VPP-vessel prevention pollution(船舶防污染管理规定)讲解

1、船舶防污染管理规定Vessel Prevention Pollution编号File No.：FG-VPP-001版号Version：R2.0富泰航运国际有限公司FORTUNE SHIPPING INTL CO., LTD船舶操作性文件Vessel Operation Document页数Total Pages：21生效日期Valid From：2011-06-01修改记录Amendment Record修改号生效日期修改页码修改标识审核批准No.DatePageMeasureAuditApproveVPP-0012012.12.2221王亮程斌拟制Draw Up：徐常伟日期Date：2012

2、.12.20审核Audit： 王亮日期Date：2012.12.21审核Audit： 程斌日期Date：2012.12.22富泰航运国际有限公司FORTUNE SHIPPING INTL CO., LTDFG-VPP-01船舶操作性文件VESSEL OPERATION DOCUMENT船舶防污染管理规定Vessel Prevention Pollution1 目的Objectives为了船舶安全营运，防止船舶对海洋和环境造成污染，确保公司及船舶对一切可能造成的污染采取有效的防范措施。This regulation is compiled to ensure the safe operation

3、 and prevent the pollution to the oceans and environment and to make the effective pollution-prevention measures enforced by company and vessels.2 职责Responsibilities2.1 公司职责Responsibilities of The Company 公司的相关职能部门要遵守国际、国内防污染的有关法规，参加公司的应急反应，为防止船舶造成污染提供必要的岸基支持。The relevant department of the company s

4、hould abide by the international and domestic pollution prevention rules and regulation, participate in the emergency maneuver, and provide necessary onshore support to the prevention of pollution by vessels. 机务部对于船上防污染设备运转的可靠性提供技术保证。Technical department should provide technical guarantee to the rel

5、iability of the pollution prevention machine. ISM部负责防污染设备的检查，监督防污染措施的实施。ISM department takes charge of the examination of pollution prevention machine and oversees the implementation of pollution-prevention policy. 机务部负责防污染设备及器材的供应。Technical department takes charge of the procurement and supply of p

6、reventing pollution equipment and machinery.2.2 船舶职责Responsibility of The Vessels严格遵守国际、国内防污染的有关法规，对防污染设备进行有效的维护保养，使其时刻处于规定的适用状态，对于船上可能出现的污染制定防范措施，认真可靠地进行一切可能造成污染的操作。对已发生的污染事故按船上油污应急计划采取迅速有效的措施。The responsibility of the vessels are to comply with the international and domestic preventing pollution r

7、ules and regulations; to maintain and fix the preventing pollution machinery to keep them in the stipulated working condition; to draw up and implement the preventing pollution regulations to counter the potential pollution occurrence; to take efficient measures to response to pollution accident hap

8、pened in according to 3 船舶防污染设备和防污染文书Preventing Pollution Equipment/Documents3.1 船舶防污染设备Preventing Pollution Equipment of Vessels根据国际、国内防污染的规则、规定，各类船舶要分别装设符合规则、规定要求的防污染设备:According to the international and domestic preventing pollution rules and regulations, each kind of vessels should install the r

9、espective preventing pollution equipment, which meet the requirements of the rules and regulations. 对于150总吨以上的油轮和400总吨及以上的非油轮要求；Requirements for tankers of more than 150 gross tonnages and other non tankers with more than 400 gross tonnages 机舱污水和压载水分别使用不同的管系；Different and separate pipe systems for e

10、ngine room sewage and ballast water 设置污油储存舱； Set dirty oil reserve tanks 装设标准排放接头； Install standard discharge connectors 装设油水分离设备或过滤系统，排放经处理的油污水的含量不超过15ppm；Install oil and water separation system/filtering system. Process oil and sewage should contain no more than 15ppm 对于一万总吨及以上的船舶，还应装设排油监控装置；Insta

11、ll oil discharge monitoring system for vessels with 10000 gross tonnage or over 对于不足150总吨的油轮和不足400总吨的非油轮，应设有专用容器，以回收残油、废油，并应能将残油、废油排入港口接收设备；For tanker of less than 150 tonnage and non tankers with less than 400 tonnage, set designate receptacles to collect remaining oil, waste oil and the receptacle

