形容词的比较级和最高级

1、形容词的比较级和最高级英语中的形容词通常用三种形式来表达事物的等级差别，分别是原级、比较级和最高级。大 部分形容词的比较级和最高级是通过变化词尾来实现的，属于规则变化，但也有少数是不规则变 化。英语中有些形容词说明形状、材质等，还有形容词没有程度可分或其本身就表示某种程度， 故而没有比较级和最高级。常见的有：right 正确的 wrong 错误的 last最 后的possible 可能的empty空 的wooden 木制的round圆 的 golden 金色的excellent 最好的 first 第一的 impossible不 可能的 square 方的final 最后的 east 东方的f

2、avourite 最喜欢的一、比较级和最高级的构成1. 规则变化（1）单音节和少数双音节形容词变化规则如下：1）单音节词末尾加 -er（比较级）， -est（最高级）例】 原级比较级最高级greatgreatergreatestsmallsmallersmallestcleancleanercleanest2）单音节如以e 结尾，只加 -r（比较级），-st（最高级）例】 finefinerfinestnicenicernicestwidewiderwidest3）以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单音节词，须先双写这个辅音字母，再-est（最高级） bigger hotterbiggest ho

3、ttest加-er（比较级）， 【例】 big hotfat fatter fattest4）以“辅音字母 +y”结尾的双音节词，将 y 变为 i， 加-er（比较级）， -est（最 高级）happyhappierhappiesteasyeasiereasiestheavyheavierheaviestfunnyfunnierfunniest【例】5）以-er， ow， -ble 结尾的双音节词，末尾加 -er（比较级）， -est（最高级） 【例】 clever cleverer cleverestnarrownarrowernarrowestable abler ablest比较级），m

4、ost（最高级） most tired most interesting most difficult（2）其他双音节词和多音节词在词前加 more 【例】 tiredmore tiredinterestingmore interestingdifficultmore difficult（注意： A：有词根加 ly 构成的形容词，在词前加 more（比较级）， most（最高 级）如 friendlyfriend+ly 构成, friendly more friendly most friendly；B：以形容前缀 un 构成的三音节形容词不 适合上述情况，如 unhappyunhappier

5、unhappiest, untidyuntidieruntidiest ）比较级的用法2.不规则变化 形容词的不规则变化如下：原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstlittle/ fewlessleastmuch/manymoremostfarfarther 更远的（只指距离 ） further 更远的（指距离） ； 更深入的（指程度）farthest; furthestoldolder 较老的，较旧的； 长辈 的（ 指年龄、新旧、血缘） ； elder 长辈的（只指血缘）oldest; eldest（1）高于或低于另一方的比较运用“ 比较级+

6、than”的结构可以表达一方超过或低于另一方的情况。 即 ： 物体 A + am / are / is + 形比 + than + 物体 B.She is more beautiful than my sister. 她比我的姐姐漂亮。This bottle is bigger than that one.这瓶子比那瓶子大。（2）比较级 +and+比较级 这种结构表示事物本身程度的逐渐增长，意为“越来越 She is becoming fatter and fatter. 她变得越来越胖。It is getting warmer and warmer. 天气变得越来越暖和。三、最高级的用法1.

7、 表示在三者或三者以上中程度最高 最高级是表示在三者或更多者中程度最高的比较形式。此时应运用形容词的最 高级，其句式为： the+形容词最高级 +（名词） +表示范围的短语或从句 ,即： 物体 A + am / are / is + the + 形最高级 + （名词） +比较范围（ of + 人/物，in +地方） Lucy is the most beautiful girl in her school.露西是她学校最漂亮的女孩。Jim is the thinnest of the three boys. 吉姆是这三个男孩中最瘦的。2. “最”的其他表达方法。（1）运用比较级表达最高级的概念

8、。Ann is taller than any other girl in her class.Ann is taller than the other girls in her class.Ann is taller than the rest of girls in her class. 以上三句表达的意思等同于最高级的含义： Ann is the tallest of the girls in her class. 安是她们班上最高的女生。四、比较级和最高级的修饰语1. 比较级的修饰语 修饰比较级的常用语和短语主要有： much（.得多） ,a lot（ .得多） , a little（

9、.一点）, a bit（.一点） , twice（ .两倍） , five times（.五倍）等。Do you feel much better today than yesterday? 你今天感觉比昨天好很多了吗？2. 最高级的修饰语 常用的最高级的修饰语有序数词 the first，the second等以及 almost（差不多，几 乎）, nearly（差不多，几乎）。Africa is the second largest continent. 非洲是第二大洲。Amy s writing is almost the best of all the students. 在所有学生中

