仁爱英语八年级下册-语法复习练习

1、 仁爱英语八年级下册 语法复习练习一，系动词及用法。大多数联系动词后面接形容词，seem 后还可接不定式, be 后可接副词、名词、介词短语等。联系动词和后面的表语一起构成句子的谓语。初中阶段常见的联系动词有be , look(看起来)，seem（似乎，好像），feel(感觉，感到)，sound(听起来)，smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来），get(变)，become(变得，成为)，turn(变)，go（变），grow(变)，等。 表示变化的系动词的区别： 天气变化用 get; 颜色的变化用 turn; 由好变坏用 go; 逐渐变化用 grow; 好变坏、坏变好用 become 或 g

2、et;成为用 become. 翻译下列句型：1. 这朵花闻起来很香(sweet_2. 这种食物尝起来是可口的（delicious）_3. 她似乎很担心。_4. 她感到烦恼。_5. 这首歌听起来很优美。_6. 树木变得越来越绿。_7. 我感到失望。_8. 天气变得越来越暖和。_二，状语从句1. he took off his coat _ he felt hot. a. because b. as c. if d. since2. it is _ that wedlike to go out for a walk.a. a lovely day b. too lovely a day c. so

3、 lovely a day d. such lovely a day3. mary had _ much work to do that she was busy all day. a. such b. so c. too d. very4. _ i felt very tired, i tried to finish the work. a. although b. because c. as d. as if 15. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. a. with b. since c. while d. as6. _ well you

4、can drive, you must drive carefully.a. so long as b. in order that c. no matter how d. the moment7. write to me as soon as you _ to beijing. a. will get b. get c. getting d. got1. 布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生都很喜欢她。mrs bruce was _ kind to her students _ they all_ her very much .2. 只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。word 文档

5、our parents will be pleased with our performance _ _ _ we try our best.3. 你一到就给我打个好吗？will you please call me _ _ _ you get to shanghai.4. 虽然她很忙，她还坚持自学英语。_ _ _ _, she kept on learning english by herself.5. 他长大后想当一名老师。he wants to be a teacher _ _ _ _.6 如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。_ _ _ _ _ to protecting t

6、he environment, the world will becomemuch more beautiful.7. 明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。li ming didnt come to school _ _ _ _三、宾语从句1. 宾语从句的连接词宾语从句是一种主从复合句，在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语。根据宾语从句原先（做宾语之前）的句式，我们把宾语从句分为三类。1）. 宾语从句原先是述句的，由 that 连接。that 只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，可省略。he said. he wanted to stay at home.he said (that) he wanted to st

7、ay at home.she doesnt know. she is seriously ill. she doesnt know_i am sure . he will succeed. i am sure _.2）. 宾语从句原先是特殊疑问句的，由其本身疑问词连接。连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which 和连接副词 when, where, why, how。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：do you know ？who (whom) are they waiting for?do you know who (whom) they are

8、 waiting for?can you tell me? where is the no.3 bus stop ? _i dont know. why is the train late?3）.宾语从句原先是一般疑问句的，由 if 或 whether。if 和 whether 在句中的意思是“是否”。i want to know. does he live there? i want to know if he lives there?he asked me. was there a book store on center street? _2. 宾语从句的语序_宾语从句的语序应为述句（主

9、谓式）的语序。例如： i hear (that) physics isnt easy.i think (that) you will like this school soon. can you tell me how i can get to zoo?please tell me when well have the meeting.3. 宾语从句的时态1） 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。 如：i dont think (that) you are right. please tell us where he is.can you tell me how i

10、can get to the railway station?2） 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如： he asked what time it was.he told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.he asked if you had written to peter.he said that he would go back to the u.s. soon.3） 如果宾语从句所述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例our teacher sa

11、id that january is the first month of the year.word 文档 scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.宾语从句的口诀：学习宾从要注意，时态语序和连词。时态主从要呼应：主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意。主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去。 宾从所示表真理，时态不变不怀疑。语序要用述序，切莫照搬疑问句。that 连接述句，省与不省要注意。 从句若表“是否”时，if/whether 要牢记。 特殊问句做宾语，仍用原来疑问词。 三个问题要记牢，切莫丢东又往西。( )1they wan

12、t to know _ do to help us.a. what they can b. how they can c. how can they d. what can they( )2his teacher _ he _ bright and _ he was worth teaching.a. didnt think; was; that b. thought was; whetherc. didnt think; was; d .thought; wasnt; ( )3_ we ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.a.if b.