12、s should be able pass collected oil to equipment in ports 船舶装设的其它防污染设备应符合国际国内防污染结构及设备规范的有关规定。Other installed pollution prevention equipment should meet the requirement of domestic and international pollution prevention structure and equipment specifications.3.2 船舶防污染文书Vessel Preventing Pollution Doc

13、uments根据国际公约的规定，船舶必须配有经过检验有效的下列证书及记录：According to international pollution prevention conventions, vessels must have the following valid certificates and record. 国际防止油污证书(IOPP证书)；International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificates 船上油污染应急计划；Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan 船舶垃圾管理计划；Vessel Garba

14、ge Management Plan 油类记录簿；Oil Record Book 垃圾记录簿。Garbage Record Book3.3 船舶防污染文书的管理Management of Vessel Shipboard Preventing Pollution Documents 船舶国际防止油污证书由船长负责保管，证书的有效期是五年，进行期间和定期检验，证书的检验由船长提出，公司机务部负责办理；Master keep international oil pollution prevention certificated. The validity of a certificate is f

15、ive years. Master applies for the certificates surveys, and the Technical Department will arrange inspection by classification. 船上油污染应急计划和船舶垃圾管理计划是指导船舶进行防污染操作的必备文件，由船长负责保管，公司ISM部检查监督实施情况；and are necessary documents to guide vessels in pollution prevention operation. 船舶油类记录簿和垃圾记录簿分别由轮机长和大副负责保管，油类记录簿和

16、垃圾记录簿应使用船旗国官方文字按规定格式和方法记录，对持有国际防止油污证书的船舶，还需有英文或法文的记载；遇有争议时，以官方文字为准；油类记录簿和垃圾记录簿每进行一项操作，都要按要求认真、如实填写，由操作负责人签署姓名和日期送交部门长审阅，每记完一页由船长签字，油类记录簿和垃圾记录簿应存放在船上随时可取来检查的地方，并且在进行最后一页记录完后，油类记录簿应在船上保管三年后送交公司机务部，垃圾记录簿应在船上保管二年后送交公司ISM部；Chief engineer and chief officer keep and , which should be filled in using flag s

17、tate official languages and methods. Record in English or French should be made for vessels with . Official languages prevail in interpretation in controversy. Record every operation in and with signatures of persons in charge and dates, and submit them to department heads for approval. Masters sign

18、atures are required for each page. and should be kept on board with immediate access for check. When whole logbooks are completed, should be kept on board for three years and then submitted to the company technical department, and , kept two years on board before submitted to the company technical d

19、epartment. 船舶所有的防污染文书都应在船舶抵港时，接受港口主管机关的检查。All pollution prevention documents should undergo the checks of port authorities after arrival.4 船舶污染物的排放Discharge of Vessel Pollutants各船舶要严格遵守MARPOL国际公约附则至附则的规定，认真进行每一项操作，防止对海洋和环境造成污染。All vessels should comply with MARPOL international convention from annex

20、 1 to annex IV. Carry out each operation to prevent pollution to sea and environment.4.1 含油污水的排放Discharge of Oiled Sewage根据MARPOL国际公约附则和国内防污染管理的规定，对400总吨及以上的非油船和油船机舱舱底水排放规定如下:According to MARPOL international convention annex I and domestic pollution prevention convention rules, the regulations on b

21、allast water discharge by non tankers with more than 400 tonnages in gross and tankers. 不在特殊区内排放；No discharge in special area此中的“特殊区域”系指国际MARPOL公约中规定的“地中海”区域、“波罗地海”区域、“黑海”区域、“红海”区域及“海湾”区域。并且还包括各国的海洋资源保护区；The special area are those stated in MARPOL conventions: Mediterranean sea area, Baltic Sea area

22、, Black Sea area, Rea Sea area and gulf sea area, as well as sea resource preservation area. 距最近陆地12海里以上；More than 12 nautical miles from nearest lands 航行途中排放，排放水含油量不超过15ppm；Oil content in discharge water should be no more than 15ppm in navigation 船上经主管机关批准的舱底水排油监控系统、油水分离设备、过滤设备或其它装置等，正在运转中；In the o

23、peration of authorized ballast water oil discharge monitoring system, oil and water separation equipment, filter equipment or other equipment 在退潮时；During ebb tide 若船舶因维修或清洗等工作而使用少量的有毒液体物质时，对于这些有毒液体物质的处理应按照国际MARPOL公约附则的要求排放入海，或船舶抵岸时移送岸上处理。Small amount of toxic fluid, which is used in maintenance or c

