电子日历时钟（附源程序代码）

1、单片机课程设计实验报告 实验题目 电子日历时钟 学 院 电子与信息学院 专 业 电子信息科学类 姓名学号 分组编号 提交日期 一.实验目的课程标志性内容的设计理解和综合运用，鼓励独立性设计和功能扩展的创新实践。二.实验设计功能： 1. 基本性要求显示北京时间；能够校准时间；使用汇编语言；时、分、秒之间以及年、月、日间以小数点分隔；2. 发挥性要求显示公历日期能够校准日期闹钟功能三.总体设计方案说明1. 硬件部分 采用6位led数码管显示日期、时间、闹钟 显示器驱动采用“动态扫描驱动”，连接方式为共阳极，单片机的p1口作为显示器的位选线，p0口作为段选线 键盘的按键采用“一键多用”的设计方案，减

2、少了按键的数目，简化实验电路。其中按键key0连接单片机的外部中断1接口，按键key1连接单片机的外部中断0接口 利用显示器显示“off”、“on”表示闹钟的设置状态 在单片机p1.0口增加了蜂鸣器驱动电路，作为闹钟提示装置 实验电路做成pcb板 2.软件部分“时钟”基准时间由单片机内部的定时中断提供，定时时间应是“秒”的整除数，且长短适宜。最长不能超过16位定时器的最长定时时间；最短不能少于中断服务程序的执行时间。本实验设计中采用定时器t0，工作方式1，基准时间设置为0.05秒，计数器为20，实现秒的定时，则定时器t0的初始值计算如下：th0=（65536-50000）/256=3chtl0

3、=（65536-50000）%256=0b0h 根据基准时间用计数器对定时中断次数进行计数即可实现“秒”的定时， 本实验设计中基准时间为0.5秒，因此计数值设定为20即可，同理可以实现“分”“时”定时，以及“日”“月”“年”定时 led 数码管显示器采用“动态扫描驱动”，由于驱动信号的维持时间必须大于“起辉时间”（电流大起辉时间短），而驱动信号的间歇时间必须小于“余辉时间”（电流大余辉时间长），因此在单片机的p1口，即显示器的段选线加上三极管，增加驱动电压，实现“动态扫描驱动”动态扫描显示方式在更新显示内容时，考虑到因led数码管余辉的存在可能会造成显示字符的模糊，所以新内容写入显示器之前将所

4、有的led数码管熄灭关于自动识别“月大月小”和“平年润年”问题的考虑a) 月大和月小 2月另外计算；4月6月9月11 月为月小30天，其余为月大31天。b) 平年和润年（年号能被4整除的就是润年）平年的2月为28天；润年的2月为29天。 采用软件延时的方法消除按键抖动四.系统电路原理图、布线图、实物图 加上附加功能后的系统电路原理图如下所示 布线后的电路截图如下:上图是修改完善之后的图片,前面布线时没有考虑芯片下面的布线,结果很不好焊接,所以后来改了一下布线的图实物图：五.程序流程图 1.主程序 初始化闹钟到？提示音主程序 2.定时器0中断子程序 定时0中断子程序若到12月，则年加1，月置0中

5、断返回恢复现场日加1月加1日置0月加1日置029日？31日？30日？28日？闰年？1,3,5,7,8,10,12月2月？1个月？秒加1，或向前进位，实现分时定时1秒到？保护现场重载初值 中断返回恢复现场若到12月，则年加1，月置0 3.外部中断0子程序调整模式有闪烁？切换显示模式时间调整调整时间?调整日期?调整闹钟?日期调整时间、日期、闹钟、闹钟设置、显示循环切换闹钟调整ynnynnnyyykey1按下?外部中断0程序保护现场延时消抖恢复现场中断返回4.外部中断1子程序 保护现场带显示延时key0按下？设置闹钟?打开/关闭闹钟闪烁循环切换闪烁切换模式恢复现场ynn外部中断1子程序中断返回六.系

6、统使用和操作说明 系统初始状态：接上电源，日期默认为12年9月3日，时间为0时0分0秒闹钟0点整，默认关闭（1）显示状态切换：不断按k0键就会依次循环显示时间、日期、闹钟时间、闹钟状态设置（2）调节时间日期： 按k0键切换调节的显示状态，再按k1键选择修改的位，不断按k1键会闪烁，每次闪烁2个数码管。闪烁的位可以修改，按k0键可以实现增加，不能递减，例如要调慢时间要按到循环到较慢时间，之后再按k0键至数码管全部停止闪烁为止，即实现玩调整时间日期（3）闹钟使用 ：由于程序原因，闹钟到现在为止只能实现闹钟状态设置，时间设置，但是蜂鸣器还是不能响，接下来还会继续解决七.系统故障诊断与排除 1、硬件部

