once.2A lot of water is w

33、asted(waste) every year.Its a serious problem.3The money should be used(use) to help poor children soon.4In the past few years many buildings have been built(build) in our hometown.5By the end of last month,half of the project had been finished(finish)6He couldnt stand being made(make) fun of when h

34、is wife was present.7This novel is not worthy of being made(make) into a film.8The patient insisted on being operated(operate) on even if there was little hope of success.9He regretted having made(make) the decision too hastily.10Her smoking(smoke) made her mother quite worried.阅读理解Welcome to your f

35、uture life!You get up in the morning and look into the mirror.Your face is firm and younglooking.In 2035,medical technology is better than ever.Many people your age could live to be 150,so at 40,youre not old at all.And your parents just had an antiaging(抗衰老的) treatment.Now,all three of you look the

36、 same age!You say to your shirt,“Turn red.” It changes from blue to red.In 2035,“smart clothes” contain particles(粒子) much smaller than the cells in your body.The particles can be programmed to change clothes color or pattern.You walk into the kitchen.You pick up the milk,but a voice says,“You shoul

37、dnt drink that!” Your fridge has read the chip(芯片) that contains information about the milk,and it knows the milk is old.In 2035,every article of food in the grocery store has such a chip.Its time to go to work.In 2035,cars drive themselves.Just tell your “smart car” where to go.On the way,you can c

38、all a friend using your jacket sleeve.Such “smart technology” is all around you.So will all these things come true? “For new technology to succeed,” says scientist Andrew Zolli,“it has to be so much better that it replaces what we have already.” The Internet is one examplewhat will be the next?11We

39、can learn from the text that in the future .Apeople will never get oldBclothes will be able to change their patternCred will be the most popular colorDeveryone will look the same答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The particles can be programmed to change clothes color or pattern.”可知,未来的衣服能自动改变颜色或样式,故选B。12What can

40、 be inferred from Paragraph 3?AMilk will be harmful to health.BMore drinks will be available for sale.CMilk in the grocery store will stay fresh much longer.DFood in the grocery store will carry electronic information.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第四段的“Your fridge has read the chip(芯片) that contains information abou

41、t the milk,and it knows the milk is old.In 2035,every article of food in the grocery store has such a chip.”可知,将来的食物都会包含电子信息,故选D。13What is the text mainly about?AFuture technology in everyday life.BFood and clothing in 2035.CMedical treatments of the future.DThe reason for the success of new technol

42、ogy.答案A解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了未来生活中的科技,故选A。.七选五Cell Phones:Hang Up or Keep Talking?Millions of people are using cell phones today.In many places,it is actually considered unusual not to use one. 14 They find that the phones are more than a means of communicationhaving a mobile phone shows that they a

43、re cool and connected.The explosions around the world in mobile phone use make some health professionals worried.Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones.Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity(负面报道) of

44、 such ideas. 15 On the other hand,signs of change in the issues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning equipment.In one case,a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss. 16 This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day,ev

45、ery day of his working week,for a couple of years. 17 The answer is radiation.Hightech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones.Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation,but they say the amount is too small to worry about.As the discussion about the safe

46、ty continues,it appears that its best to use mobile phones less often. 18 Use your mobile phone only when you really need it.In the future,mobile phones may have a warning label (标签) that says they are bad for your health.So for now,its wise not to use your mobile phone too often.AThey will possibly

47、 affect their benefits.BIn many countries,cell phones are very popular with young people.CWhat do the doctors worry about?DWhat is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful?EThey say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health.FHe couldnt remember even simple tasks.GUse y

48、our regular phone if you want to talk for a long time.答案14.B15.E16.F17.D18.G.语法填空On my first day of Kindergarten,I was both excited and a little 19.scared(scare)The large classroom was full of books and toys,two things 20.that/which I loved.But it was also full of 21.kids(kid) all larger than me.Bec

49、ause my birthday was in late September,I was allowed in at only 4 years old,and this meant that I was bound to be the 22.smallest(small) kid in my class.I think that my mom sensed I was a little afraid.That was 23.why she was always there to pick me up right after school when I could have 24.easily(easy) rode the bus.I would jump in the front seat

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论