2015年英语高考全国各地完形填空试题汇编 (含答案)

1、2016年全国各地高考完形填空汇编一、 完型填空高考考察的能力：二、 完型填空考察内容1、1、词汇：某些词义的识别，同义词辨析。英语习惯用法的熟悉程度。2、2、语法结构：语法规则的实际应用。3、3、语篇句意：从语篇角度,即上下文和情景语境综合测试考生的阅读理解能力4. 逻辑推理和生活常识三、考试题型（一）词汇题：单纯地考单词或短语的释义：固定短语搭配题：With it, astronauts will acquire a workhouse vehicle _ of flyingsintosspace and returning many times. A. capable B. suitab

2、le C. efficient D. fit答案：A.(二)语法题：语法结构题，主要是考结构词：代词、介词和从句连接词。4.Moreover, inaccurate or indefinite words may make _ difficult for the listener to understand the message which is being transmitted to him. (94)A. that B. it C. so D. this答案：B.(三)语篇题：文章的上下文决定所缺处所选择的词.这一考点要求学生根据文章的整体内容进行理解,根据层次结构和内容的逻辑关系,去

3、选择符合文章情节的答案,这也叫情景意义的选择.5.Getting enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no nutritional use for excess vitamins. Many people _ believe in being on the safe side and thus take extra vitamins. (96)A. nevertheless B. therefore C. moreover D. meanwhile答案：A.四、完型填空的解题技巧1、充满信心，沉着冷静。2、精读

4、第一句它是了解全文大意的基石.完形填空文章的第一句话通常是没有空白的完整句子，而且第一句往往是文章的主题句(Topic Sentence)，或是含有主题词的句子，考生可以根据它来把握文章的中心思想，为下面答题奠定基础。这里，首先我们 要知道英文的主题句的特点。一个有效的主题句应该有以下两个标准：1.Topic：主题或议题。明确指示段落的内容，起到限定主题范围的作用。2.Opinion：反映作者对待主题的观点、印象、态度，起到限定段落基调的作用。知道了英文主题句的特点之后，我们在阅读完型填空文章的第一句话时，就不应该只是读懂其字面中文意思，而是要透过首句来预测文章的中心内容，为接下来做题把准方向

5、。例如：The first and smallest unit that can be discussed in relation to language is the word. 这就是一句非常有效的主题句。据此，我们可以大胆地预测文章的主题是讨论词汇(word)与语言表达(language)的关系。作者的态度通 过first and smallest就说明作者认为词汇对于语言的重要意义。实际上，该篇文章的确是围绕词汇与语言的关系展开的。3.通读全文，掌握大意,粗选答案有相当一部分同学在没有通读全文、弄懂大意的情况下 就急忙边阅读边依空选择。这是一种不良的答题习惯。而且那些错误的答案会在大脑

6、中先入为主，在复查时很难发现，同学们在做题之前必须先集中精力将短文精读两遍，掌握其大意，同时要记住短文里的人物、时间或地点，尤其要注意首句和尾句的含义。这样，答题时才能心中有数。此时可以边阅读边粗选答案,这是为了尽量减少空格,帮助更透彻地了解全文.4、从上下文寻找信息词完形填空所选的文章都是具有逻辑关系、意义相联的语篇，而词语的重复出现、同义词和反义词的使用是重要的连句成篇的词汇纽带，因此，在行文中不可避免地会出现词语的复现、前后同义词、反义词相互照应等现象。警示：考生在答题时，不要急于求成。而要充分利用上下文信息词，在继续阅读中寻找和斟酌答案。充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作

7、用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。例如：1)Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very very .A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerous根据转折连词but的提示，所填入的词应与shallow相反，因此答案为A。2)Mrs ONeill asked questions and she didnt scold us either.A. no B. certain C. many D. moreand是一个并列连词；either为副词，用在否定句或否定词后