7、分1. 在焊接电路板的过程中就遇到了比较棘手的事,起先由于自己第一次布线,缺乏经验,所以在芯片下面布了不少线,这就给焊接带来了很大的麻烦,知道最后也没找到什么好的解决方法,有几个是直接焊接,有几个焊点则是用了飞线。2. 在画原理图的时候没有考虑到给蜂鸣器加上拉电阻，以为对蜂鸣器电路有影响，后来却发现，加上了上拉电阻之后还是没能解决闹钟时间的蜂鸣器发声问题。3. 由于焊接时的马虎，在调试电路时吃亏很大，起先是很多点忘了焊接，可检查完所有焊接错误后发现还是不亮，这样的检查了很久之后才找出和晶振相连的两个电容焊接错了，电容直接被短路了，导致所有数码管全部不亮，这个在改正之后就没问题了。 2、软件部分

8、 本程序在老师给的奇数组程序基础上进行修改与添加闹钟功能 程序所默认采取的晶振计数频率是6mhz，但是所提供器件则是12mhz，所以根据晶振的不同，定时器的基准时间变为0.05s。按照该程序运行的话，计数时间为0.5s。这就需要设置计数次数tick_cnt为#14h，即0.05s*20=1s原来程序设置的外部中断延时过短，导致操作过于灵敏，即按键k0、k1按下时，跳变过快。通过修改中断子程序ex0_int和ex1_int中的lcalldis_delay的延时时间，解决了这个问题闹钟时间到了之后，蜂鸣器不能正常发声，只是发出很小的声音，对此多次修改蜂鸣器部分的发音程序，但还是没有很好的解决这个问

9、题，接下来会继续研究修改八.原器件清单品名型号数量led七段数码管共阳bs6三极管s85507电阻3k9电阻2008微型按钮4脚3瓷片电容30p2电解电容10uf1晶体振荡器12mhz1小型蜂鸣器自发声1排针无6icat89s521ic74ls2441ic座40脚1ic座20脚1九.课程设计心得与体会 十.源程序代码 ;变量定义tick_cntequ20h;t0溢出计数器second_bcdequ21hminute_bcdequ22hhour_bcdequ23hday_bcdequ24hmonth_bcdequ25hyear_bcdequ26hflash_flagequ27h;r7: 0时间；

10、1日期；2-闹钟；3-闹钟状态设置asecond_bcd equ 2bhaminute_bcd equ 2ch ahour_bcd equ 2dhtsecond_bcd equ 2ehtsecond1_bcd equ 2fh tminute_bcd equ 30halam_state equ 32h ;闹钟开启标志alam_on1 equ 33h ;闹钟状态显示alam_on2 equ 34halam_on3 equ 35halam_off1 equ 36halam_off2 equ 37halam_off3 equ 38h; 中断向量表org0000hljmpmainorg0003hljmp

11、ex0_int; port int0org000bhljmpt0_int ; port t0org0013hljmpex1_int; port int1;主程序org 0030hmain:nop ; main program;初始化堆栈movsp,#60h;初始化变量movsecond_bcd,#00h; bcd of secondmovminute_bcd,#00h; bcd of minutemovhour_bcd,#00h; bcd of hour mov asecond_bcd,#00h; alam_bcd of secondmovaminute_bcd,#00h; alam_bcd

12、of minutemovahour_bcd,#00h; alam_bcd of hourmovday_bcd,#03h; bcd of daymovmonth_bcd,#09h; bcd of monthmovyear_bcd,#12h; bcd of yearmovflash_flag,#00h;flag for un-flash/flashmovr7,#00h; flagforshift(time/date) mov alam_on1,#00h; 闹钟状态显示mov alam_on2,#43hmov alam_on3,#05hmov alam_off1,#00hmov alam_off2,

13、#26hmov alam_off3,#01hmov alam_state,#00h; 初始化闹钟状为off;mov tl0,#0b0h; constant for 0.1smov th0,#3ch; 50,000 for 6mhzmov tick_cnt,#14h; times of overflowmov tmod,#01h; mode 1 for t0, timer modesetbet0; open t0setbex0; open int0, key1setbex1; open int1, key0setbea; total opensetbpt0; priority for t0，高优