10、，艾米的书写几乎是最好的。五、需要注意的情况1. 使用比较级时常见的错误（1）more 不可修饰比较级，但是 much 可以用来加强比较级，意为“ .的多”、 “更.”。She looks more younger than I. （ ）She looks much younger than I. （）（2）比较的对象或范围出现错误。The weather of Shanghai is hotter than Beijing. （ ） （比较的对象应该是北京的天气，而不是北京）The weather of Shanghai is hotter than that of Beijing. （）

11、上海的天气比北京的热。China is larger than any country in Asia. （ ） （出现了逻辑上的错误， 中国就是亚洲 的一个国家，应当排除在外 ）China is larger than any other country in Asia. （） 中国比亚洲别的国家要大。2. 形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词 the,而以下几种情况一般不需要加定冠词 the: （1）形容词最高级前有序数词、物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格等限定词修 饰时,最高级前不用 the。如 :The Yellow River is the second longest river in Ch

12、ina黄. 河是中国第二长河。（ 2）形容词最高级在句中作表语而比较范围又不明确时 ,最高级前不用 the。如:They are happiest on Saturdays他. 们在星期六最快乐。（ 3）如果两个形容词最高级并列修饰同一个名词时 ,第二个形容词最高级前不加 the。如 :He is the youngest and tallest boy in his clas他s. 是班上年龄最小、 个子最高的男孩。练习形容词比较级和最高级 （一）一、写出下列单词的反义词1. hot2.new 3. clean 4. high5. heavy 6.cold 7. bad二、写出下列形容词的比

13、较级和最高级1. old 2. busy 3. thin 4. many 5. slow 6. delicious 三、用适当形式填空：1. Bob is ( young ) than Fred but (tall) thanFred.2. Yingtian is not as (tall) asYongxian.3. Almost all the students faces are the same but Li Deming looks (fat) thanbefore .4. Which is (heavy), a hen or a chicken?5. - How (tall) is

14、 Sally?- She s 1.55 metres (tall). What about Xiaoling?- She s only 1.40 metres (tall). She is much (short) than Sally. Sheis also the (short)girl in the class.6. He is (bad) at learning maths. He is much (bad) at Chinese and heis the (bad) at English.7. Annie says Sally is the (kind) person in the

15、world.8. He is one of the(friendly) people in the class, I think.9. A dictionary is much (expensive) than a story-book.10. An orange ia a little (big) than an apple, but much (small) thana watermelon.11. Miss Chen is than Mr. Wang. (popular)12. Mr. Lin Mr. Brown. (sad)13. The basketball the baseball

16、. (big)14. Question A Question B. (important)15. A rose a wee野d(草 ). (beautiful)16. Toronto is city in Canada. (large)17. Playing computer games is of all the activities.(interesting).18. The Nile(尼羅河 ) is river in the world. (long)19. Good health is thing life. (important)20. Taking a taxi is way t

17、o get to the airport. (easy)21. Test 1 is of all the tests. ( difficult )22. He isthan any other boy in the class(. clever)23. She is than all the other students. (young)24. The window is of the two. (narrow)25. Where is the bus-stop? (near)26. He is one of Politicians. (famous)27. Tom drives much t

18、han John. (careful)28. The white flower is (beautiful). The yellow flower is (beautiful)than the white flower. The red flower is the of the three.四、 选择题1. She is _ than .A. busier / usB. busier / weC. more busy / us D. more busy / we2.Jane is _ than Betty.A. less tallerB. less tallestC. less tall D.

19、 not as tall3.China is _ country in the world.A. the third largest B. the largest third C. the third large D. a third largest4. -Which is season in Beijing?-I think its autumn.A.good B.better C.best D.the best5- Which is , the sun, the moon or the earth?- Of course, the moon is.A.smallB.smallerC.sma

20、llestD.the smallest6. The air in Beijing is getting much now than a few years ago.A. cleanB. cleanerC. cleanestD. the cleanest7. Mobile phones are very popular now and they are than before.A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest8I study English asas my brother.A.hard B. harder C. hardest9. W

21、hich is , a bicycle or a computer?A. expensive B.more expensive C.the most expensive10. The Yellow River is one of rivers in China.A long B longer C the longest11.She is the second student in our class.A. tall B. taller C. talles 形容词比较级和最高级(二) 一、用括号里的词的适当形式填空。1. Tom can jump (high). He jumps (high)

