质量控制与质量管理：Bv_07 QM product

1、Dateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt1/45Lecture Quality ManagementQM in the early stages - Focus: Product1QM - Program planning2Planning the product characteristics: Kano curves3QFD - Quality Function Deployment4TRIZ - Developing innovative products and processes5Value planning (Value Engineering)Dateiname: Bv_

2、07_00e.ppt2/45Quality information systemCustomer requirementQuality planningQuality inspection and controlQuality assuranceQuality improvementQuality of product & serviceQFD, FMEAKANOSPC, MSA,SAMPLINGQUALITY SYSTEMDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt3/45Quality from the customer point of view Performance La

3、sts a long time (reliability) Service Easily repaired (maintainability) Warranty Easy to use Appearance Brand name Packaging/display Latest modelDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt4/45顾客需求质量目标最终产品制造过程：过程变差需求成本竞争对手市场反馈决定开发或改进某产品Dateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt5/45Example：Which model will you purchase?Dateiname: Bv_07_0

4、0e.ppt6/4539800.026300.0TRI-ELMAR-M 16-18-21 f/4 ASPH 29800 M 35mm f1.4 SUMMILUX-ASPH Pixel: 10.3M CCDcompatible with Leica M lensesMg made bodyLeica M8Dateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt7/45EF 16-35/2.8L USM 11300.011000.0EF 35mm f/1.4L USM Price：17800Canon（佳能）DSLRCMOSPixel:13.3MMg made bodyFull frameCanon 5D

5、Dateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt8/45MemoryCF Pixel10.1M CMOS LCD size3.0”7990.0Canon 40DDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt9/45MemorySD Pixel10.20 MBatteryLi-ion LCD size2.5” 6680.0Nikon D80Dateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt10/45MemorySD Pixel10.2M BatteryLi-ion LCD size2.5”5800.0Pentas K10DDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt11/45MemoryCF

6、 Pixel12.2M BatteryLi-ion LCD size3.0”9500.0Sony A700Dateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt12/45PG-Price Grade, QG-Quality Grade, and PWE-Price Worthiness Evaluation4PG M8,LEICA 19. 1158003980058007990313398005800)40( 7990Pgrade price :PGproducts comparablefor pricemarket max:products comparablefor pricemarket mi

7、n: :13minmaxminmaxminpmaxminminmaxminFORPPPPPGPPDCanonYimumPimumPpricePurchasePPPPPPGpppDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt13/45QG-Quality gradeFeature No.ScoreReached score1231.LookOut of dateModern Trend-setting32.WorkmanshipPoor, dirtyInspiring confidencefunctional33.HandlingAwkwardSimpleFoolproof24.Mainten

8、anceDifficultNormalMaintenance-free25.RepairRepair only at manufacturers plantRepair by specialistNo repair during guarantee period26.EquipmentManufacturer can supply equipmentPartly provided, partly purchasedCustomer construction kit17.Operational safetySecure during oper., numerous instruct.Safe i

9、n normal operationAbsolutely safe28.GuaranteeHalf a yearOne yearFive year1Quantity: 8Sum:16Dateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt14/45 Quality Grade (QG)=Sum/Quantity=16/8=2 Price worthiness Evaluation (PWE) =Quality Grade (QG)/Price Grade (PG)Dateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt15/45Where the quality comes from?Most of the

10、product quality characteristics have to be planned in advance rather than made!Dateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt16/45 605040302010Legend:Fault caustion of 75%Fault dispatch of 80%acc. to Pfeifer Planning Production UtilisationFault proportion in %/ Fault-,101,-10,-100,-acc. to Pfeifer Planning Production Uti

11、lisationCost chargeCost causationacc. to VDI 2234 in % Planning Production UtilisationNecessity of Quality planning IDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt17/45Quality planningPlanning ofQuality requirementsto the contemplatedunitQualityCostsTimeCertificationPlanning ofproduct characteristics Customer requierment

12、s Technical specification Reliability testing Security requiermentsPlanning of realisation Product instruments Personal ManagementQuality management (QM)program planningDefinition of quality managementactions for the product: QM-Methods in the product cycle QM-OrganisationTreatyChecklistFunctionalSp

13、ecifi-kationQFDAccepted riskSecurity assessmentSecurity assessmentRequiermentFailure hypotheseRealibility analyseRealiabbility data checkspecifikationQuality planningDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt18/45Customer requirements must be categorised and can be measured!BAAf19942010SubjectivObjectivEquipmento Nav

14、igation system Pluso Wooden steering wheelo Leathero Tyre pressure control systemxxConformityReliabilityImageFitness for useLifetimeAestheticDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt19/45The fulfilment of requirements produce different levels of customer satisfactionKano curves.pptQuality and performance requirement

