2019年高考真题英语

1、绝密启用前2019年咼考试题【北京市试题卷】英语(考试时间:100分钟试卷满分:120分)考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45分)第一节 语法填空 洪10小题 海小题1.5分,共15分)第一节语法填空(共10小题:每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AOn the first day of my first gradestood by the door with butterflies in my st

2、omach .I 1(voice)my biggest concern to my mother. “ How will I make friends? ” She handed me advice. “ Be yourself. ” For the past 20 years .I have lived by these words.So on I will graduate and become part of the real world.Nervously _2 (face) challe nges .I know I will whisper to 3(I) the twosimpl

3、e words “ Be yourse”.BEarth Day, 4 (mark)on 22 April,is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.First celebrated 51970,the Day now includes events inmore than 190 countries and regions( 地区).No matter what you like to do,there is a way to get in volved in vario

4、us 6 (activity) on Earth Day.You can pla nt a tree,make a meal with locally grow n vegetables,or save power the possibilities are en dless.CDoes the name of the college you attend really matter ？ Research on the question _7 (suggest)that,for most students,it doesn't.What students do at college s

5、eems to matter much more than 8 they go.The students benefitting most from college are those 9 aretotally engaged（参与）in academic life.taking full advantage of the college 'hsances and resources（资源）,Stude nts should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to att

6、end,and it ' s neVeo early to make necessary preparations for a healthyand 10 （mea nin g）college experie nee.第二节 完形填空（共20小题海小题1.5分,共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并 在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Regardless of the weather or the dista nee, Paul Wils on will make sure low-i ncome students in his neighbou

7、rhood arrive at their college classes on time.A retired engin eer, 76-year-old Wils on has bee n11 free rides to college stude ntsfor the past eight years.Since he first started 12 his car to the young people.Wilson has 13_ am astonishing 64, 000 miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humor

8、ous 14with the stude nts he tran sports to and from school.The stude nts who he's15 have goneon to become physicia ns, teachers and engin eers, but what they've also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wils on. Some stude nts16 call him “ Gran dp'Tina

9、Stern 17 rides from Wils on for all her four years in college, and the trips meant much more to her tha n just free 18 ."It's not just a ride;you're not just sitt ing there in _19 silenee or with your headphones on. " Stern said. He asks you questions and actually _20 the an swers,

10、 so the n ext time you ride with him, he'll 21those thin gs."Wils on first worked as a driver through a stude nt-support programme of the non-profitorga ni sati on.On Point for College.Although the 22 asks the members only to drive stude nts to and from their classes, Wils on ofte n goes 23

11、 to en sure the welfare and safety of the stude nts.lf they have problems with registratio n.Wils on is there to 24 them.lf they run out of certa in daily n ecessities.Wils on will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed.If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from schoo

12、l, Wils on n ever 25 to buy them a meal.For many stude nts, Wils on's help is not only appreciated, it's also en tirely26 forthem to be able to complete their college education.Some students don't have a reliable car, while others have to 27 vehicles with pare nts who work six days a wee

13、k.For them, ridi ng with Wils on has 28 them to complete their educati on but accord ing to Wils on, heben efits just as much from the 29. “ I just love drivi ngand I love these kids, "Wils on said."lt'ssuch a(n) 30 to be a part of these kids, everiist for a few hours, gett ing to know

14、them and hearing their stories."II.A.li nki ngB.se ndingC.offeri ngD.distribut ing12.A. do nati ngB.le ndingC.deliveri ngD.volu nteeri ng13.A. pavedB.coveredC.measuredD.wa ndered14.A.argume ntsB.i nterviewsC.n egotiati onsD.wa ndered15.A.metB.drive nC.addressedD.con versati ons16.A.eve nB.everC

15、.oneeD.already17. A.earnedB.receivedC.assessedD.dema nded18.A.tra nsportatio nB.styleC.timeD.com muni cati on19.A.forcedB.awkwardC.ridiculousD.suspicious20.A.selectsB.recitesC.guessesD.remembers21.A.act onB.settle onC.check onD.agree on22.A.clubB.l eagueC.collegeD.programme23.A.farB.aro undC.beyondD

16、.forwards24.A.assistB.watchC.urgeD.warm25.A.expectsB.attemptsC.ma nagesD.hesitates26.A. extraB.unu sualC.necessaryD.adequate27.A.shareB.fuelC.repairD.exchange28.A.requiredB.allowedC.remi ndedD.convinced29.A.experie neeB.arra ngeme ntC.appreciati onD.employme nt30.A.effortB.ambiti onC.privilegeD.conv

17、enience第二部分：阅读理解（共两节,40分）第一节（共15小题海小题2分,共30分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中：，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Want to explore new cultures,meet new people and do someth ing worthwhile at the same time? You can do all the three with Global Developme nt Associati on( GDA).Whatever stage of life you're at,wherever yo

18、u go and whatever project you do in GDA,you'll create positive cha nges in a poor and remote com muni ty（ 社区）.We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds.Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24.Now we n eed volun teer man agers aged 25-75.They are extremely importa nt in the safe and effec