8、加强语势，由此可以确定所填的词也应是一个否定意义的词，因此答案是A。5.形意结合，前后参照 完形填空所要求填的答案在意义上必须和短文内容相符，形式上必须符合语法规则和习惯用法。有些同学之所以失分较多，其中一个很重要的原因就是顾此失彼。同学们在选择答案时，应先从意义上判断其是否与短文内容相吻合，然后再从形式 上（如时态、主谓一致、固定搭配 等）判断所选答案是否恰当，前后参照，连贯考虑，提高选择的准确率。 比如：Was she is a young chimpanzee(黑猩猩). She is no 41 chimpanzee, though. Scientists are doing a re

9、search 42 her . They want to see how civilized she can 43 . Already she does many things a human being can do.(95NMET) 41空的选项是foolish/ordinary/special/simple,均为形容词,都能修饰chimpanzee, 根据下文, 此黑猩猩在接受驯化,已经能做人能做的许多事,从而便可确定,她不再是普通的(ordinary)黑猩猩了.如果不前后参照,去辨别四个词的用法,是无法选出正确答案的.6.先易后难，迂回解题 做完形填空时，对于一时没有把握的题目，可以采

10、用“迂回战术”，在题号前标上记号，先绕过去做下面的题目。在做完较容易的题目之后再回过头来思考那些难题，同时把已确定好了的答案代入短文，帮助理解。这样，也许难题就不难了。7、把握文章组织结构主要是针对语篇题。做题时，要把准文章作者发展脉络，文章的起承转合，要注意段落与段落之间，句与句之间的内在逻辑联系，领悟暗示，选对答案。Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuri

11、es. Yet much had happened _21_. As was discussed before, it was not _22_ the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic _23_. (2002)21. A. between B. before C. since D. later22. A. after B. by C. during D. until23. A. means B. method C. medium D. measure答案：21. A. 22. D. 23. C

12、 分析：我们注意到文章讲了两个时间：20世纪和15、16世纪，而19世纪显然是处在两者之间，故21填between。22题是一语法结构题，固定结 构：It was not until-that-。23题属于前面介绍的信息词题。上文中出现的：television, printing, newspaper均说明该题应填medium8.了解生活常识，确定相关知识。Every morning she would give him breakfast in bed and bring him the paper to 30 (1998) A. check B.read C. keep D.sign 分析

13、: 外国人早上有读报的习惯,其中paper即为报纸.这是理解本文细节的关键,有了这些文化背景知识,可迅速推断出正确答案为9.必要时采用排除法,根据已知条件和信息去推断未知事物 10.全文贯通，复查核定做完题目后，要仔细复查核定。全方位,多角度地检查所选答案,看能否使全文连贯畅通,内容清晰,主题突出.对于个别拿不准的答案, 应根据语感完成.复查可以采用两种方法：1.不看已选的答案，再 把所有的题目做一遍，然后看看两个答案是否一致，如不一致，再仔细比较鉴别；2.把答案代入短文细读一遍，看所选答案是否与短文整体相吻合，再把每个空白 处与它相对应的4个答案一一对照。总结完型填空的做题方法：1、1、充满

14、信心，沉着冷静。2、2、精读第一句 3、通读全文，掌握大意,粗选答案 4、从上下文寻找信息词5、形意结合，前后参照 6、先易后难，迂回解题7、7、把握文章组织结构8 8、了解生活常识，确定相关知识。9、必要时采用排除法,根据已知条件和信息去推断未知事物 10、全文贯通，复查核定做题三忌做题三忌：v 急于求成，未通读全文便忙于答题，不了解文意，无整体概念边读边填，两眼忙于空白与选项之间，欲速则不达。v 只抠字眼，语法，不顾文意，抓不住关键。v 断章取义，就题论题，不管前后联系，互不照应，前后矛盾。2015年普通高等学校 招生全国统一考试（安徽卷）In our modern world, when

15、 something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The 36 is that countries around the world have growing mountains of 37 because peopleare throwing out more rubbish than ever before.How did we 38 a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to 39 an object than to spend time and money