24、leaning, could be discharged into sea according to International MARPOL convention annex II, or be moved on shore for disposal.4.2 船舶含油污水的控制Control of Oiled Sewage 船舶机舱的污油、污水主要来源于(但不限于此):Engine room waste oil and sewage come from (but not limited to) 各类分油机的排渣及冲洗水、水封水；Oil separator waster and flushin

25、g water and water-seal water 油泵、水泵及各种管子的接头等处的漏泄；Leakage in oil pump, water pump and various pipes connectors 锅炉热水井及各种膨胀水柜的溢水；Boilers hot water well and expansion tanks spillageed water. 空气系统、蒸气系统及油水柜等的放残；Discharged waste from air system, steam system and oil/water tanks 管路的维修、清洁的用水、用油等；Pipe maintena

26、nce and cleaning water and oil 采用铁梨木为尾轴密封型式的漏泄等。Iron-colter type tail shaft leakage. 因此各船舶负责人应严格加强管理，减少各种泵辅、管路及整个动力装置在运转中的漏泄；经常巡视检查，减少各种膨胀水柜、锅炉回水井等的溢油、溢水；并注意在检修当中减少油水的漏泄，加强用于清洁的油、水的管理，尽量减少机舱污水。 Each vessel persons in charge should enforce management to reduce leakage in pumps, pipe system and the wh

27、ole power equipment. Patrol regularly to reduce oil and water spillage in expansion water tanks and boiler incoming water well. Try to reduce leakage of oil and water in repair. Enforce management of oil and water for cleaning, and try to reduce sewage in engine room4.3 含油污水的排出Discharge of Oiled Sew

28、age 机舱舱底水在排放之前，应征得值班驾驶员的同意，在规定的海域进行排放作业，并请驾驶台的人员协助监视污水排放时，海面是否有油迹出现；Before releasing ballast water, seek consent from duty officers to discharge in the designated seawater, and ask officers on the bridge to help monitor discharge of sewage and presence of oil at sea. 按说明书的要求正确操纵油水分离器；检查油水分离器是否充满水，充满

29、水后打开加热装置，加热到正常需要的温度，(一般为60)；To operate oil and water separator according to manuals. Check if separators are full of water. Turn on heat equipment after water is full and heat it to required temperature (normally 60) 开启和检查监控装置和自动停止排放装置，确认其正常运转时开始排放污水，负责排放的轮机员准备好油类机录簿，记下开始排放的时间；Turn on and check moni

30、toring equipment and automatic stop discharge equipment. Start releasing sewage water after ensuring normal operation. Engineer in charge of discharge should prepare oil type logbooks and record starting time of discharge. 污水排放结束后，应通知驾驶台；并按要求在油类记录簿上正确记录；Notice to bridge after discharge operation and

31、 record in . 负责排放的轮机员在正确记录油类记录簿后，应在油类记录栏内签名，抵港前送轮机长、船长审阅、签字；Engineer in charge of discharge should sign in the column of oil type record after correct record. Send the logbook to chief engineer and masters for perusal and signature before arrival. 污水排放完后应做好下列工作: Do the following work after sewage di

32、scharge is over 清洗监控装置的取样管路及系统，以防冷凝后的污水、污油污染该系统，造成下次使用失真；Clean the sampling pipes and system of monitoring equipment to prevent condensed sewage and waste oil from contaminating the system and distorting next use. 清洗油水分离器和各滤器，以备下次使用；Clean oil and water separators and various filter for next use 油水分离

33、器停用时要充满水，关闭污水进口阀，防止氧化，腐蚀内壁；Oil and water separators should be filled fully with water after stop. Turn off sewage entrance valve to prevent oxidization and corrosion of internal surface. 油水分离器的内部应定期清洗，一般在36个月清洗一次，对带有过滤器的15ppm油水分离器，最好在12个月内清洗一次，并掏出油水分离器下部的积渣；Internal parts of oil and water separators

34、 should be cleaned periodically. One cleaning every 3 to 6 months. For 15pmm separators with filters should be cleaned once every 1-2 months and remove waster at the bottom of separators. 清洗油水分离器端盖时，不要用刮刀、刮铲等，防止刮伤涂料；No use of knife and scrape in cleaning oil and water separators to prevent damage to