15、slow fuel consumptionTIMEdynamic navigation systemThe requirement for characteristics which exciteairbagsFulfilment ofrequirementsBasic requirementsDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt20/45Sources of informationPrimarySecondaryPrimary investigation Interviews Shop talks Questionnaire -by telephone -in written P

16、anel survey etc.Sources outside the company Official statistics Analysis of competitor products Economic information services Documentation centre Supplier verification Professional journals Internet etc.Definitionof thesurveytargetCancel survey,target notachievable atpresentSources of informationSo

17、urces within the company Requests and supplies Order- andturnover-statistics Complaints Guarantee andcustomers services Intranet etc.YJYNNNSurveytargetSurveytargetSurveytarget achieved?YPresentation of the targets achieved? achieved?Dateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt21/45Types of customer needs should be reco

18、gnized ! Direct needs Latent needs Constant needs Variable needs General needs Niche needsDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt22/45House of Quality - Structure16. . .CR: Customer requirementsQC: Quality characteristicsCustomer requirementsImportanceBenchmarking(Customerview)CorrelationbetweenCR and QCDirectiono

19、f improvmentCorrelationQualitycharacteristicsCustomerrequirements124Techn. evaluation5Benchmarking(Technicalview)6Important qualitycharacteristicsCustomerevaluation6Techn. difficulty6Steps for developing aHouse of Quality3Dateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt23/45House of Quality - ProceedingCorrelationsof the d

20、ifferentquality characteristics3Assessing the correlationbetween production requiermentsand quality charakteristics4Determination ofcustomer requierments1What?Selection of importantquality characteristics2How?Ranking thequality characteristics5How much?Derivate new target valuesand other figures6Why

21、?Dateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt24/45Four Phases after ASI - American Supplier Instituteeasy-to-close doors10Nproduct planning. . . pressing pressure 30process planning. . . extruder speed n250production planning. . . closing force Fs7sealingNmmcomponent planning. . . 1minclosing force FsPressing pressure

22、pdextruder speed ncontrollerDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt25/45Product PlanningDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt26/45Part PlanningDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt27/45Process PlanningDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt28/45Production PlanningDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt29/45 QFD.pptDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt30/45QFD 与其它质量工具的结合使用与其它质量工具的结合

23、使用Dateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt31/45Dateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt32/45Homework task 1 Define Project; Form team; Investigate customer requirements; Finish the product planning phase of the QFDDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt33/45TRIZ-an innovative way to solve technical conflictsCustomer RequirementsTechnical Paramet

24、erPossible ConflictsDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt34/45Pooling of ideas by solving innovation problems without explicit application of methodsapplication of TRIZIdeas to be found predominantly in direction of the vector of psychological inertia“, few expandable ideas Ideas to be found in all directions,ma

25、ny expandable ideasPrecise ideas within a tight corridorproblemsolutionvector of psychological inertia“ideal final resultapplication of classicalmethods of problem solving time intensive low quality of results time intensive better quality of results quickly found innovative solutions high quality o

26、f resultsDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt35/45TRIZ - the Theory of Inventive Problem SolvingKey Findings The precise description ofthe problem itself oftenleads to creative solutions. Problems and solutionswere repeated across industries and sciences. The evolution of engineering systems is governed by obje

27、ctive laws. The inventive process canbe structured systematically.Main ElementsThe BeginningCreativity is not a born gift.Every engineercan learn to be inventive.“Genrik AltshullerThere are universal principlesof invention thatare the basis for creativeInnovations.Analysis of over 200 000Patents (up

28、 to 1985) Regularities of the technical evolution 39 technical parameters 40 innovation principles 4 separation principles Six ways to idealise Material field analysis 76 standard solutions Physical and technical effectsDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt36/4540 principles of problem solving by Altshuller (1/2

29、)1. Segmentation 2. Taking Out3. Local Quality4.Asymmetry 5.Merging6. Universality7. Nested Doll - Matrjoschka8. Anti weight9. Preliminarily anti action10. Preliminarily action11. Beforehand cushioning12. Equipotentiality13. The other way around 14. Spheroidality 15. Dynamics16. Partial or excessive

30、 action17. Another dimension18. Mechanical vibrations19. Periodic action20. Continousness of useful actionQuelle: Quality EngineersDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt37/4540 principles of problem solving by Altshuller (2/2)21.Skipping22.Blessing in disguise23.Feed back24.Intermediary25.Self service26.Copying27

31、.Cheap short living28.Mechanics substitution29.Pneumatics and hydraulics 30.Flexible shells an thin films31. Porous materials32.Colour changes33.Homogeneity34.Discarding and recovering35.Change the state of physical property36.Phase transitions37.Thermal expansion38.Strong oxidants39.Inert atmospher