16、 to repair it. 40 modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and 41 . Another cause is our42 of disposable (一次性的) products.As 43 people,we are always looking for 44 to save time and make our lives easier. Compan

17、ies 45 thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.Our appetite for new products also 46 to the problem. We are 47 buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that 48 is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The

18、 result is that we 49 useful possessions to make room for new ones.All around the world, we can see the 50 of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To 51 the amount of rubbish and to protect the 52 , more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. 53 ,

19、this is not enough to solve (解决) our problem.Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions 54 throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about 55. Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and tak

20、e care of our environment.36. A. keyB. reasonC. project D. problem37. A. giftsB. rubbishC. debtD. products38. A. faceB. becomeC. observeD. change39. A. hideB. controlC. replaceD. withdraw40. A. Thanks toB. As toC. Except for D. Regardless of41. A. safeB. funnyC. cheap D. powerful42. A. loveB. lackC.

21、 prevention D. division43. A. sensitiveB. kindC. braveD. busy44. A. waysB. placesC. jobsD. friends45. A. donate B. receive C. produceD. preserve46. A. adapts B. returns C. respondsD. contributes47. A. tired of B. addicted toC. worried aboutD. ashamed for48. A. newer B. stronger C. higherD. larger49.

22、 A. pick up B. pay forC. hold ontoD. throw away50. A. advantages B. purposes C. functionsD. consequences51. A. show B. recordC. decreaseD. measure52. A. technology B. environment C. consumersD. brands53. A. However B. OtherwiseC. ThereforeD. Meanwhile54. A. by B. in favour ofC. afterD. instead of55.

23、 A. spending B. collectingC. repairingD. advertising【答案】36. D 37. B 38. B 39. C 40. A 41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. C 46. D 47. B 48. A 49. D 50. D51. C 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. C【解析】试题分析：文章主要讲的是堆积如山的垃圾给环境带来的影响。随着社会的发展，人们倾向于扔掉用旧了的东西，以新物品取而代之。而且，包装盒等一次性产品给人们带来方便的同时，也给环境带来很大的压力。36. D 考查名词辨析。A答案；B原因；C项目；D问题

24、。根据第二行“the world.”可知，出现的问题是垃圾堆积如山，故选D。37. B 考查名词辨析。A礼物；B垃圾；C债务；D产品。句意：因为人们现在扔掉很多垃圾，因此，垃圾堆积成了山，故选B。38. B 考查动词辨析。句意：A面对；B变得；C观察，庆祝；D改变。根据“first of all.”可知，这里讲的是乱扔垃圾的原因，故选B。39. C 考查动词辨析。A躲藏；B控制；C代替；D撤退，收回。句意：与花时间和钱修理相比，现在更容易更换物品，故选C。40. A 考查短语辨析。A多亏；B至于；C除了；D不管。句意：多亏了当代制造业和技术，公司能够更快地生产产品，成本也降低很多，故选A。51

25、. C 考查动词辨析。A显示，展示；B记录；C减少；D测量。句意：越来越多的政府要求人们循环使用物品，这样做是为了减少垃圾，故选C。52. B 名词辨析。A技术；B环境；C消费者；D品牌。要求人们循环利用也是为了保护环境，故选B。53. A 考查副词辨析。A然而；B要不然；C因此；D同时。句意：然而，只是要求人们循环利用是远远不够的，故选A。54. D 考查介词辨析。A通过；B支持；C在.之后；D代替，而不是。句意：我们需要修理我们的财物，而不是扔掉它们，故选D。55. C 考查动词辨析。A花费，度过；B收集；C修理；D宣传。句意：我们也需要重新考虑对修理的态度，根据下句“repairing.