14、先级setbtr0; start t0, runscan_alam: ; 闹钟扫描 mov a,alam_statejz scan_alam; 闹钟开关已打开？mov a,ahour_bcdcjne a,hour_bcd,waitmov a,aminute_bcdcjne a,minute_bcd,wait mov a,asecond_bcdcjne a,second_bcd,wait alarm:clr p1.0;闹铃：滴滴滴滴djnz 2ah,alarm wait: setb p1.0sjmpscan_alam; wait for interrupt; -; sub: t0 interru

15、pt; 定时器0中断t0_int: push acc movtl0,#0b0h; constant for 0.1smovth0,#3ch; timer 0重装载 time_count:djnztick_cnt,not_1s; is up to 1 second ?sjmpis_1snot_1s:ljmpt0_ret; 1秒时间到is_1s:mova,second_bcd; take bcd of secondcjnea,#59h,in3; is up to 59 seconds ?sjmpin4in3:ljmpsecond_inc; 秒加1in4:movsecond_bcd,#00h; 秒进

16、位mova,minute_bcd; take bcd of minutecjnea,#59h,in5; is up to 59 minutes ?sjmpin6in5:ljmpminute_incin6:movminute_bcd,#00h; 分进位 mova,hour_bcd ; take bcd of hour cjnea,#23h,hour_inc; is up to 23 hours ?movhour_bcd,#00h; “时”进位mova,month_bcd; take bcd of monthcjnea,#02h,not_feb; is february ?;2月处理;-feb:n

17、opacallbcd_div4; bcd of year in 26h divided by 4mova,r3; remainder in r3cjnea,#00h,not_leap_y; 00 means leap year;闰年，29天leap_y:mova,day_bcd; take bcd of day in feb.cjnea,#29h,day_inc; is up to 29 days (leap year)?movday_bcd,#01h; keep the first daymovmonth_bcd,#03h; increase monthsjmpreset_cnt;非闰年no

18、t_leap_y: mova,day_bcd; take bcd of day in feb.cjnea,#28h,day_inc; is up to 28 days (common year)?movday_bcd,#01h; keep the first daymovmonth_bcd,#03h; increase monthsjmpreset_cnt;-;非2月处理;30/31天？not_feb: nop; other month except feb.cjne a,#04h,y01; is april ?ajmp mon_30dy01:cjne a,#06h,y02; is june

19、?ajmp mon_30dy02:cjne a,#09h,y03; is september ?ajmp mon_30dy03:cjne a,#11h,t11; is november ?ajmp mon_30d;31天t11:mova,day_bcd; take bcd of daycjnea,#31h,day_inc; is up to 31 days ?ajmpnext_month;30天mon_30d:mova,day_bcd; take bcd of daycjnea,#30h,day_inc; is up to 30 days ?;天进位next_month:movday_bcd,

20、#01h; keep the first daymova,month_bcd; take bcd of monthcjnea,#12h,month_inc; is december ?; 月进位movmonth_bcd,#01h; keep the first monthmova,year_bcd; take bcd of yearcjnea,#99h,year_inc; is up to 99 years ?movyear_bcd,#00h; keep the first yearsjmpreset_cnt;年加1year_inc:mova,year_bcd; take bcd of yea

21、radda,#01h; increase yeardaa; adjust bcdmov year_bcd,a; keep yearsjmp reset_cntmonth_inc:mova,month_bcd; take bcd of monthadda,#01h; increase monthdaa; bcd码调整movmonth_bcd,a; keep monthsjmpreset_cntday_inc:mova,day_bcd; take bcd of dayadda,#01h; increase daydaa; bcd码调整movday_bcd,a; keep daysjmpreset_

22、cnthour_inc:mova,hour_bcd; take bcd of houradda,#01h; increase hourdaa; bcd码调整movhour_bcd,a; keep hoursjmpreset_cntminute_inc:mova,minute_bcd; take bcd of minuteadda,#01h; increase minutedaa; bcd码调整movminute_bcd,a; keep minutesjmpreset_cntsecond_inc:mova,second_bcd; take bcd of secondadda,#01h; incr

23、ease seconddaa; bcd码调整movsecond_bcd,a; save back secondreset_cnt:movtick_cnt,#14h; retrieve times of overflowt0_ret:pop acc reti;-; -; sub: led display;显示子程序display:mov a,r7cjne a,#03h,display2 mov dptr,#tab2sjmp display3display2:movdptr,#tab1 ; set address of code tabledisplay3:mova,r7 ; take flag