22、than the other boys inhis class.2. Janet sing (well) in her class. She can sing (well) than her musicteacher, too.3. My father is (handsome). But my brother is (handsome) than him.He is (handsome) in my family.4. I have (many) books in my class. But my teacher has (many) booksthan (I).5. (they) hous

23、e is much (old) than (we).6. (she) dances (well) than (he).7. (he) house are (small) of the four.8. Does (she) mother get up (early) than (you)?9. Which eats (many), the mouse, the dog or the horse?10. Are (we) going to play football with (they)?写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式：long _ wide fat heavy _ slow few

24、far happy unhappy 三.用所给词的正确形式填空：1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the (clever).2. Gold(黄金 ) is (little) useful than iron( 铁).3. My sister is two years (old ) than I.4. John s parents have four daughters, and she is the (young) child.5. The (cheap) bags are the not usually the best ones.6. The short o

25、ne is by far expensive of the five.7. The boy is not so (interesting) as his brother.8. Dick sings (well), she sings (well) than John, but Marysings(well) in her class.9. She will be much (happy) in her mew house.10. This dress is that.(twice, as as, expensive)四. 选择填空：1 He feels today than yesterday

26、.A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired2. Which do you like , coffee, tea or milk?A. the worst B. worse C. the worse D. worst3. Of the two toys, the child chose.A. the expensive one B. one most expensiveC. a least expensive D. the most expensive of them4. The line is than that one.A. m

27、ore longer B. not longer C. much more longer D. many more longer5. The earth is the moon.A. as 49 times big as B. 49 times as bigger asC. 49 times as big as D.as big as 49 times6. The book is of the two.A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D. the thinnest7. She looks than she does.A. the more o

28、lder B. very older C. much older D. more older8. The garden is becoming .A. more beautiful and more B. more beautiful and beautifulC. more and more beautiful D. more beautiful and beautifuler9. They competed(比赛) to see who could work .A. the fastest and best B. the faster and the betterC. fastest an

29、d betterD. faster and better10. hurry, speed.A. More, less B. Much, little C. The more, the less D. The much, the little五. 翻译句子：1本书跟那本书一样有趣。This book is that one.2你游泳没有你弟弟好。You cant swim _ your brother.3今天比昨天冷的多。It is _ today_ it was yesterday.4对这个故事我比另一个喜欢的多。This story is _ than thatone.5 他比我大两岁。 H

30、e is than I.6 这个故事不如那个有趣。 This story is than that one.7 她的身体状况一天天好起来。 He is getting every day.8. 他对英语越来越感兴趣。 He is becoming English.9. 他吃的越多，人越胖。 The more he eats, the he gets.10. 你的问题是两个中比较难的那个 Your question is of two.六、用适当形式填空：1. Bob is ( young ) than Fred, but (tall) than Fred.2. Alice is not as

31、(tall) as Mike.3. Li Deming looks (fat) than before after the summer holidays.4. Which is (heavy), a hen or a chicken?5. - How (tall) is Sally?- She s 1.55 metres (tall). What about Xiaoling?- She s only 1.40 metres (tall). She is much (short) than Sally. Sheis also the (short) girl in the class.6.

32、He is (bad) at learning maths. He is much (bad) at Chinese andhe is the (bad) at English.7. Annie says Sally is the (kind) person in the world.8. He is one of the(friendly) people in the class, I think.9. A dictionary is much (expensive) than a story-book.10. An orange is a little (big) than an appl

33、e,but much (small) thana watermelon.11. The Changjiang River is the (long) river in China.12. Sue is a little (beautiful) than her sister.13. My room is not as (big) as my brother s.14. -How difficult is physics?-I m not sure.- Is it (difficult) than maths?- I don t think so.15. - Annie plays the pi

34、ano very (well).- Sue plays it (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the (well).16. Saturday is my (busy) day in a week.17. Her mother is getting (fat) and (fat).18. I think it s too expensive. I d like a (cheap) one.19. He comes to school much (early) than I.20. This book is not as (interesting) as

35、 that one.21. Your classroom is (wide)and (bright) than ours.22. Practise as (much) as you can.23. The (much), the (good).24. Nowadays(现在) English is ( important ) than any other subject, Ithink.25. Most of the students think a lion is much (dangerous) than a bear and itis the (dangerous) animal in the world.26. The apples in the other shop areand .(cheap; good)27. Many of the stars are soaway that we ca