26、”可知答案，故选C。考点：社会类短文阅读2015年普通高等学校 招生全国统一考试（福建卷）One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault-finder. However, life can be 36 when you are not busy finding fault with it.Several years ago I 37 a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry, who described herself as a world-class fault-finder, alm

27、ost always 38 by things. People were always doing things that annoyed her, and 39 was ever good enough. She was highly self-critical and also found fault with her friends. She became a really 40 person.Unfortunately, it took a horrible accident to change her 41 Her best friend was seriously hurt in

28、a car crash. What made it almost 42 to deal with was that the day before the 43 , Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her 44 of boyfriends, the way she was living, the way she related to her mother, and various other things she felt she needed to 45 It wasnt until h

29、er friend was badly hurt that Kerry became 46 her habit of finding fault. Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to 47 everything so harshly ( 刻薄) . She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her 48 as well.Perhaps most of us arent as extreme at fault-finding, 49 whe

30、n were honest, we can be sharply 50 of the world. Im not suggesting you 51 problems, or that you pretend things are 52 than they are, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are 53 most of the time, and especially when its not a really big 54 .Train yourself to bite your tongue , and

31、 with a little 55, youll get really good at letting things go. And when you do, youll get back your enthusiasm and love for life. 36.A.lonely B.great C.quiet D.uneasy37.A.received B.answered C.expected D.rejected38.A.threatened B.interruptedC.bothered D.spoiled39.A.anything B.everythingC.somethingD.

32、nothing40.A.caring B.boring C.interestingD.surprising41.A.attitude B.plan C.measure D.explanation42.A.urgent B.unnecessaryC.certain D.impossible43.A.occasion B.event C.accident D.adventure44.A.memory B.notice C.evidence D.choice45.A.hear B.contribute C.express D.admit46.A.aware of B.afraid of C.curi

33、ous about D.confused about47.A.discuss B.realize C.judge D.settle48.A.family B.life C.career D.education49.A.so B.or C.but D.for50.A.proud B.sure C.hopeful D.critical51.A.face B.create C.solve D.ignore52.A.rarer B.better C.stranger D.worse53.A.at least B.at last C.by far D.so far54.A.task B.deal C.r

34、esult D.duty55.A.practice B.speech C.rest Dpity【答案】36.B 37.A 38.C 39.D 40.B 41.A 42.D 43.C 44.D 45.C 46.A 47.C 48.B 49.C 50.D51.D 52.B 53.A 54.B 55.A 37A考查动词辨析A.received接受；B.answered回答；C.expected期望；D.rejected排斥。几年以前，我收到一个来自17岁女孩kerry的信。故选A38C考查动词辨析A.threatened威胁；B.interrupted打扰；C.bothered麻烦；D.spoile

35、d娇惯。这个叫做Kerry的女孩说自己是一个世界级的找错者，她总是被各种事情困扰着。故选C39D考查不定代词辨析A.anything任何事；B.everything每一件事；C.something某事；D.nothing没有事。人们总是做着那些惹她恼怒的事情，没有一件事是好的，故选D40B考查形容词辨析A.caring关心的；B.boring糟糕的；C.interesting有趣的；D.surprising令人惊奇的。 她具有高度的自我批评精神，她也会对自己的朋友挑毛病。她成为了一个非常糟糕的人。故选B41A考查名词辨析A.attitude态度；B.plan计划；C.measure措施；D.e

36、xplanation解释。不幸的，一场恐怖的事故发生改变了她的态度。故选A42D考查形容词辨析A.urgent 经济的；B.unnecessary不必要的；C.certain确定的；D.impossible不可能的。她最好的朋友在一场车祸中受伤很严重，让事情处理起来变得不可能的事情是，发生事故的前一天Kerry拜访了她的朋友故选D43C考查名词辨析A.occasion场合；B.event事项；C.accident事故；D.adventure冒险。她最好的朋友在一场车祸中受伤很严重，让事情处理起来变得不可能的事情是，发生事故的前一天，Kerry拜访了她的朋友，在这期间全程批评了她选择男朋友的眼光