13、whether c.that d.where学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。 1.引导词1从句为述句，常选择引导词 that 或将 that 省略，直接与主句相连。2从句为一般疑问句，常选择 if 或 whether。在 whether or not 结构中不能用 if 替换。3从句为特殊疑问句，常选择 what, when, where, which, who, how 等的疑问代、副词作引导词。注意：当 who 为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他2.判断时态情况1主句是一般现在时，从句为各种时态情况。2主句是一般过去时，从句为各种相应过去时态注意；描绘客观事实，用一般现在时

14、。( ) 1. the teacher told the children that the sun_ round. a. was b. is c. were d. are( ) 2. i believe that our team_ the basketball match. a. win b. won c. will win d. wins( ) 3. i dont know_ to visit the old man. a. whether b. if c. that d. who3.宾语从句的用法1that 引导宾语从句无意义，不充当句子成分常省略。但下列情况除外：(1)介词宾语从句的

15、 that 不省略(2)and 连接的几个从句，第二个从句以后的从句的 that 不省略。he told me (that) he had two sons and that they both had gone to college.(3)在动词+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句结构中，that 不省略。i heard it said that he had gone abroadwe found it impossible that he could finish it in such a short time2.whether,if 引导宾语从句：两词可互换，但是下列情形除外：(1)wheth

16、er 从句中有 or not (2)介词后用 whether.eerything depends on whether you agree with us3宾语从句的语序要用述句语序错: he is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.正: he is wondering _finish this difficult job.4 带有宾语从句的复合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。 即否定前移。错: i think he doesnt like the english teacher. .正: i _ think he _ the engl

17、ish teacher.5. 主句一般过去时态，从句也要用过去时态；即主过从过。错: he wanted to know why he is crying in the corner.正: he wanted to know _ _ _ crying in the corner.宾语从句 从下列 a、b、c、d 中选择一个正确选项填空。word 文档 1. i dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, ill tell youa. if; whether b. whether; whether2. i dont know _ the day

18、after tomorrow.a. when does he come b. how will he come3. could you tell me _ the nearest hospital is?a. what b. how c. whether d. where4. could you tell me _ the radio without any help?c. if; that d. if; ifc. if he comes d. whether hell comea. how did he mend b. what did he mend5. i want to know _.

19、b. whom she is looking c. whom is she looking6. do you know where _ now?c. how he mended d. what he mendeda. whom is she looking afterd. whom she is looking aftera. he lives b. does he live c. he lived d. did he live7. do you know what time _?a. the train leave b. does the train leave c. will the tr

20、ain leave d. the train leaves8. i dont know _. can you tell me, please?a. how the two players are old b. how old are the two playersc. the two players are how old d. how old the two players are9. the small children dont know _.a. what is their stockings inc. where is their stockings in10. i cant und

21、erstand _.b. what is in their stockingsd. what in their stockingsa. what does christmas mean b. what christmas does meanc. what mean christmas does d. what christmas meansii. 按要求转换句型。1. does mr. brown enjoy living in china? could you tell us?（改写句子）could you tell us _ mr. brown _ living in china?2. d

22、oes the girl need any help?” he asked me.（变为复合句）he asked me _ the girl _ some help3. jim is not a student. tom is not a student, either.（合并为一个句子）_ jim _tom is a student.4. when does the train leave? i want to know.（改为含宾语从句的复合句）i want to know _ the train _.5. they went home after they had finished th

23、eir homework. (用 notuntil 改写)they _ go home _ they had finished their homework6. did peter come here yesterday? li lei wants to know. (改为含宾语从句的复合句)li lei wants to know _ peter _ here yesterday.宾语从句专项训练参考答案： i. 15dddcd 610addbd ii. 1. ifwhether; enjoys2. ifwhether; needed 3. neither; nor 4. when; lea

24、ves 5. didnt; until 6. whether; came四，形容词和副词比较等级：21.in china families are becoming _ with _ children.a, small, few b, smaller, fewer c, smallest, fewest d, smaller, less22.why does she look so _? did she hail in the exam again?a, interested b, exciting c, unhappy d, surprised23.the boss tried to fin

25、ish the work with _ money and _ people.a, less, fewer b, fewer, few c, few, less, d, little, less24.mike went to school today because he felt _.word 文档 a, enough well b, good enough c, enough good d, well enough25.im sorry im late. there is _ with my bike.a, anything wrong b, something wrong c, wron

26、g anything d, wrong something26.whats the matter with tom? he looks _.a, unhappy b, hungrily c, sadly d, happily27.now mr. brown drives much _ than he did two years ago.a, careful b, carefully c, more careful d, more carefully28.is there _ in todays newspaper?a, something new b, new something c, any