24、for shiftcjnea,#00h,disp_date ; 00 当前显示内容为时间;r0: point to display bufferdisp_time: movr0,#second_bcd; beginning from secondsjmptsadisp_date: cjne a,#01h,disp_alam ; 01 当前显示内容为日期 movr0,#day_bcd sjmp tsadisp_alam: cjnea,#02h,disp_alam_set ; 02 当前显示内容为闹钟movr0,#asecond_bcd ; beginning from secondsjmp ts

25、adisp_alam_set: cjnea,#03h,disp_time ; 03 当前显示内容为闹钟设置mov a,alam_state; 闹钟状态显示jz showoff movr0,#alam_on1; 显示onsjmp tsashowoff: mov r0,#alam_off1;显示offsjmp tsatsa:mova,r0; begin from dayanla,#0fh; get the low half bytemovca,a+dptr; take character from code tableadd a,#80h ; 熄灭小数点 movr1,a; keep in r1 f

26、or ds6 showingmova,r0swapaanla,#0fh; get the high half bytemovca,a+dptr; take character from code table add a,#80hmovr2,a; keep in r2 for ds5 showing;-incr0mova,r0; next one from monthanla,#0fh; get the low half bytemovca,a+dptrmovr3,a; keep in r3 for ds4 showingmova,r0swapaanla,#0fh; get the high h

27、alf bytemovca,a+dptr add a,#80hmovr4,a; keep in r4 for ds3 showing;-incr0mova,r0; next one from yearanla,#0fh; get the low half bytemovca,a+dptrmovr5,a; keep in r5 for ds2 showingmova,r0swapaanla,#0fh; get the high half bytemovc a,a+dptr add a,#80hmov r6,a; keep in r6 for ds1 showing;-;p1：位选线;p0：段选线

28、noptdp:movp1,#0ffh; close all showing/;display ds6movp0,r1; send character to ds6mova,flash_flag; get flag of un-flash/flashcjnea,#03h,a02; 03 is flash on ds5&ds6sjmpa03a02:cjnea,#06h,a04; 06 is flash on ds5&ds6;=3 or 6, flash on ds5&ds6a03:mov a,tick_cnt; take counter of overflowrrc ajnc a05; check

29、 bit c ( 1 or 0 )a04:mov p1,#0fbh; turn on ds6a05:lcall delaymov p1,#0ffh; close all showing;display ds5movp0,r2; send character to ds5mova,flash_flag; get flag of un-flash/flashcjnea,#03h,b02; 03 is flash on ds5&ds6sjmpb03b02:cjnea,#06h,b04; 06 is flash on ds5&ds6;=3 or 6, flash on ds5&ds6b03:mova,

30、tick_cnt; take times of overflowrrcajncb05; check bit c ( 1 or 0 )b04:movp1,#0f7h; turn on ds5b05:lcalldelaymovp1,#0ffh; close all showing;display ds4movp0,r3; send character to ds4mova,flash_flag; get flag of un-flash/flashcjnea,#02h,c02; 02 is flash on ds3&ds4sjmpc03c02:cjnea,#05h,c04; 05 is flash

31、 on ds3&ds4c03:mova,tick_cnt; take times of overflowrrcajncc05; check bit c ( 1 or 0 )c04:movp1,#0efh; turn on ds4c05:lcalldelaymov p1,#0ffh; close all showing;display ds3mov p0,r4; send character to ds3mov a,flash_flag; get flag of un-flash/flashcjne a,#02h,d02; 02 is flash on ds3&ds4sjmp d03d02:cj

32、ne a,#05h,d04; 05 is flash on ds3&ds4d03:mov a,tick_cnt; take times of overflowrrc ajnc d05; check bit c ( 1 or 0 )d04:mov p1,#0dfh; turn on ds3d05:lcall delaymov p1,#0ffh; close all showing;display ds2mov p0,r6; send character to ds2mov a,flash_flag; get flag of un-flash/flashcjne a,#01h,e02; 01 is

33、 flash on ds1&ds2sjmp e03e02:cjne a,#04h,e04; 04 is flash on ds1&ds2e03:mov a,tick_cnt; take times of overflowrrc ajnc e05; check bit c ( 1 or 0 )e04:mov p1,#0bfh; turn on ds2e05:lcall delaymov p1,#0ffh; close all showingmov p0,r5; send character to ds1mov a,flash_flag; get flag of un-flash/flashcjn