37、故选C44D考查名词辨析A.memory记忆；B.notice注意；C.evidence证据；D.choice选择。发生事故的前一天，Kerry拜访了她的朋友，在这期间全程批评了她选择男朋友的眼光、她生活的方式、她与母亲联络时候的方式，还有各种其他她认为她需要表达的故选D45C考查动词辨析A.hear听；B.contribute贡献；C.express表达；D.admit承认、许可。发生事故的前一天，Kerry拜访了她的朋友，在这期间全程批评了她选择男朋友的眼光、她生活的方式、她与母亲联络时候的方式，还有各种其他她认为她需要表达的。故选C46A考查短语辨析A.aware of注意； B.afr

38、aid of担心；C.curious about对好奇；D.confused about对迷惑。直到他的朋友受了重伤，Kerry才注意到她挑毛病的习惯。故选A 50D考查形容词辨析A.proud骄傲的；B.sure确定的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.critical批判的。可能我们中的大多数都不会极端的的寻找错误，但是当我们诚实的面对的时候，我们可以尖锐的批判这个世界。故选D51D考查动词辨析A.face面对；B.create创造；C.solve解决；D.ignore忽略。我并不是在建议你无视问题。故选D52B考查形容词比较级辨析A.rarer更稀罕的；B.better更好的；C.stra

39、nger更奇怪的；D.worse更坏的。我也不是在建议你假装事物比它们自身更好。故选B53A考查短语辨析A.at least至少；B.at last最后；C.by far到现在为止；D.so far迄今为止。至少在大多数时间里，你学着容忍事物的原态。故选A54B考查名词辨析A.task任务；B.deal处理、交易；C.result计划；D.duty责任。尤其是当这不是一个特别大的事情。故选B55A考查名词辨析A.practice实践；B.speech演讲；C.rest休息；D.pity遗憾。训练你自己忍着不说那些刻薄的话，小小的实践一下，你会变得很擅长放手。故选A考点：记叙文阅读。2015年普

40、通高等学校 招生全国统一考试（广东卷）How long can human beings live? Most scientists who study old age think that the human body is _1_ to live no longer than 120 years. However, 110 years is probably the longest that anyone could hope to live if he or she is _2_ healthy and lucky. Some scientists even say we can liv

41、e as long as 130 years! Yet, our cells simply cannot continue to reproduce _3_. They wear out, and as a result, we get old and _4_ die.Even though we cant live forever, we are living a _5_ life than ever before. In 1900, the average American life span (寿命) was only 47 years, but today it is 75 years

42、!When does old age begin then? Sixty-five may be out-of-date as the _6_ line between middle age and old age. After all, many older people dont begin to experience physical and mental _7_ until after age 75.People are living longer because more people _8_ childhood. Before modern medicine changed the

43、 laws of nature, many children died of common childhood _9_. Now that the chances of dying _10_ are much lower, the chances of living long are much higher due to better diets and health care.On the whole, our population is getting older. The _11_ in our population will have lasting effects on our so

44、cial development and our way of life. Some people fear such changes will be for the worse, while some see _12_, not disaster, many men and women in their “golden years” are healthy, still active, and young in _13_ if not in age.As the society grows old, we need the _14_ of our older citizens. With l

45、ong lives ahead of them, they need to _15_ active and devoted.1. A. designed B. selected C. improved D. discovered2. A. completely B. generally C. apparently D. extremely3. A. rapidly B. harmlessly C. endlessly D. separately4. A. eventually B. hopelessly C. automatically D. desperately5. A. busier B

46、. longer C. richer D. happier6. A. finishing B. guiding C. waiting D. dividing7. A. stress B. damage C. decline D. failure8. A. survive B. enjoy C. remember D. value9. A. problems B. fears C. worries D. diseases10. A. poor B. young C. sick D. quiet11. A. changes B. recovery C. safety D. increases12.

