黑龙江省2021学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）

1、 重点中学 试卷 可修改 欢迎下载黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学2021学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）第一节：单项选择（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）1.Hes quite reliable. You can depend on _you out.A. that he will helpB. it that helpsC. he helpingD. him to help【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他很可靠。你可以指望他帮你摆脱困境。短语depend on sb to do sth“指望某人做某事”，故选D。2.High interest rates _ peo

2、ple from borrowing money.A. discourageB. defeatC. disturbD. depress【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：高利率使人们不愿借钱。A. discourage阻止；使气馁；B. defeat打败；挫败；C. disturb打扰；妨碍；D. depress压抑；使沮丧。短语discourage sb from doing sth“阻止某人做某事”，故选A。3. Who_ for the pollution of our earth?A. should blameB. is to blameC. is blameD. is

3、to be blame【答案】B【解析】试题分析：blame用作及物动词时,通常用于下面三个句型:（1）. blame sb. for sth. /doing sth. 为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事。如:Many children are afraid of being blamed for making mistakes in speaking English. 许多孩子害怕讲英语时犯错误而受责备。（2）. blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人。如:The police blamed the traffic accident on Jacks careless drivi

4、ng. 警察把那起交通事故归咎于杰克的粗心驾驶。（3）. be to blame (for)应(为)承担责任;该(为)受责备。注意此处不能用被动语态。如:The children were not to blame for the accident. 那次事故怪不着孩子们。He is more to blame than you. 是他更应受责备,而不是你。Who is to blame for starting the fire? 这场火灾该由谁负责?I am in no way to blame. 决不该责备我。故选B。考点：考查固定短语的用法。点评：本题难度适中。对于be to blam

5、e的用法考生要牢记，同时分清blame的另外的两种用法，需放在一定的语境里去理解。即学即练：Judging from the evidence on spot, the truck driver_for the accident. A. is to blame; B. is blamed; C. blames; D. will be blamed解析：A 句意：从现场的证据来看，卡车司机是这次交通事故的责任人。4.His success doesnt _ his cleverness and working hard _ his progress.A. result in; leads toB

6、. result from; lies inC. lead to; lies inD. lie in; leads to【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：他的成功不在于他的聪明，努力工作导致他的进步。A. result in结果是; leads to导致；B. result from起因于; lies in在于；C. lead to导致; lies in在于；D. lie in在于; leads to导致。根据句意可知选D。5.I have absolutely no _ the students who get caught cheating in exams even thou

7、gh they were seriously punished.A. impact onB. sympathy forC. concern aboutD. complaint about【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：我绝对不同情那些考试作弊被抓的学生，即使他们受到了严厉的惩罚。A. impact on影响；B. sympathy for同情；C. concern about担心；关心；D. complaint about投诉；对抱怨。根据句意可知选B。6.That evening he _what he had thought about the research.A. set

8、 about ; letting downB. set about; to take hold ofC. set out ; making outD. set out; to set down【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，他开始把他对这项研究的想法写下来。固定短语set about doing sth=set out to do sth着手做某事。A. let down使失望；放下；B. take hold of抓住；握住；C. make out理解；辨认；D. set down写下。根据句意故选D。7.To _ the world for help, the s

9、tars launched a campaign to help the refugees.A. end upB. appeal toC. leave behindD. cater for【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了呼吁全世界的帮助，明星们发起了一场帮助难民的运动。A. end up结束；B. appeal to呼吁；C. leave behind留下；遗留；D. cater for迎合。根据下文help the refugees以及句意故选B。8.The streets were full of people on May Day _ the rainy weath

10、er.A. in case ofB. as a consequence ofC. on behalf ofD. in spite of【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：尽管下着雨，五一节那天街上还是挤满了人。A. in case of万一；假设；B. as a consequence of因此；C. on behalf of代表；为了；D. in spite of尽管。根据句意故选D。9.I found it difficult to _ getting up so early before, but I did finally managed.A. be tired ofB.

