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1、(英语)中考英语定语从句专项练习及解析一、定语从句1 I still remember the college and the teachers _ I visited in London years ago.A whatB whoC thatD which【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:我仍旧记得几年前去伦敦访问的大学和老师们。what一般不用于定语从句; who中先行词在定语从句中指人;that 既可指人,也可指物;which 指物。结合语境可知本句the college and the teachers 中既有人,又有物,故只能用关系代词that ,所以选C。考点:考查关系代词。2Th

2、e last place _ we visited was Chaoshan Custom Museum.A whereB thatC when【答案】 BD why【解析】句意:我们参观的最后一个地方是潮汕风俗博物馆。根据句子结构可知,这里考查的是定语从句, where 关系副词,指地点;that 关系代词,先行词为物;when 关系副词,指时间; why 关系副词,指原因。定语从句中visited 后缺少宾语,故应填关系代词,选B。3-How do you like the Sun Island ?Is it worth visiting?-Sure. It s one of the be

3、st places I have ever been to.A whichB that【答案】 BC who【解析】【详解】句意:-你觉得太阳岛怎么样?值得一游吗?-当然。这是我去过的最好的地方之一。考查定语从句引导词。本句先行词places 是物,引导词在定语从句中作宾语,可知用that或which引导此定语从句,但先行词有最高级修饰时,只能用that引导此定语从句。故选B。【点睛】定语从句是用作定语的从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。引导定语从句的词叫引导词,引导词分为关系代词( that/who/whom/which/whose )和关系副

4、词( when/where/why )。引导词连接先行词和定语从句,在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语,关系副词充当状语)。先行词是物时,用that或which引导定语从句;当先行词是人时,用who或that引导定语从句。(一)、当先行词是物时,只用that的情况:1.当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。2.当先行词为两个或两个以上分别指人和物的名词时。3.当先行词本身是 all 的,用that. (all that=what) .( that在定语从句中充当宾语可以省略)4.先行词为something , anything , nothing , everything ,

5、 thing 等不定代词时,用that 。 5.当先行词前有 all, much, little , many, ( a) few, every, some, any, no, only , the very ,one of , the only , the last, the next 等修饰语时。(二)、先行词既有人又有物时,或当先行词在以who 或 which 开头的特殊疑问句中时,用that 引导以避免混淆。7.当先行词是在定语从句中作表语时,用that 。4When we speak of culture, we mean a way of life_ a group of peop

6、le have incommon.A whatB whoC whereD that【答案】 D【解析】【详解】句意:当我们说起文化的时候,我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。考查定语从句的引导词。根据句意:当我们说起文化的时候,我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。逗号后面的句中是含有定语从句的复合句,先行词是life“ ”that,在从句,表示 物 ,用引导词中做宾语。 what 不能引导定语从句。先行词是“人”,引导词常用 who 。 where 在定语从句中做地点状语。故选 D。【点睛】引导定语从句的关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, whose, who,w

7、hom, as ;关系副词有 when, where, why 。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都充当一定的句法成份。关系代词在从句中充当动词的宾语时一般可以省略。5Do you have books about famous scientists _ are suitable for children to read?A whatB whichC whoD whom【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意 “你有关于科学家方面的适合小孩子读的书吗?”。本题考查定语从句。A.定语从句中没有what ; B.which指物,在从句中作主语和宾语;C.who指人,在从句中作主语和宾语;D.whom指人,在从

8、句中作宾语。根据句意可知,先行词为books指物,在从句中作主语,故选B。6I will never forget the people and the things_ I saw on the Great Wall.A whoB whichC whomD that【答案】 D【解析】句意:我永远不会忘记我在长城看到的人和事。本句考察定语从句的关系词。A. who关系词,先行词为人;B. which关系词,先行词为物;C. whom关系词,先行词为人,在句中作宾语; D. that 关系词,先行词为人或物。在定语从句中,当先行词既指人也指物时,如:the people and the thin

9、gs ,关系词采用that 。故选 D。7Have you seen my watch anywhere, Lucy?Is it the oneyour uncle bought for you in Hong Kong?A whoB whatC thatD when【答案】 C【解析】试题分析:句意:露西,你在哪儿看到我的表了吗?是你叔叔在香港给你买的那一块吗?后句是一个带有定语从句的复合句,先行词the one 指事物 “表 ”,关系词用that 。故选C。考点:考查连词辨析。8This is the most beautiful picture _ I have ever seen.A

10、thatB whichC whatD who【答案】 A【解析】句意:这是我见过的最漂亮的画。考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰时,引导词应用that 。结合句意和语境可知选A。点睛:限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的几种情况:当先行词是 everything, anything, nothing ( something 除外) , all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时,或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much 等词修饰时。如:Have you set down everything that

11、 Mr Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible tohim in the world. 注意: 当先行词指人时,偶尔也可用关系代词who 。如: Any man that /who has a sense of duty won t do such任a何thing有责.任感的人都不会做这样的事。All theguests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people.所有被邀请参加婚礼的客人都是重要人物。 2.当先行词被序数词修饰时。如:The fir