35、 paint. 油水分离器的加热温度不要超过70，防止端盖的涂料融化. Heating temperature of separators should be no more than 70 to prevent melting of paint. 如果在排放过程中，驾驶台的协助人员发现舷外有油迹出现，应立即通知机舱，停止排放，立即进行检查、维修，解决问题后再排放；如果漏油或跑油，应按船上油污染应急计划进行反应。In the process of discharge, check, repair and solve problems before discharge. If there is

36、leakage and running of oil, act according to Vessel oil pollution prevention emergency reaction plan.4.4 船舶垃圾的排放Discharge of Vessel Garbage船舶垃圾是船舶在运输货物过程中而产生的包扎和垫舱物料，船舶因维修保养而产生的废液，如油漆、铁锈、废纸、玻璃及纤维等，船舶生活食品废料及食品包装等。其处理标准为: Vessel garbage is packaging and laying materials in the transportation of cargo,

37、 garbage fluid, like paint, rust, garbage paper, glass and fibers from vessel repair and maintenance. The processing standard is: 一次塑料制品不得排放入海；Disposal product couldnt be pumped into sea. 垫舱物料、衬料和包装材料要尽量远离陆地处理入海，且不得在距最近陆地25海里处形成可见漂浮物；Stores, laying material and packaging material should be disposed

38、of far from the land. No floating visible objects less than 25 nautical miles from the land. 船舶生活垃圾和食品废物经处理后粒径小于25mm的，可在距最近陆地3海里以外海域倾倒；未经粉碎处理时，必须在12海里以外投弃；Vessel living garbage and food garbage, which is less than 25 mm in diameter after process could be dumped into sea no less than 3 nautical miles

39、 from the land. Uncrushed stuff should be dumped 12 more than 12 miles away from the land. 特殊区域内禁倒垃圾时，但允许将其倾倒在沿岸12海里以外海域；Though special area doesnt allow garbage dumping, it could be dumped more than 12 nautical miles from the land. 如果垃圾与具有不同处理与排放要求的其它排放物混合在一起时，则应适用其中较严格的规定；Dumping of mixture garbag

40、e should follow the stricter requirement, which is one of various compositions. 船舶应备有专用生活垃圾桶，该桶应有盖而不会渗漏；Vessels should have special living garbage bins, which should have cover and no leakage. 疫区来垃圾应消毒后再处理；Garbage from infected area should be sterilized before process. 船舶每进行一项垃圾的处理操作，大副都应按照规定的格式和记录要

41、求，正确填写垃圾记录簿。Chief officer should fill the garbage logbook according to the stated format and recordation for every disposal of garbage of vessel.5 船舶油类操作Vessel Oil Operation5.1 船舶加装燃油操作须知Code For Bunker Loading船舶燃油、润滑油的加装作业是船舶非常重要的操作，管理不善或操作不当或操作失误会立刻导致污染事故，因此船舶的燃油、润滑油的加装操作作如下规定:Loading of bunker an

42、d lubricant is an very important operation. Improper management, wrong and improper operation could lead to pollution accidents. The following regulations are made for the loading and operation of bunker and lubricant. 根据船舶使用及存油之牌号、数量，考虑下一航次运输任务，由轮机长提出加油数量和规格，与船长商定后提出加油申请，电传公司机务部，经机务部批复后联系具体加油事宜；Tak

43、e the pattern and quantity of oil in use and remaining into account when planning next transportation task. Chief engineer give suggestion on oil quantity and specification and discuss with masters before application for oil is filed to the company technical department by telex. The implementation i

44、s carried out after the approval from the technical department. 加油前，二管轮应确切掌握各油舱存油的品种和数量，尽量并舱，使新旧油分舱存放；加油油舱和数量确定后，要与大副商定，确保船舶的平衡；安排甲板巡视人员，甲板与机舱的联络人员等，保证操作当中分工到人；Before loading bunkers, third engineer should know the kinds and quantity of oil in tanks and try to merge tanks to keep new and old oil sep

45、arately kept. Third officers should discuss with chief officer to keep vessels stable after oil tankers to be loaded and quantity are decided. Assign jobs to deck patrolling people, deck and engine room contact people. 二管轮应检查加装管系，正确开关阀门，关好有关海底阀，甲板巡视人员负责打开油舱的透气孔，封堵好甲板所有的出水孔，对可能发生渗漏的地方如集油容器等处应加强管理，备妥有

