钢铁材料的许用应力

1、表2碳钢铸件基本许用应力/MPa材材料性能拉压弯曲扭转剪切料 类材料 标号截面尺寸/mm热处 理抗拉强度 (T b 屈服强度TS/MPaInInInIn型T lT lT lTTTT nT nT nTTT普Q215热扎t b335 410 t s185215145125901751401059590601009060通 碳Q235100t b375 460 t s205235160140100190160120105956511010070钢Q275t b490 610 t s235275175150110210170130115105701201108020正火T b410 t s245175

2、1451052101651251151057012010575优25T b450 t s275195160115230175135125115751351208035 100T b530 t s3152101801252502001501351208014512085质调质t b550 750 t s3203702101851302502051551351258514512085碳45正火t b600 t s3552302001452702201701501359016014095调质t b630 800 t s370 4302502151503002351801601501001751501

3、00钢50 25正火T b630 t s375250215150300235180160150100175150100 700 t s 400265235165310260195170155105180160110材料标号截面尺寸/mm热处 理材料性能拉压弯曲扭转剪切抗拉强度 (T b 屈服强度TS/MPaInInInInT lT lT lTTTT nT nT nTTTZG20 400100正 火 及 回 火T b400 t s20013512090160135105908060958560ZG230- 450t b450 t s23015514010018515512010085651109

4、065ZG270- 500t b500 t s2701751601152101751351151007512010575ZG310- 570T b570 t s3101901701252301901451251058013011080ZG340 640t b640 t s3402001801302402051551301158714012087表3灰铸铁基本许用应力/MPa材料标号壁 厚/mm抗压强度/MPa抗拉强度/MPa中心抗压弯曲扭剪压拉拉压InInInInCT lT lT lT lT lTTTTTTHT-1502.5 1050070017514080502820503023452418

5、 102014514080412417412519372015 20 3013014080372115372217331813 30 5012014080341914342115311712HT-2002.5 10600800220170100633625633828573123 1020195170100563222563325502720 20 30170170100492819492922442417 30 50160170100462618462721412216HT-2504.0 108001000270230130774431774635693728 102024023013069

6、3927694131623325 20 30220230130633625633828573123 30 50200230130573223573426512821HT-300 102010001200290285160834733835037754030 20 30250285160714129714332643526 30 50230285160663726663930593224HT-350 102011001300340315180975539975844874735 2030290315180834733835037754030 30 502603151807442307444336

7、73627附表钢铁的许用应力（kgf/cm2）载荷软钢中硬钢铸钢钢铁I9001500120018006001200300拉伸n6001000800 1200400600200川300500400 600200400100I9001500120018009001500900压缩n6001000800 12006001000600I9001500120018007501200弯曲n6001000800 1200500800川300500400 600250400I72012009601440480960300剪切n480800640960320640200川24040032048016032010

8、0I60012009001440480960扭转n400800640960320640200400320480160320（注）载荷指 I：静载荷 U:重复载荷 川：交变载荷表4 许用弯曲应力（7 3材料极限强度7kgf/cm 2许用应力7 kgf/cm 2稳定载荷冲击或脉动载荷反复交变载荷40001300700400碳 素50001700750450碳 素钢60002000950550700023001100650800027001300750合金钢1000033001600900铸钢40001000500300钢50001200700400表5轴的常用材料及许用弯曲应力30钢号处理毛坏直径

9、(mm)机械性匕匕 厶冃硬度HB许用弯曲 应力c wkgf/cm 2c bkgf/mm2Ic skgf/mm2c - 1kgf/mm2正火25543226 1871100正火 100 300502624143187100035正火+回火 300500482423137187960500750462322131187920调质 100 300542825.51442011080正火25613628 2411150正火 100 3005829271632071130正火+回火 30050056282615620710805007005427251492071050调质 20065363018722

10、9125025907546160035Si Mn 100 300754535217269140042Si Mn 300400704032.52172551350 400500653831.5197255130040MB调质2510080502402901750 2007550361450 100 3007255362172691450 3005007050351972411400 50080060403018624112502510080501750 100 3007050352412861480 3005006540312292601300 5008006035292172601200注：表

11、中c -i适用于 4 8,如果光洁度提高或降低，c -i应相应提高或降低515%表6轴类零件允许变形的参考数值变形名称变形允许值挠度V一般用途的轴 需要提高刚度的转轴 安装齿轮的轴 安装蜗轮的轴V =(0.0003 0.0005) 1v =0.0002 1v =(0.01 0.05)mnv =(0.01 0.05)mt朋9转滑动轴承 向心球轴承 向心球面轴承 圆柱滚子轴承 圆锥滚子轴承 安装齿轮的轴承0 =0.001rad0 =0.005rad0 =0.005rad0 =0.0025rad0 =0.0016rad0 =0.001rad注：i轴承之间的长度（mm）； m齿轮法面模数（mm）；Mt蜗轮的端面模数（mm）。表7 轴弯曲的允许变形量