32、e40.Composite MaterialsQuelle: Quality EngineersDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt38/45 The 39 Features of Altshullers Contradiction Matrix 1Weigh of moving object 21 Power *(jargon) 2Weight of stationary object. 22Loss of energy 3Length of moving object 23 Loss of substance 4Length of stationary object 24 Lo

33、ss of information 5Area of moving object 25 Loss of time 6Area of stationary object 26 Quantity of substance/ the matter 7Volume of moving object 27 Reliability 8Volume of stationary object. 28 Measurement accuracy 9Speed 29 Manufacturing precision 10Force 30External harm affects the object 11Stress

34、 or pressure 31Object-generated harmful factors 12Shape 32Ease of manufacture 13Stability of the objects 33Ease of operation composition 34 Ease of repair 14Strength 35Adaptability or versatility 15Duration of action by a moving 36Device complexity object 37 Difficulty of detecting and measuring 16D

35、uration of action by a stationary. 38 Extent of automation object 39 Productivity 17Temperature 18Illumination intensity * (jargon) 19Use of energy by moving object 20Use of energy by stationary objectQuelle: triz-journalDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt39/45Generating Breakthrough Solutions with TRIZTRIZCon

36、creteProblemInventive Problem:Improving one characteristicof a system without impairing other parts or characteristics.StandardProblemAbstractionSubstitute the problem by another, which can be solved with known means.StandardSolutionTRIZ ToolUse TRIZ tools for problem solvingInnovativeSolutionApplic

37、ationApply the standard solution to your problemSolution:Dateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt40/45The 3 Pillars of Modern TRIZTRIZSystemsInnovativeSituationQuestionnaireProblemFormulationIdealityTrimmingSystems:Support the precise analysis of the problemIdentification and handling of sub-problemsKnowledgeSubsta

38、nce-Field- AnalysisDatabase ofScientific EffectsContradiction Analysis Knowledge:Extensive know-how from mechanics, physics, thermodynamics and chemistryAnalogy40 PrinciplesSeparationPrinciplesPatterns of Evolution76 StandardSolutionsAnalogies:Summarize insights from analysis of hundreds of thousand

39、s of patentsDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt41/45TRIZ - example pizza box - problemcustomer requirementspizza hotpizza crunchypizza boxclosedopenaims (conflict)pizza box with holes- lukewarm- “wishy-washy”traditional way (Trade-Off)Pizza BoxSource: Quality EngineersDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt42/45TRIZ - exampl

40、e pizza box - contradiction Technical Parameters for the Conflict increase of temperature (17) no deterioration of solidness (14)Pizza BoxQuelle: Quality EngineersDateiname: Bv_07_00e.ppt43/45TRIZ - example pizza box Contradiction Matrix Principles of problem solving10 Preliminary action22 Blessing

41、in disguise30 Flexible shells and thin films40 - Composite MaterialsContradiction MatrixNichterwnschteVernderung(Konflikt)ZuverbessenderParameter20Weigh of moving objectWeigh of stationary objectLength of moving objectLength of stationary objectArea of moving objectArea of stationary objectVolume of

42、 moving objectVolume of stationary objectSpeedForceStress or pressureShapeStability of the objects composition14812235679101113-10,1435,40-15,829,3429,1738,34-29,240,282,815,388,1018,3710, 3637,401,3519,39-10,129,355,3514,213,1029,14-35,3013,2-8,1019,3513,2910,1826,391,408,1529,34-1,810,29-15,174-7,

43、174,3513,4817,1041,8351,815,34-35,82,1413,1415,735,2840,29-17,710,40-28,101,143539,37352,1729,4-5,3429,4-14,1518,4-7,1417,429,304,3419,3035,210,1536,2811,213,39-26,79,39-30,214,18-1,1835,3610,1536,372,382,2629,40-1,1529,4-1,74,351,74,17-29,438,3415,3536,376,3536,3728,101,39-35,82,147,23535,1019,1419

44、,14-2,183724,3534,2835,402,2813,38-35,1518,34-13,14829,3034-7,293413,2815,196,1838,4028,331,188,137,1828,102,3618,3710,3540,3418,131,2817,199,3619,10151,1836,3715,912,3713,2815,1218,211135,102110,3637,4035,114,1635,2435,415,1013,2910,1835,103610,1536,2510,1535,376,35106,353636,352135,332,408,1029,4013,1410,7 7,23515,1026,329,345,45,344,10-14,415,2235,1534,1835,1037,4035,1510,1433,118,421,352,393734,2835,4026,391,4013,151,28