11、 be convinced ofC. be accustomed toD. be obsessed with【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我发现以前很难习惯这么早起床，但我终于做到了。A. be tired of厌烦；B. be convinced of确信；认识到；C. be accustomed to习惯于；适应于；D. be obsessed with痴迷于；沉迷于。根据句意故选C。10.The boy was put into prison for being _ of stealing a lot of knives.A. blamedB. accusedC. c

12、hargedD. suspect【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个男孩因被指控偷了很多刀而被关进监狱。A. blamed责备；B. accused控告；C. charged充电；填充；D. suspect怀疑。短语be accused of“被指控”，故选B。11.It is proposed that a study plan _ as soon as possible.A. is madeB. is to be madeC. be madeD. had been made【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：有人建议尽快制定研究计划。当propose表示“建议”

13、时，其后的宾语从句要用 (should) do的虚拟语气，其中should可以省略，故C项正确。12.He wished he _ in his house that day. If he hadnt, he _ everything overnight in the fire.A. didnt smoke; wouldnt loseB. hadnt smoked; wouldnt have lostC. didnt smoke; wouldnt have lostD. hadnt smoked; wouldnt lose【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他真希望他那天没在家里抽烟

14、，如果他没有，他就会不会一夜之间在大火中失去一切了。根据句意可知，第一空表示与过去事实相反的愿望，所以用had done；第二空表示与过去事实相反的假设，所以用would have done，故B项正确。【点睛】wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气表示某种不可能实现的愿望，其主要形式有三种：表示对现在的虚拟：wish+主语+动词过去式（be 用were），如，I wish I had a pair of wings；表示对过去的虚拟：wish+主语+had+过去分词，如，I wish you had come to my birthday party yesterday；表示对将来的虚拟：wish+

15、主语+would+动词原形,如，I wish you would try again。13.But for your help, I _ the work on time. I really do not know how I can thank you enough.A. wouldnt finishB. hadnt finishedC. wouldnt have finishedD. wont have finished【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是你的帮助，我就不会按时完成这项工作了。我真不知道该怎么感谢你才好。此处But for“要不是”，相当于if引导的虚拟语气

16、，与过去的事实相反，所以主语部分应该是would/might/could-+have done结构。故选C。14.Marys description of the party was so vivid that I felt as if I there.A. would beB. might have beenC. would have beenD. had been【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：玛丽对这次聚会的描述是如此生动，以至于我觉得我好像去过那里一样。根据句意及句中felt可知，此处描述的是与过去事实相反的情况，应使用过去完成时。故D选项正确。【点睛】as if的两种用

17、法：1.as if从句用陈述语气，我这里说的从句用陈述语气,是相对于虚拟语气而言的。即你所表达的句子是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。设想语境:比方说你现在屋里看不到外面的情况,却听到了雨滴声,表达如下:It sounds as if it is raining 听起来像是在下雨。2. as if 从句用虚拟语气，当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下：（1）如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。（2）从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had过去分词”。（3）从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“wouldcouldmig

18、ht动词原形15.My brother _ to college last year, but unfortunately he wasnt able to take the examination because he was seriously ill.A. neednt have goneB. shouldnt have goneC. could have goneD. must have gone【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。A. neednt have gone本不需要做某事，实际上却做了；B. shouldnt have gone本不应该做某事，实际上却做了；C. cou

19、ld have gone本可以做某事，实际上却没有做；D. must have gone一定做了某事；句意：我的哥哥去年本可以进大学，但不幸地是因为生了重病，没有能够参加考试。根据句意可知表示“本可以做某事，实际上却没有做”，这是对过去情况的虚拟，故C项正确。【点睛】“情态动词+have done”既可以表示对过去情况的推测，也可以表示虚拟语气。一、“must+ have+ done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用在肯定句里。1.It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.昨晚一定下雨了,因为地面还是湿

20、的。2.You must have been mad to speak to the servant.你和仆人说话,一定是发疯了。二、“cant+ have+ done”表示对过去事情的否定推测,译成“不可能做过某事”。1.Mr.Smith cant have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now.史密斯先生不可能去北京了,我刚才还在图书馆见过他。2. Mary cant have stolen your money. She has gone home.玛丽不可能偷你的钱,她回家去了。三、“can+ have+ done

