V-ing作状语2

1、V-ing 作状语作状语He stood there.He read a newspaper. (合并句子合并句子)He stood there and read a newspaper.He stood there, reading a newspaper.He graduated from the college.He went to a factory.(合并句子合并句子)After he graduated from the college, he went to a factory.Having graduated from the college, he went to a fac

2、tory.v-ing作状语作状语表示主语在进行某一动作表示主语在进行某一动作的同时所进行的另一动作的同时所进行的另一动作,它对谓语起它对谓语起修饰或陪衬的作用修饰或陪衬的作用,可充当时间、原因、可充当时间、原因、伴随、条件、让步、方式或者结果状伴随、条件、让步、方式或者结果状语语.这时要注意这时要注意v-ing结构与其逻辑主语结构与其逻辑主语 在主动意义以及时间联系上的一致在主动意义以及时间联系上的一致.1. v-ing 作时间状语作时间状语相当于时间状语从句相当于时间状语从句,常置于句首常置于句首,有时为了突出时有时为了突出时间间,其前可加其前可加when, while 等连词等连词.(1)

3、 While crossing the street, you must be careful.=While you cross the street,.(2) When hearing the good news, the students were wild with joy.=When they heard the good news,.2. v-ing 作原因状语作原因状语常置于句首常置于句首,一般可转化成由一般可转化成由as, because引导引导的原因状语从句。的原因状语从句。(1) Being ill, he didnt go to school.Because he was

4、ill, .(2) Being so excited, many of us could not go to sleep that night.Because we were so excited,.3. v-ing 作条件状语作条件状语一般放在句首，一般放在句首， 其前可加其前可加if, unless 等连词，等连词，相当于条件状语从句。相当于条件状语从句。(1) Working hard, youll succeed.If you work hard, youll succeed.(2) Standing on the building, you can see the whole cit

5、y.If you stand on the building, you can see the whole city.4. v-ing 作伴随状语作伴随状语位于句尾，表示伴随的次要动作或补充说明，位于句尾，表示伴随的次要动作或补充说明，相当于一个并列谓语。相当于一个并列谓语。 Every evening they sat on the sofa, reading newspaper., and read newspaper. The children came into the classroom, laughing and talking., and they laughed and tal

6、ked.5. v-ing 作让步状语作让步状语一般放在句首一般放在句首,常与常与although/ though,even if/ though 等连词引入。等连词引入。Having repeated his words many times, the teacher could not make the students understand what he meant.Although the teacher had repeated his words many times, he couldnt make the students understand what he meant.6.

7、 v-ing 作结果状语作结果状语置于句末，前常要加置于句末，前常要加so, thereby, thus, Hence等表示结果的副词。等表示结果的副词。(1) Jane fell off the bike, cutting her leg.(2) He worked day and night, thus making himself near-sighted. 7. v-ing 作方式状语作方式状语补充说明动作进行的方式。补充说明动作进行的方式。She came running back to tell us the news.1、时间性问题、时间性问题若分词动作与谓语动作同时发生或发生在

8、谓语动作之若分词动作与谓语动作同时发生或发生在谓语动作之后，分词用后，分词用一般式一般式；若分词动作发生在谓语动作之；若分词动作发生在谓语动作之前则分词用前则分词用完成式完成式。时间性时间性肯定肯定否定否定一般式一般式完成式完成式doing（not）doinghaving done (not) having done 听到这消息，他们立即出发了。听到这消息，他们立即出发了。Hearing the news, they immediately set off.写完信后，我听了一会儿音乐。写完信后，我听了一会儿音乐。Having written a letter, I listened to mu

9、sic for a while.不知道做什么好，他只好睡觉。不知道做什么好，他只好睡觉。Not knowing what to do, he has to sleep.2. 语态问题语态问题若构成分词的动词与句子的主语是主谓关系，若构成分词的动词与句子的主语是主谓关系，则分词用则分词用主动形式主动形式；若为动宾关系，则分；若为动宾关系，则分词用词用被动形式被动形式。语态语态肯定肯定否定否定一般式一般式完成式完成式being donenot being donehaving been donenot having been done语态语态时态时态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态一般式一般式完成

10、式完成式(not) doing(not) being done(not)having done(not)having been done在老师的帮助下，他的英语学得很好。在老师的帮助下，他的英语学得很好。Being helped by the teacher, he learns English well.在被带领参观实验室后，我们去了图书馆。在被带领参观实验室后，我们去了图书馆。Having been shown the lab, we went to the library.3. v-ing形式作状语时，它的逻辑主语必须与形式作状语时，它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语是一致的。主句的主语是一致

11、的。Rushing into the dining-room, supper was waiting for me.Rushing into the dining-room, I found supper was waiting for me.While visiting a strange city, a guide-book is very helpful.While visiting a strange city, you may find a guide-book very helpful.4. 独立主格结构：独立主格结构：现在分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语要与句子现在分词作状语时，分词

12、的逻辑主语要与句子的主语保持一致，否则就要在分词前加上其自的主语保持一致，否则就要在分词前加上其自身的逻辑主语构成分词的独立结构。身的逻辑主语构成分词的独立结构。Spring coming on, the trees turned green.Her mother being ill, she had to look after her at home.Time permitting, well visit the Great Wall.He guiding the blind man, they walked slowly across the street.Judging from his

13、 appearance, he must be a very healthy boy. 从这孩子的外貌判断，他一定很健康。从这孩子的外貌判断，他一定很健康。Generally speaking, boys are more active than girls in sports. 总的来说，男孩比女孩更加积极参加体育活总的来说，男孩比女孩更加积极参加体育活动。动。1. The student sat there, _ what to do.A. doesnt knowing B. didnt knowing C. not know D. not knowing2. He sat there _

14、 , with his head on his hand. A. and think B. thinking C. thought D. being thought3. In winter steam can be seen _from wet clothes _near a fire. A. rising, hanging B. rising, to hang C. rise, hanging D. to rise, to hangDBA4. Yesterday Professor Li received a letter from one of his friends, _ him to

15、write an article, and he accepted. A. having invited B. invited C. to be invited D. inviting 5. Finding her car stolen, _. A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for helpDD6. _, the boy couldnt enter his hous

16、e.A. Since the key has lost B. The key been lostC. Lost the key D. Having lost the key7. The secretary worked late into the night, _ a long speech for the president.A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing8. European football is played in 80 countries, _it the most popular sport in th

17、e world.A. making B. makes C. made D. to makeDBA9. _ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received 10. “Cant you read?” Mary said_ to the notice. A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily point D. and angrily pointingCA1. 由于年龄太小，小明不能当兵。由于年龄太小，小明不能当兵。2. 过街时要小心。过街时要小心。3.由于没有收到回信，他决定再给她发一份由于没有收到回信，他决定再给她发一份电子邮件。电子邮件。 4. 我们发现他躺在床上，听着我们发现他躺在床上，听着MP3。5. 如果时间允许，我会去看望我的老师。如果时间允许，我