46、关的消油剂、防污器材和灭火器材；Third engineer should check and install pipe system, operate valves correctly. Deck patrolling crew are in charge of opening ventilation holes in bunker tanks, plugging all water outgoing holes in the deck, and enforcing the management of place prone to leakage, such as oil collectio

47、n receptacles, and making related oil remover, pollution prevention equipment and firefight equipment. 正式开泵前，二管轮应检查供油方的供油质量和供油数量，记下流量计读数，用验水膏检查供油的含水情况；供油双方定好联系信号，以船方为主，双方均应切实遵守和供油方事先确定好的供油速度；Before starting pumps, third engineer should check bunker quality and quantity from suppliers, take down flow

48、 meter readings, use to check water contents; Common contact signal should be established on vessels signals. Both parties should follow bunker-loading speed agreed upon. 装油中，在油气可能扩散到的区域，禁止吸烟和明火作业；泵开动后，应立即倾听油流声，查看透气管的出气情况，确认油已进入预定的舱位，并要经常测量加油舱的油位，防止加装过量(每个油舱加油不应超过油舱容积的85；装油人员要监守岗位，严格执行操作规程，掌握加装油进度，防

49、止跑、冒、漏油；During bunker loading, no smoking or flame work in the area in the reach of oil vapor. After pumps are started, oil flowing sound should be heard immediately. Check air ventilation holes and ensure that bunker has entered the designated tanks, and measure oil height of bunker tanks regularly

50、 to prevent overloading (each bunker tank should not be loaded more than 85% of capacity. Bunker loading crew should stick to their positions, and follow strictly the operation procedure, control loading speed to prevent spilling, spillageing and leakage. 停止加装时，应关闭有关的阀门；拆卸输油软管时，应事先用盲板将管口封好或采取其它有效措施，

51、防止管内存油倒流入海；重新测量各舱柜的存油数量，并核对供油方加油实际数量，索取油样当场封好，以备以后发现问题时有据可查，如果加油数量短缺应按照公司操作行文件船舶燃油供应与管理规定和船舶润滑油供应与管理规定执行；When bunker loading is finished, close all related valves. During removing oil soft pipes, use blind board to seal the pipes or take other effective measures to prevent oil in the pipes from goin

52、g into sea. Re-measure quantity of bunkers in each tanks and double check actual quantity loaded. Get oil samples and seal for later reference. In case of shortage of loaded oil, operate according to the company operation documents vessel bunker supply and management regulations and vessel lubricant

53、 supply and management regulations. 如在加油过程中出现跑油、冒油或漏油时，应立即采取措施，防止油入海造成污染，若已经造成污染时要按照船舶油污应急计划行动。During bunker loading, take immediate measures against spilling, spillage and leakage to prevent oil from polluting sea. Take actions according to vessel oil pollution emergency plan in case of pollution.

54、以上具体操作见相关记录船舶加装燃油操作对照检查表，且不限于表中之规定。Detailed operation should be referred to related records of vessel bunker loading operation checklist and others.5.2 船舶燃油、润滑油的驳运、储存作业须知Code of vessel bunker and lubricant transfer and storage 船舶燃油、润滑油的驳运作业须知Code for bunker and lubricant transfer 不论船舶在正常航行中还是在停泊中，为了

55、保持船舶的平衡，要经常的对各油舱中的油进行驳运，为了防止污染应严格按照操作过程；Whether vessels are in navigation or at ports, to keep vessels stability, transfer oil between tankers. Follow operation procedure to prevent pollution. 在需要驳运燃油、润滑油之前，主管轮机员应与大副协商，保持船体平衡，并通知驾驶台值班人员，协助观察海面，防止造成污染；Before transferring bunker and lubricant, enginee

56、r in charge should discuss with chief officer to kept vessels stable and inform duty officers on the bridge. Help to monitor sea to prevent pollution. 主管轮机员应检查好各油舱的进出阀门是否在正确位置，启动驳运泵，稍开进油阀直到全开使泵正常驳油，倾听油管的油流声，确认油已被驳运到规定的舱位，同时在油类记录簿上记下开始驳运的时间、舱位；Engineer in charge should check positions of entrance and exit valves of all oil bunkers, start transfer pumps. Slowly turn