27、 new things d, anything new29.which is _, cotton, wood or iron?a, heavier b, heaviest c, the heaviest d, the most heaviest30.in my opinion, tim doesnt write english _ his sister.a, as clear as b, so clear as c, more clearly as d, as clearly as31.a: is there _ in todays newspaper?b: yes.a, anything i

28、mportant b, any important thing c, important anything d, any things important32.he spoke _ for everyone in the class to hear.a, enough loud b, loud enough c, louder enough d, enough louder33.your idea sounds much _ than his.a, interesting b, interested c, more interesting d, more interested34. ships

29、 come and go on the river _ boats.a, as noisy as b, noisier than c, as noisily as d, much noisily than35.the train travels at top speed. the underlined part means _.a, the best b, the tallest c, the fastest d, the farthest词性变换：1.im afraid that i cant afford (负担) such an _ cell phone. (expense)2.dogs

30、 can help blind people walk across the street _. (safe)3.please read the test paper _ before you do it. (careful)4.there are _ than 200 passengers on his plane. (much)5.here is a _ present for your birthday. (love)6.he is not as _ to us as his sister. (friend)7.you _ helped me a lot. thank you very

31、much indeed. (real)8.the little girl was so _ when she saw the traffic accident. (frighten)形容词、副词参考答案 21-30 bcadb addcd 31-35 abccc1.expensive 2.safely 3.carefully 4.more 5.lovely 6.friendly 7.really 8.frightened五，动词不定式基本形式：to+动词原形（肯定形式）特征：没有人称和数的变化。词性变换：not to+动词原形（否定形式）常用句型： its + adj (+ for sb） +

32、 to do sth. too+ adj + to do sth.动词不定式可以跟疑问词连用。 例如. i dont know what to do how to do it.1. what do you want_(be) when you grow up?2. the police officer told the boys_(not play) soccer on the road.3. tony asked his grandpa_(give) him a toy car for his birthday.4. he decided_(make) decisions by himsel

33、f from now on.5. the workers plan_(build) the bridge in two years.6. i am really sorry_(hear) that.7. would you like something_(drink)?word 文档 8. his brother taught him_(play) basketball.9. li yang advised me _（_n_ot drin）k too much.10. you need _(see)a doctor when you have headaches often.六，常用的表达方式

34、1，关于花费： sth.cost s钱b.+sb. spend时+ 钱 in、on sth.doing sth. it t时a k et os bdo sth. sb.钱payfor sth.1. im interested in animals,so i_every saturday working in an animal hospital .a. pay2. they spend too much time_ the report.a. writing b. to write c. on writingb. costc. taked. spendd. write3. -what beau

35、tiful shoesreyowuearing! they must be expens-i-vneo，they only_l0 yuan.aspent btook cpaid dcost4. -will you pleasefor my dinner peter? -sure! a. spendb. payc. spendc usedc. co5. it will _me too much time to read this book. a. take6. this science book _ me a great amount of money. a. took7.-do you oft

36、en get online?b. costb.cost-yes, i _ lots of t i m ei t onas igto.o d way to kill time. a. cost2，特殊疑问词+不定式。（what to dohow to d ）o it3，表示方位的介词区别b. spendc.takein the 方+ 位名词 + o f 指某一围的地区。（中国，） to the方+位名词 + o f 指互不接壤互不管辖的地区。（中国，日本） on the方+位名词 +of 相互接壤但互不管辖的地区。（中国，尼泊尔）( ) 1 the united states is _ the

37、south of canada and _ the east of japan.a. to; in b. on; to c. in; beside d. at; on( ) 2 the man stood_the window, watching the boys playing outside.( ) 3 japan lies_ the east of china. a. on b/ to c. in d. with4，目的状语从句。(同结果状语从句) sothat 引导的状语从句。at .o in b. bso + adj. / adv. +t、hasto + adj. + an名/a词+

38、单数+ that 如此以至于 用于引导主句导致的结果。 such +n. + th从at句.。 同样表示 如此以至于。 不同：so后面接形容词或副词，such后面接名词。 so that引.导结果状语从句，表示 因此、所以。1她是如此的疲惫，以致于很快就睡着了。she was _ she _ quickly.2.这是一本非常有趣的小说，以致于我读了三遍。it was _ novel that read it three times.3.他跑得非常快，没人能追上他。 he runs _ nobody can catch up with him.4.玛丽有如此多的工作要做，以致于她整天呆在办公室。

39、mary had _ to do that she stayed at her office all day.5. pop music is such an important part of society _ it has even influenced our lana. as b. that c. which d. where6.his plan was such a good one _we all agreed to accept it. a. as b. that c7. the book was written in _ easy english _ even students