47、 A. dreams B. chances C. strengths D. choices13. A. mind B. appearance C. voice D. movement14. A. protection B. suggestions C. contributions D. permission15. A. sound B. appear C. turn D. stay【答案】1.A 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.D7.C 8.A 9.D 10.B 11.A 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.D6.D考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：作为中年和老年的分界线，65岁可能已经过时了

48、。finishing 完成；guiding 指导，指引；waiting 等待；dividing划分。根据文意可知，把65岁当做中年和老年的分界线，这已经不适合现在的形势了。dividing line分界线，故选D。7.C考查名词及语境的理解。句意：毕竟，很多老年人直到75岁之后才开始经历身体和精神的衰落。stress 压力，压迫；damage 损坏；decline 衰落，衰弱；failure失败。根据句意可知，现在很多老年人是在75岁之后身体和精神才开始衰弱的，故选C。8.A考查动词及语境的理解。句意：现在人们活得更长因为更多的人从童年中幸存下来。survive 幸存；enjoy 喜欢，欣赏；

49、remember 记得；value价值，估价。根据这一段的内容和the chances of living long are much higher due to a better diets and health care可知，现在的人平均寿命比以前更长的一个原因是人们从童年的疾病中幸存了下来，故选A。9.D考查名词及语境的理解。句意：在现代医学改变了自然的法则之前，很多孩子死于常见的儿童疾病。problems 问题；fears 恐惧，害怕；worries 担心；diseases 疾病。根据句意可知，以前的人们因为很多普遍的儿童疾病而死，所以导致平均寿命比较低。故选D。10.B考查形容词及语

50、境的理解。句意：既然年少夭折的可能性更低了，那么活得更长的机会就更高了，因为有了更好的饮食和医学护理。poor 穷的；young 年轻的；sick 病的；quiet 安静的。根据这一段的意思可知，以前人们在小的时候就因为生病死去了，dying young就是年少死去。故选B。11.A考查名词及语境的理解。句意：人口结构的改变会对我们社会的发展和我们的生活方式有持续的影响。changes 改变；recovery 恢复；safety 安全；increases 增长，增加。根据下文中Some people fear such changes will可知，我们现在的人口结构改变了，故选A。12.B考

51、查名词及语境的理解。句意：一些人担心这个改变将会带来一些坏处，然而还有一些人看到的是机会，而不是灾难。dreams 梦想；chances 机会；strengths 力量；choices 选择。根据句意可知，这句话中的while 表示对比，即跟前一种人不一样的看法，故选B。13.A考查名词及语境的理解。句意：现在，很多处在“黄金年龄”的男士和女士，身体都非常健康，仍然积极，心态也很年轻。mind 心态；appearance 外表；voice 声音；movement移动。根据句意可知，这里应该是说虽然年龄老了，但是心态依然年轻，故选A。14.C考查名词及语境的理解。句意：随着我们的社会老龄化，我们

52、需要这些老年公民们的贡献。protection 保护；suggestions 建议；contributions 贡献；permission允许。根据文意可知，现在的社会逐渐老龄化，因此老年人也要继续给我们的社会做贡献，故选C。15.D考查动词及语境的理解。句意：前面还有很长的寿命，他们需要保持积极的心态和奉献的精神。sound 听起来；appear 好像；出现；turn 转，变成；stay保持。根据文意可知，现在人们的寿命更长了，因此老年人也要继续保持积极心态，为我们的社会做贡献。故应选D。【考点定位】社会现象类短文。2015年普通高等学校 招生全国统一考试（湖南卷）It was a rain

53、y morning and the children, mainly boys with various learning difficulties, refused to settle for the start of the lesson. As an inexperienced teacher, I tried every means to get them to be 36 , but in vain. my panic was rising and I could feel my heart beating wildly. This was the 37 of my job as a

54、 music teacher, I thought - teaching was not for me. Then I had an idea. Hoping that no one would notice that I was 38 inside, I threw my voice as far as it would reach: Put your heads on the desks and close your 39 ! We are going on a journey. 40 , the children fell silent. Now what should I do? I

55、thought to myself. Reaching over to my collection of CDs, I blindly 41 , put it in the machine and played it.Obediently (顺从地), my class lay their heads on their desk, closed their eyes and 42 . When the music started, the room as filled with the most beautiful tones and musical colors I could have ever imagined. All the children were 43 . When the music finished, I asked them all to raise their 44 slowly so tha