12、st American movie that Iwatched was the Titanic. 3.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如:This is the best museumthat I have visited all my life. 4.当先行词被 the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。如:She is the only person that understands me. 注意: 当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用关系代词who。如:Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will at

13、tend the meeting. 5.当先行词前面有 who,which 等疑问代词时。如:Who is the man that is standing in front of the crowd? 站在人群前面的那个人是谁? Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in? 哪一间是王先生住的房间?当先行词人与物时。如: Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.当先行词是 reason, way(方法)等词时,关系代词常用that 代替 in which, for whic

14、h, why,也常可省略。如:She admired the way ( that ) they solved the questions.9Kids, I hope you ll remember the good old days_we spent together in junior high thoughit s time to say goodbye.A whoB whatC which【答案】 C【解析】【详解】句意:孩子们,虽然到了说再见的时候了,我希望你们将记住那些我们一起在初中度过的美好的旧时光。who 关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;what什么,

15、不能引导定语从句;which关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。根据句子结构可知,这里考查定语从句,先行词是the good old days ,从句中spent后缺少宾语,应用关系代词which引导,故应选C。10 All the classmates enjoyed the cake _I made at the party. It was really delicious.A thatB whoC what【答案】 A【解析】【详解】句意:所有的同学都喜欢我在聚会上做的蛋糕。真的很好吃。A. that关系代词;先行词是人或物; B. who 关系代词,先行词是人;C

16、. what 什么,通常不能引导定语从句。I madeat the party. 是定语从句修饰先行词the cake,在这里是物,用关系词that 。根据题意,故选A。11 The book _was written by him is very interesting.A whoB whomC whichD /【答案】 C【解析】【详解】句意:他写的那本书很有趣。考查关系代词。 A. who 代指人,在定语从句中做主语或宾语;B. whom 代指人,在定语从句中做宾语; C. which 指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语;D. /为不填。首先分析句子结构,可知本句为定语从句,先行词the b

17、ook 为物,而且从句中缺主语,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用which ;故答案选C。12 Wang Yangming is a great educationalistdeveloped most of his thoughts in Xiuwen.A whichB whatC who【答案】 C【解析】【详解】句意:王阳明是教育界的一位伟大的教育家,他的大部分思想都是在修文中发展起来的。A. which 关系词,引导定语从句,先行词是物;B. what 不能引导定语从句;C. who 关系词,引导定语从句,先行词是人,根据educationalis 指人,所以用who ,故选 C。13 D

18、on t throw away pens and erasers _ you havenA whereB whichC who t used up.D what【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:不要扔掉你还没用完的钢笔和橡皮。考查定语从句引导词。what不引导定语从句,可排除D。where表示地点;which表示事物;who表示人。本句先行词pens and erasers(钢笔和橡皮)是物,需用which引导;根据句意结构和语境,可知选B。14 I think the film Amazing China is _film _IA the most exciting;whichBmore ex

19、citing;whichC more exciting;thatD the most exciting;that【答案】 D ve ever seen.【解析】【详解】句意 “我认为厉害了我的国是我看过的最令人振奋的电影”。根据I ve ever seen可知,第一空处用最高级,排除B 和C;第二空处考查定语从句,先行词为film ,且先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,用that ,故选 D。【点睛】在定语从句中先行词that 和 which 都指物,只用that 不用 which 的情况:先行词为all, much, something, everything, nothing, little,

20、none, the one时。先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。当先行词被the only, the very, the just修饰时。先行词中即有人又有物时。15 Lily doesn t know _ she and her friends can do to help the little boy _parents have left their hometown for making money.A that; whoseB how; whoC what; who【答案】 DD what; whose【解析】that引导宾语从句一般不充当句子成分,只起连接作用;how引导宾语从句,一般做方

21、式状语; what 引导宾语从句,做从句的逻辑主语或者宾语。句意:莉莉不知道她和她的朋友们能做什么来帮助这个小男孩,他的父母离开家乡去挣钱了。结合语境可知前文是宾语从句, what ,什么,充当宾语从句谓语动词do的逻辑宾语。下文为定语从句,the little宾语boy 和 parents考点:英语从句是逻辑上的所有关系,故引导词用whose,选D。16 We all enjoy reading the story _ has a happy ending.A whoB whomC thatD what【答案】 C【解析】【详解】句意:我们都喜欢读有一个幸福结局的故事。这里是定语从句,先行词

22、是the story ,是物,关系词用that和which,先行词是人用who来引导。先行词是人,关系词whom在句中作宾语。根据题意,故选C。【点睛】当关系代词指人时,关系代词既可用who,也可以用that. 但在以下情况用who.1.当先行词是persons,people,those 时 .例如:Those who are for my plan ,please put up your hands. 同意我的计划的人请举手.Persons who are quarrelsome are despised. 好争者被轻视 .2.当先行词是he,one,all,any,they 等时 ,例如:

23、He who has not reached the Great Wall isnt a true man. 不到长城非好汉.All who had seen this film were moved. 看过这部电影的人都受感动.3.在非限定性定语从句中用who. 例如:I want him,who knows some English and French. 我要他 ,他懂得些英语和法语.I will pardon you,who are honest. 我愿意宽恕你,你是诚实的 .4.在强调句型中多用who,在口语中who 可以省略 .例如:I think it is you who sh

24、ould come here tomorrow.It is he who can do this work. 只有他能够干此工作在以下情况多用that. 例如:我认为你明天应该来这儿.5.当关系代词在从句中作表语时用that. 例如:She is not the woman that she used to be. 她已经不是过去的她了.China is not the country that it used to be.中国已经不是过去的中国了.17 .-1 11 never forget the school _I used to study .-So will IA whichB wh

25、atC where【答案】 C【解析】试题分析:句意:-我永远都不会忘记我曾经学习的那所学校。我也不会。先行词school在定语从句中作地点状语,可以用关系副词where代替。所以选C。考点:考查定语从句。18The English-Chinese dictionarymy father bought for me many years ago is still of greathelp.AwhoseBthatCwhoDwhen【答案】 B【解析】试题分析:句意:多年前我爸爸为我买的英汉词典仍然有很大的帮助。先行词在定语从句中作宾语,可以用关系代词that 代替,所以选B。考点:考查关系代词。

26、dictionary19 The light in her room is still on. Do you know _? Maybe at midnight again. A if she is busy studying B what s she doingC why does she stay up so lateD when she will stop working【答案】 D【解析】试题分析:句意:她房间里的灯还亮着。你知道她什么时候停止工作吗?可能又要到午夜。 A. if she is busy studying.她是否在忙着学习;B. what s she doing她在做什

27、么。宾语从句用陈述句语序,错;C. why does she stay up so late 她为什么熬夜那么晚。宾语从句用陈述句语序,错;D. when she will stop working她什么时候停止工作。答语:Maybe atmidnight again. 可能又要到午夜。指的是时间,用when提问。故选D。考点:考查宾语从句。20 When Robinson got to the island , the first thing _he did was to look for somefood A whoB whichC thatD What【答案】 C【解析】试题分析:句意:

28、当鲁滨逊?克鲁索到达岛上时,他做的第一件事就是寻找题考查定语从句。先行词指物且被序数词first 修饰, 故只能选用关系词确。考点:考查定语从句。一些食物。本that 。因此 C 项正21 Liu Yang is the first Chinese woman astronaut_ has ever traveled in space.A whomBwhichC whoD whose【答案】 C【解析】试题分析:句意:刘洋是中国第一个曾经在太空旅行过的女宇航员。定语从句用来充当句中定语的结构,被修饰的名词叫先行词,此句的先行词为astronaut 。连接主从句的是关系词。一般的who 用于指代

29、人的先行词,which 用来指代物的先行词,that 既可指认又可指物。 whom 在定语从句中作宾语;故选 C。考点:考查定语从句的连接词。whose在定语从句中作定语。此处连接词who做主语,22 Recently the second season of“ A bite of(China舌尖上的中”国think Chinese are those _ can cook the most delicious food.A what B who C whose D WhichII)has become a hit. I【答案】 B【解析】试题分析:句意:我认为最近舌尖上的中国 II 出最美味

30、的食物的人们。这里是定语从句,先行词是已经变的很成功,我认为中国人是那些能做those ,指人的时候,关系词用who 。结合语境,故选B。考点:考查定语从句的关系词。23 Carla can t stand the boy _ often plays jokes on her in front of the whole class.A whichB whoC whatD whom【答案】B【解析】句意: Carla 无法忍受那个经常在全班面前取笑她的那个男孩。which 引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语或宾语;who 引导定语从句修饰人,作主语或宾语;what 引导名词性从句,作主语或宾语;wh

31、om 引导定语从句,修饰人,作宾语。此处先行词boy 表示人,在定语从句中作主语,故用who 引导定语从句。故选B。24 Tommy couldnt stop thinking about the boy _ made him a fool in front of the wholeclass.A whomB whichC who【答案】C【解析】句意: Tommy 不禁想起了那个使他在全班面前出丑的那个男孩。此处的定语从句,修饰先行词 the boy ,关系代词在定语从句中作主语,故用who ,故选 C。25 Fewer and fewer people spend time reading

32、. There were only 49% of adults in the US_ visited a public library last year.A whoB whereC whenD which【答案】 A【解析】句意:越来越少的人花时间读书。去年在美国只有49%的成年人参观一个公共图书馆。修饰名词 adults ,作定语从句的主语,故用关系代词who,故选 A。26 The TV show Running Man is popular recently. Yes. It is the only program _ I watched this month.A whoB whenC whereD that【答案】D【解析】句意: 电视节目奔跑吧,兄弟最近非常受欢迎。是的。它是这个月我唯一看过的节目。修饰先行词program 的定语从句中动词watched 缺少主语,故用代词that ,故选 D。27 The ci

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