40、 could understand it.a. so; thatb. such; thatc. too; to8. zhou libo is good at making people laugh. his lively shows were _ hot that tickd. very; thatout in minutes. a. veryb. tooc. suchd. so1 形容词、副词的比较等级word 文档 1.原级：表示 a 与 b 在某方面相同。asas,not as/so as .注意：not as / so as = less than 不及；不如. less+原形，否定的

41、比较级.eg. this book isnt as interesting as that one= this book is _ _ _ that one.=that book is _ _ _this one.2.比较级：两者进行比较（常与 than 连用）which is _ useful, this one or that one? 哪本书更有趣，这本还是那本？3.最高级：三者（或三者以上）进行比较（常与表围的 in , of 短语连用）1)shanghai is the _(big) city in china.2)he runs _(fast) in our class.3)he

42、is the _(tall) of the three boys.4.形、副比较等级的其他用法1) “比较级 and 比较级” 表示 “越来越”lazier and lazier 越来越懒.注意：多音节词用此结构时应为 more and more + (形、副). more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮2) “the 比较级，the 比较级” “越，越”_ you are, _ you will get.你越懒，收获越少。注意: the 后是用形容词还是副词。你越细心。the more _ you are. =the more _ you do.3) “the 比较级 of

43、 +二者” “二者中较的一个”lucy is the _(young) of the twins.4)表示二者相差多少用 “具体数量 + 比较级”他比我高一个头。hes a _ _ than me.my brother is_ _ _ than me.(大两岁)5)表示“是几倍”时用“twice; three times 等 + asas”this book _ _ as _ as that one. 这本书的价钱是那本书的两倍。he has _ _ as _ books as i have 他拥有的书是我拥有的四倍。6)区别 older / elder 与 farther / further

44、older（年龄较老的）elder（指兄弟姐妹中排行在前的）eg. my _ brother is _ thanme.farther (指距离“较远的”)further(指抽象事物的“更进一步的”)1)he went abroad for _ studies.2)beijing is _ from our hometown than chongqing.形、副比较等级还应注意1.比较级前用 a little 一点儿; much / a lot ; even / still，表示“；得多 ； 更.1) a little bigger 大一点儿 2)much more 多得多 3)even hea

45、vier 更重但注意：不能在比较级前加 so; too; very; quite 等。这些词用在原形前。2.比较级必须是同类事物相比（即 as; than 后的词应与主语是 the 同类事物），注意常用漏的代词有：that; those; one; ones。my hair is longer than _ (she)the silk or woolen scarves feel softer than _ made of cotton.3.个体与整体相比，不能包括个体，常用“any other + 单数名词”来进行比较。1）betty(是个体) is cleverer than any st

46、udent in her class(是整体).正：betty is cleverer than _ _ student in her class.= betty is cleverer than ( _ ) _ students in her class.=betty is cleverer than _ _ in her class.( )word 文档 = _ _ is clever than betty.=betty is the _in her class.2)china is bigger than _ _ in africa.中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。3) china is

47、bigger than _ _ _in asia. 中国比亚洲任何一个其他国家大。*4.使用最高级时应把主语包括在围。mary is the tallest of all her sisters.( ) (all her sisters 已排除了 mary)改：mary is the tallest of all the sisters.5.表示“第二、第三”时，可在最高级前加“second , third, ”（但“第一”可以省略用 first）yellow river is the _ _ river in china,2 句子分析一、句子成分（一）句子成分的定义：有主要成分和次要成分；主

48、要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和_。（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）it is necessary to master a foreign language.（it 作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：he practices running every morning.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原

49、形构成。如：you may keep the book for twoweeks.（2）由系动词加表语构成。如：we are students.（四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如 be, become, get, look,grow, turn, seem 等）之后。his job is to teach english.（不定式）（五）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。he pretended not to see me.（不定式短语）宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），例如：lend me your dictionar

50、y, please.（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如：they made him their monitor.（六）宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如 make 等+宾语+宾补）。例如：his father named him dongming.（名词）（七）定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以下等成分表示：our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.（不定式短语）（八）状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整

51、个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。状语种类如下：1 how about meeting again at six?（_状语）2 last night she didnt go to the dance party because of the rain.（_状语）3 i shall go there if it doesnt rain.（_状语）4 mr smith lives on the third floor.（_状语）5 she put the eggs into the basket with great care.（方_状语）6 she came in with a dictionary in her hand.（伴_状语）7 in order to catch up with the others, i must work harder.（_状语）8 he was so tired that he fell a