19、tive running of our programmes.We have such roles as project managers,mountain leaders,a nd com muni catio n officers.Depe nding on which role you choose,you could help to in crease a com muni ty's access to safe drinking water,or help to protect valuable local cultures.You might also design an

20、adventure challe nge to train young volun teers.Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally,you'll also learn new skills and in crease your cultural aware ness.You may have cha nces to meet new people who'll become your lifelo ng frien ds.This summer we have both 4-week

21、 and 7-week programmes:CountrySchedule4-week programmes7-week programmesAlgeria5 Jul.- 1Aug.20Ju n.-7Aug.Egypt24 Jul-20 Aug.19Ju n.-6 Aug.Ken ya20 Jul.-16Aug.18 Jun.-5 Aug.South Africa2Aug.-29 Aug.15 Jun .-2Aug.GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where

22、our help is n eeded.All our projects aim to promote the developme nt of poor and remote com mun ities.There is no other cha nee like a GDA programme.J oin us as a volun teer man ager to develop your own skills while bringing ben efits to the com mun ities.Find out more about joi ning a GDA programme

23、:Website: Email:huma 31. What is the main resp on sibility of volun teer man agers?A. To seek local part nersB .To take in young volun teersC.To carry out programmesD.To foster cultural aware ness32. The programme beginning in August will operate in A. EgyptB.Alge

24、riaC.Ke nyaD.SouthAfria33. The shared goal of GDA'projects toA. explore new culturesB.protect the environmentC.gai n corporate ben efitD.help com mun ities in n eedBAlice Moore is a tee nager en trepre neur（仓 U业者）,who in May 2015 set up her bus in ess AilieCandy.By the time she was 13,her compan

25、y was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids' teeth,i nstead of destro ying them.It all bega n whe n Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outi ng, she was offered a candy bar.However, her dad remin ded her that sugary treats were bad for her

26、 teeth.But Moore was sick of miss ing out on can dies.So she desired to get round the warning, "Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my pare nts can't say no to it?" With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy compa ny.He

27、 recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.With her dad's permissi on, she spe nt the n ext two years research ing on li ne and con duct ing trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly.She also approached dentists to l

28、earn more about teeth cleaning.Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using n atural sweete ners, which can reduce oral bacteria.Moore the n used her savi ngs to get her bus in ess of the groun d.Afterwards, she and her father secured their first bus in ess meeti ng with a superm

29、arket owner, who fin ally agreed to sell Moore's product-Ca ncan dy.As CanCan dy's success grows, so does Moore's credibility as a young en trepre neur.Moore is en thusiastic about the candy she created, and she's also positive about what the future might brin g.She hopes that every

30、kid can have a clea n mouth and a broad smile.Mean while, with her pare nts' help, Moore is gen erally able to live a no rmal tee nage life.Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasn't driven primarily byprofit.Moore wants to use her unique tale nt to help others find their

31、smiles.She don ates 10% of AilicCa ndy's profits to Big Smiles.With her tale nt and determi natio n, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.34. How did Moore react to her dad's warning?A. She argued with him.C.She paid no atte nti on.35. What is special about CanCan dy?A.

32、 It is ben eficial to den tal health.C.I t is sweeter tha n other can dies.36. What does Moore expect from her bus in ess?A.To earn more mon ey.C.To make herself sta nd out.37. What can we lear n from Alice Moore's story?B. She tried to find a way out.D.She chose to con sult den tists.B. It is f

33、ree of sweete ners.D.It is produced to a den tists' recipe.B. To help others find smiles.D.To beat other candy compa ni es.A. Fame is a great thirst of the young.B. A youth is to be regarded with respect.C. Positive thinking and acti on result in success.D. Success means getti ng pers onal desir

34、es satisfiedCThe problem of robocalls has gotte n so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from nu mbers they don't kno w.By n ext year,half of the calls we receive will be scams（ 欺诈）.We are fin ally wak ing up to the severity of the problem by support ing and develop ing a group of t

35、ools,apps and approachesinten dedto preve nt scammers from gett ingthrough.Unfortunately,it'stoo little,too late.By the time these “ solutions"解决方案）becomewidely available,scammers will have moved on to cleverer means.ln the n ear future,it's n ot just going to be the nu mber you see on

36、your scree n that will be in doubt.So on you will also questi on whether the voice you're heari ng is actually real.That's because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation （处理 ）and automatio n tech no logies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use .At this year&#

37、39;s I/O Conference ,a compa ny showed a new voice tech no logy able to produce such a convincing human -ounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservatio n without detecti on.These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse.The reaso

38、n that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision A decade of data breaches（数据侵入）of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother 's name ,and far more.Armed with this knowledge.they're able to carry out individually targeted

39、campaigns to cheat people.This mean s.for example,that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar nu mber and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller 's,ricking you into "confirming " your address,mother's n ame,a nd card nu mber.Scammers