21、”表示对过去行为的怀疑,用于疑问句,译成“可能做过吗?”。1. There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out?屋里没有灯,他们可能出去了吗?2. There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone?到处找不到他们,他们可能到什么地方去呢?四、“could+ have+ done”是虚拟语气, 表示对过去事情的假设, 意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless.本来他能够通过考试,

22、但是他太粗心。五、“may+ have+ done”表示对发生过的事情的推测,意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”,用于肯定句中。What has happened to George?I dont know. He may have got lost.乔治 发生了什么事?我不知道,他可能迷路了。六、“might+ have+ done”表示对过去事情的推测,might与may意思相同,但可能性更小.多用于虚拟语气结构中。1. He might have given you more help, even though he was busy.(MET90)他或许会多给你一些帮助,即使他很忙。2.

23、 She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chances.如果你多给她点机会,她可能已经取得更大的成绩。七、“would+ have+ done”虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是“本来会做”。1. I would have told you all about the boys story, but you didnt ask me.我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事,但是你没有问我。2. Without your help, I wouldnt have achieved so much.没有你

24、的帮助,我是不会取得如此大的成绩。3. Thank you so much for everything! I wouldnt survived without you.谢谢你为我做的一切,没有你我可能都无法活下来。八、“should+ have+ done”意思是“本来应该做某事,而实际没做.”“shouldnt+ have+ done”表示本来不应该做某事,而实际做了.含有指责对方或自责的含意。1. Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday.汤姆,你太懒惰了,这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。2. L

25、ook, Tom is crying. I shouldnt have been so harsh on him.看,汤姆哭了,我本来不应该对他如此严厉。3.We shouldnt have dragged him into this business at all.我们本不应该把他拉进来的(意思被拉下水,无法收场。)九、“ought to+ have+ done”表示过去应该做而实际并没有做,译成“理应做”,往往表示遗憾，与“should+ have+ done”用法基本一样。I ought to have gone home last Sunday.我理应上星期日回家。You ought

26、not to have given him more help.你不应该帮助他那么多。十、“need+ have+ done”表示本来需要做某事而没有做.“neednt+ have+ done”则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。I neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came.我本来没有必要买这么多酒,只来了五个人。He need have hurried to the station. In that case, he wouldnt have missed the train.他本来需要快点去车站,那样的话,他就不会误了火车。第二

27、节：阅读理解 (共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AAbout aspirin(阿司匹林)Aspirin is a commonly used drug which can be taken to relieve discomfort caused by numerous medical problems including headaches, toothache, inflammation and infections. It is also suitable to treat colds

28、 and flu-like symptoms, and to reduce a high temperature.Who can take aspirin?Adults and children over 16 years of age.Who should not take aspirin?Women who are pregnant, or plan to become pregnant. Aspirin may harm your unborn baby.Women who are breast-feeding. Aspirin can pass into your breast mil

29、k and may harm your baby.People who have any problems with the way the liver works or with the way the kidneys work.How to take aspirin:Take aspirin after meals, with a full glass of water or milk.The recommended dose(剂量) ranges from two to three tablets at a time. Never take more than 4g (12 tablet

30、s) in any 24-hour period.You must not take these tablets with any other medicine which contains any aspirin or painkiller.How to store aspirin:Keep all medicines out of the reach and sight of children.Store aspirin in a cool, dry place, away from direct heat and light.Do not put aspirin in the bathr

31、oom because the dampness there can cause it to lose its effectiveness.Throw away aspirin that smells strongly of vinegar.Possible side effects:Feeling sick, increased risk of bleeding, stomach pain, indigestion and heartburn are common. If these effects continue, contact your doctor.Ringing in the e

32、ars, difficulty breathing, dizziness, and mental confusion are rare. If these occur, stop taking the drug and contact your doctor for further advice.16. In which case will you take aspirin according to the text?A. Stomachache.B. Fever.C. Breathlessness.D. Nosebleed.17. How many times can you take as