34、e a,#01h,f02; 01 is flash on ds1&ds2sjmp f03f02:cjne a,#04h,f04; 04 is flash on ds1&ds2f03:mov a,tick_cnt; take times of overflowrrc ajnc f05; check bit c ( 1 or 0 )f04:mov p1,#07fh; turn on ds1f05:lcall delayret; -d_cnt_2equ3ahd_cnt_1equ3bh; -; sub: delay (1.542ms for 12mhz, 3.084ms for 6mhz)delay:

35、 movd_cnt_2,#03hd_loop2:movd_cnt_1,#0ffhd_loop1:djnzd_cnt_1,d_loop1 djnzd_cnt_2,d_loop2 ret ; -; -;外部中断0; sub: int0 interrupt; 处理按键k0,切换时间/日期/闹钟/闹钟设置ex0_int:nop; switch or adjust with date/timepushpsw push acclcalldis_delay; re-bounce (with led display)jnbp3.3,out; check port int1;k0按下nop; inhibit i

36、nt1 ( use k0)mova,flash_flag; take flag of un-flash/flashcjnea,#00h,adjust; 00 is in un-flash mov a,r7 inc a mov r7,ashift: ;显示模式切换 cjne a,#04h,out mov r7,#00h ;已到4需置零 pp: lcall displayout: ljmp ex0_ret ; returnadjust: ;进入调整模式 mova,r7 ; 读取当前显示内容为？（时间/日期/秒表/闹钟） cjne a,#00h, jdate ;是否进入时间调整 jtime: ;调整

37、时间 mova,flash_flag ; take flag of un-flash/flashadh: cjnea,#01h,adm ; 01 for adjusting hourmova,hour_bcd ; take bcd of hourcjnea,#23h,jh0 ; is up to 23 hours ?movhour_bcd,#00h ; keep the first hourljmpjhfjh0: adda,#01h ; increase hourdaa ; adjust bcdmovhour_bcd,a ; keep hourjhf: ljmpex0_retadm: cjne

38、 a,#02h,ads ; 02 for adjusting minutemov a,minute_bcd ; take bcd of minutecjne a,#59h,jm0 ; is up to 59 minutes ?mov minute_bcd,#00h; keep the first minuteljmp jmfjm0: add a,#01h ; increase minuteda a; adjust bcdmov minute_bcd,a; keep minutejmf: ljmp ex0_retads: mov a,second_bcd; take bcd of secondc

39、jne a,#59h,js0 ; is up to 59 seconds ?mov second_bcd,#00h; keep the first secondljmp jsfjs0: add a,#01h ; increase second da a; adjust bcd mov second_bcd,a; keep secondjsf: nop ljmp ex0_retjalam0: ljmp jalamjdate: cjne a,#01h,jalam0 ;是否进入日期调整01jyy: nop ; 01 to 03 is in flash mov a,flash_flagcjnea,#0

40、1h,jmm ; 01 for adjusting year ;调节年mova,year_bcd ; take bcd of yearcjnea,#99h,yy0 ; is up to 99 year ?movyear_bcd,#00h ; keep the first yearljmpyyfyy0:adda,#01h ; increase yeardaa; adjust bcdmovyear_bcd,a; keep yearyyf:ljmpex0_retjmm:cjne a,#02h,jdd; 02 for adjusting month ;调节月mova,month_bcd; take b

41、cd of monthcjnea,#12h,mm0; is december ?movmonth_bcd,#01h; keep the first monthljmpmmfmm0:adda,#01h; increase month daa; adjust bcdmovmonth_bcd,a; keep monthmmf:ljmpex0_retjdd:cjne a,#03h,aa1 ; 03 for adjusting dayljmp bb1aa1:ljmp adh;bb1:mov a,month_bcd; first, should take monthcjne a,#02h,nfb ; is

42、 february ?ifb:nopacall bcd_div4; bcd of year in year_bcd divided by 4mov a,r3 ; remainder in r3cjne a,#00h,ang ; 00 means leap yeararn:mova,day_bcd ; take bcd of daycjne a,#29h,d0a ; is up to 29 days in feb.? ljmp d0bd0a:ljmp ddad0b:ljmp dd1ang:mov a,day_bcd; take bcd of daycjne a,#28h,d0a ; is up to 28 day