40、follow mon ey,so compa nies will be the worst hit.A lot of bus in ess is still done over the phon e,a nd much of it is based on trust and exist ing relati on ships.Voice man ipulati on tech no logies may weake n that gradually.We n eed to deal with the in secure n ature of our telecom n etworks.Ph o

41、ne carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and com municating what is real.That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing whe n and who they were made by.or aba ndoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based com muni

42、cati ons us ing apps like Face Time or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your iden tity.Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to harder from here on out.38. How does the author feel about the soluti ons to problem of robecalls?A. Pa ni cked.B.C on fused.C.Embarrass

43、ed.D.Disappo in ted.39. tak ing adva ntage of the new tech no logies,scammer can.A. aim at victims preciselyB.damage databases easilyC. start campaig ns rapidlyD.spread in formatio n widely40. What does the passage imply?A. H on esty is the best policy.B. Tech no logies can be double-edited.C. There

44、 are more soluti ons tha n problems.D. Credibility holds the key to developme nt.41. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Where the Problem of Robocalls Is RootedB. Who Is to Blame for the Problem of RoboeallsC. Why Robocalls Are About to Get More Dan gerousD. How Roboca

45、lls Are Affecti ng the World of Techn ologyDBy the end of the cen tury,if not soon er,the world's ocea ns will be bluer and gree ner tha nks to a warm ing climate,accord ing to a new study.At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms（海洋微生物）called phytoplankton.Because of the way

46、 light reflects off the organisms,these phytoplankton create colourful patter ns at the ocea n surface.Ocea n colour varies from gree n to blue,depe nding on the type and concen trati on of phytopla nkton .Climate cha nge will fuel the growth of phytopla nkton in some areas,while reduci ng it in oth

47、er spots,leadi ng to cha nges in the ocea n's appeara nee.Phytopla nkton live at the ocea n surface,where they pull carb on dioxide（二氧化碳）into theocea n while givi ng off oxyge n. Whe n these orga ni sms die,they bury carb on in the deep ocea n,an importa nt process that helps to regulate the glo

48、bal climate.But phytopla nkton are vuln erable to the ocean's warming trend.Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytopla nkton growth,s ince they n eed not only sun light and carb on dioxide to grow,but also nu trie nts.Stephanie Dutkiewicz,a scientist in MIT's Ce

49、nter for Global Change Science,built a climate model that projects cha nges to the ocea ns throughout the cen tury .In a world that warms up by 3 °C ,it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur.The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton cou

50、ld become even bluer.But in some waters,such as those of the Arctic,a warmi ng will make con diti ons riper for phytopla nkton,and these areas will turn greener. “ Notonly are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing.” she sajd" but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”42. What a

51、re the first two paragraphs mainly about?A. The various patter ns at the ocea n surface.B. The cause of the cha nges in ocea n colour.C. The way light reflects off marine orga ni sms.D. The efforts to fuel the growth of phytopla nkton.43. What does the underlined word “ vulnerable ” in Paragraph 3 p

52、robably mean?A.Se nsitive.B.Be neficialC.Sig ni fica ntD.Unno ticeable44. What can we lear n from the passage?A. Phytopla nkton play a decli ning role in the marine ecosystem.B. Dutkiewicz's model aims to project phytopla nkton cha ngesC. Phytopla nkton have bee n used to con trol global climate

53、D. Ocea ns with more phytopla nkton may appear gree ner.45. What is the main purpose of the passage ?A. To assess the con seque nces of ocea n colour cha ngesB. To an alyse the compositi on of the ocea n food cha inC. To expla in the effects of climate cha nge on ocea nsD. To in troduce a new method

54、 to study phytopla nkton第二节（共5小题海小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为 多余选项。Much of the work in today' s wodtalniipas:hed（完成）in teams.Most people believe thebest way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals.46Compa nies spe nd millio ns hiri ng top b

55、us in ess people .Is their money well spe nt ？47 They focused on football,basketball and baseball.The results are mixed For football and basketball,add ing tale nted players to a team proves a good method,but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent;above that level, the team'

56、;单erformanee begi ns to decli ne.ln terest in gly, this trend isn ' evide nt in baseball.where additi onal in dividual tale nt keeps improvi ng the te am' s perforna nee.To explain this phenomenon,the researchers explored the degree to which a good performa nee by a team requires its members

57、 to coord in ate（ 协调）their actions. 48Inbaseball,the performa nee of in dividual players is less depe ndent on teammates.They con clude that whe n task in terdepe ndence is high,team performa nee will suffer whe n there is too much tale nt,while in dividual tale nt will have positive effects on team

58、 performa nee whe n task interdependence is lower.lf a basketball star is.for example,trying to gain a high personal point total,he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate,affectingthe team's performa nce.Young childre n lear ning to play team sports are ofte n told,“ There is no Iin TEAM.”49Ano ther possibility is that whe n there is a lot of tale nt on a team,some players may makeless effort.Just as in