33、pirin at most in a day?A. 6.B. 4.C. 5.D. 3.18. What type of writing is this text?A. An announcement.B. A medical report.C. An official guide.D. Medical instructions.【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D【解析】本文是是一篇医疗指导。文章介绍阿司匹林的使用方法及注意事项。【16题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中Aspirin is a commonly used drug which can be taken to relieve

34、 discomfort caused by numerous medical problems including headaches, toothache, inflammation and infections. It is also suitable to treat colds and flu-like symptoms, and to reduce a high temperature.由此可知“发烧”要服用阿司匹林。故选B。【17题详解】推理判断题。根据文中The recommended dose(剂量) ranges from two to three tablets at a

35、time. Never take more than 4g (12 tablets) in any 24-hour period.可知如果一次吃2片，一天不超过12片，所以一天最多吃6次阿司匹林。故选A。【18题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段Aspirin is a commonly used drug which can be taken to relieve discomfort caused bynumerous medical problems including headaches, toothache, inflammation and infections.可知本文介绍阿司匹林的使

36、用方法，所以文章属于医疗指导。故选D。BSo often I hear people justify（为辩解）their lack of family trips because their children are not old enough to remember them. This reason is so confusing to me. Who would travel based on another persons memory?Of course the kids arent going to remember anything in infancy（婴儿期）, but y

37、ou will. You will remember all the sweet memories you had with them.My parents would take me to Guatemala as a child. I dont remember a lot about the trip, but I do know that when I went back as a young adult, I felt comfortable in my surroundings. I didnt spend my time there discovering a new way o

38、f life. I spent the time having fun with my family. I love looking at pictures that we took together when I was my sons age. I dont remember them, but thats not the point. The point is, I was there with my family, and I know I was happy.Now that Im a parent, I cant help but do the same. Last year, w

39、e took our 2-year-old son to Disney alongside his great-grandmother. His great-grandmother had recently begun to suffer from Alzheimers. That trip was timed in the most magical way right before my son was old enough to remember it and right before his great-grandmother began to forget. This makes me

40、 want to cry for them both. How did we get so lucky to have this moment to share with each other before big changes influenced our family forever?Realistically speaking, many families do not have the opportunity to travel internationally or visit pricey theme parks. I understand this more than you k

41、now, but Im talking beyond that. They are young but these forgettable moments are still changing them. They will shape your children into who they will be tomorrow. The memories we absorb as their parents are also as influential as we have not finished learning our truths either.19. Why do some pare

42、nts go on few family trips?A. They have no time.B. They cannot afford them.C. They are not interested in them.D. They think their kids wont remember them.20. Whats the authors impression of her childhood trip to Guatemala?A. Clear.B. Boring.C. Pleasing.D. Hard.21. Which influenced the author to plan

43、 the Disney trip?A. Her son.B. Her parents.C. Some old photos.D. Other parents ideas.22. Why did the author want to cry when recalling the Disney trip?A. She was sorry for her grandmothers disease.B. She was worried about big family changes.C. She was moved by the timing of the trip.D. She was surpr

44、ised by her sons growth.【答案】19. D 20. C 21. B 22. C【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。有些家长认为孩子太小记不住事情,因而认为带他们去旅行没有意义。而作者认为,虽然孩子们很小,可能记不住这些,但是这些美好时光不仅会在潜移默化中塑造他们,也会对家长们产生巨大的影响。【19题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的 “So often I hear people justify（为辩解）their lack of family trips because their children are not old enough to remember them.”可知,

45、我经常听到人们为他们没有家庭旅行辩解，因为他们的孩子太小不足以记住旅行的经历。所以家长们认为孩子们太小记不住事情,因此家庭旅行较少。故D选项正确。【20题详解】推理判断题。由第三段中的My parents would take me to Guatemala as a child. I dont remember a lot of the tripThe point is, I was there with my family, and I know I was happy.”可知,小时候，父母带我去危地马拉。我不太记得那次旅行了。关键是，我和我的家人在一起，我知道我很开心。作者不太记得去危地

46、马拉的旅行，但记得家人在一起，作者很开心。所以判断出作者认为童年的旅行令她感到愉快。故C选项正确。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“My parents would take me to Guatemala as a child”以及第四段中的“Now that Im a parent, I cant help but do the same”可知,小时候，父母会带我去危地马拉。现在我已经为人父母了，也和自己的父母做相同的事情。所以作者如今身为母亲,受到自己父母的启发,也带着儿子出去旅行。故B选项正确。【22题详解】推理判断题。由第四段中“That trip was timed in

47、the most magical way right before my son was old enough to remember it and right before his great-grandmother began to forget. This makes me want to cry for them both. How did we get so lucky to have this moment to share with each other before big changes influenced our family forever?”可知,这次与祖母和儿子的迪

48、士尼之行是一段很神奇的经历,祖母患病,记忆日渐衰退,而儿子不断成长,记忆力日渐增强,作者觉得很幸运在家庭的重大改变来临之前的这个时间节点,一家人还能有机会度过美好时光。所以判断出为什么作者回忆迪斯尼之旅时想哭是因为她被这段旅行的时间节点所感动。故C选项正确。CThe clock is ticking. David Brunelli has just swallowed a huge burger. The crowd cheers excitedly as he downs fistfuls of fries.Welcome to the world of competitive eating

49、.Brunelli is part of a select group who compete to eat massive quantities of food as quickly as possible. Eating contests may seem like harmless fun, but they have a dark side and some critics are saying its time for them to stop.Pouring crazy amounts of food down our throats is nothing new. Gorging

50、 banquets (狼吞虎咽）was a regular part of ancient Roman culture. In the 1800s, some New York City politicians settled bets through eating challenges. Pie-eating contests have been a Fourth of July tradition for more than a century.For supporters like Brunelli, though, eating contests are more than a cus

51、tom. They are a path to fortune.But prize money does nothing to reduce the health risks of competitive eating. Competitive eating can even be life-threatening. In 1991, a man in Virginia suffered a stroke (中风) after eating 38 eggs in 29 seconds; In Florida, in 2012, a man died shortly after winning

52、an eating contest leading a group of doctors to call for a ban on eating contests.In any event, the risk to competitors is only part of the story. Nearly two-thirds of Americans are overweight, and competitive eating sets a terrible example by encouraging overeating. And in a world where 805 million

53、 people go hungry every day, downing ridiculous quantities of food for entertainment seems not just wasteful but also cruel.For now, though, it seems eating contests are here to stay. Last year, more than three million viewers watched Nathans Famous Hot Dog Eating Contest on TV. This year, Matt Ston

54、ie ate 182 pieces of bacon in 5 minutes, breaking the world record.What record will be broken next? Do you really want to find out?23. What does the author try to express in Paragraph 4?A. Competitive eating is a tradition.B. Its great to learn from ancient people.C. Competitive eating should be acc

55、epted.D. Its exciting to challenge others to eat.24. Why does Brunelli take part in the eating contest?A. For food.B. For fun.C. For honor.D. For money.25. The examples given in Paragraph 6 are used to show eating contests .A. use unhealthy food.B. waste too much food.C. put competitors at risk.D. s

56、et a bad example to kids.26. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. The author hopes to break the record.B. The author is eager to know the result.C. The author wants readers to find out the result.D. The author disapproves of competitive eating.【答案】23. A 24. D 25. C 26. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。欢

57、迎来到竞争性饮食的世界。作者认为“竞争性饮食是一种传统。” “作者不赞成竞争性饮食。”【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中Gorging banquets (狼吞虎咽会）were a regular part of ancient Roman culture. In the 1800s, some New York City politicians settled bets through eating challenges. Pie-eating contests have been a Fourth of July tradition for more than a century.可知，作者试图在第4段中表达“竞争性饮食是一种传统。”故选A。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段For supporters like Brunel