人教版选修7unit3_v-ing语法课件

1、语态语态时态时态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态一般式一般式完成式完成式doingbeing donehaving donehaving been donev-ing v-ing 可具有时态意义可具有时态意义 一般式（一般式（doing） 完成式完成式（having done） a)v-inga)v-ing一般式（一般式（doingdoing）的句法功能的句法功能 her hobby is her hobby is paintingpainting. . 她的业余爱好是画画。她的业余爱好是画画。 my job is my job is looking after the looking aft

2、er the childrenchildren. . 我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。 -ing形式形式作表语作表语时放在系动词之后，用时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的身来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。份、性质或情况。 they lived in a room they lived in a room facing the facing the streetstreet. . = they lived in a room = they lived in a room that faces that faces the streett

3、he street. . 他们住在一间面朝街的房子。他们住在一间面朝街的房子。 the manthe man standing therestanding there is is peters father. peters father. = the man = the man who is standing therewho is standing there is peters father.is peters father. -ing形式短语形式短语作定语作定语时时, 放在所修饰的名词之后放在所修饰的名词之后, 并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。 his b

4、rother, his brother, working as a teacherworking as a teacher, , lives in beijing. lives in beijing. = his brother, = his brother, who is working as a who is working as a teacherteacher, lives in beijing. , lives in beijing. 他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。 -ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性

5、定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。分用逗号分开。 when we returned to the when we returned to the school, we school, we foundfound a stranger a stranger standingstanding at the entrance. at the entrance. 当我们回到学校时当我们回到学校时, , 发现一个陌生人站在发现一个陌生人站在大门口。大门口。 -ing形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语 动词动词-ing形式形式作宾语补足语作宾语补足语常放在

6、宾语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。强调一个过程或一种状态。 wewe saw saw a light a light burningburning in the window. in the window. i i felt felt somebody somebody pattingpatting me on the shoulder. me on the shoulder. can you can you smellsmell anything anything burningburning? ? as he

7、spoke, he as he spoke, he observedobserved everybody everybody looking atlooking at him him curiously.curiously. listen tolisten to the birds the birds singingsinging. . i didnt i didnt noticenotice him him waitingwaiting. . i wont i wont havehave you you doingdoing that. that. this this setset me m

8、e thinkingthinking. .im sorry to haveim sorry to have keptkept you you waitingwaiting. . i cant i cant getget the clock the clock goinggoing again. again.全析提示：全析提示：接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有feel, hear, listen to, see, look at, watch, observe, notice, find, smell, set, have, keep, start, leave, g

9、et ,catch等。等。b)v-ingb)v-ing完成式（完成式（having having donedone）的用）的用 法法2 2、v-ingv-ing可具有语态意义可具有语态意义 如果如果-ing与句中的逻辑主语构成被动关与句中的逻辑主语构成被动关系，需用其被动形式系，需用其被动形式（being done，having been done）。其否定形式是：其否定形式是：not being done, not having been done例如：例如： 他们无法忍受这样的待遇。他们无法忍受这样的待遇。 they couldnt stand being treated like tha

10、t （与其逻辑主语（与其逻辑主语they构成被动关系构成被动关系)被动语态被动语态 一、动名词的被动形式一、动名词的被动形式 1 1当一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的当一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是这个动作的对象时，这个动名词一般要用是这个动作的对象时，这个动名词一般要用被动形式。被动形式。being killed by sharksbeing killed by sharks was a was a common occurrencecommon occurrence 因此那时被鲨鱼吃掉是常有的事。因此那时被鲨鱼吃掉是常有的事。 he could not bear he could not

11、bear _ _ like thatlike that 人家这样开他的玩笑他受不了。人家这样开他的玩笑他受不了。 he didnt mind he didnt mind _ 把他留在家里他并不在意。把他留在家里他并不在意。 being made fun ofbeing left at home this question is_ 这问题远远没有解决。这问题远远没有解决。 he did it without being asked 没有谁请他做，他自己做的。没有谁请他做，他自己做的。 you cant eat anything before_ 在动手术之前在动手术之前你不能你不能.吃任何东西。吃

12、任何东西。far from being settledbeing operated on我为没能遵守诺言表示歉意。我为没能遵守诺言表示歉意。i apologize for i apologize for not having keptnot having kept my promisemy promise （之前发生）（之前发生） 他因对国家做了这样大的贡献而受到表他因对国家做了这样大的贡献而受到表扬。扬。 he was praised for he was praised for having made having made suchsuch a contribution to the a

13、 contribution to the countrycountry （之前发生）（之前发生） 二、现在分词的被动形式二、现在分词的被动形式 现在动作是一个被动动作时，要用现在现在动作是一个被动动作时，要用现在分词的被动形式。包括其一般形式分词的被动形式。包括其一般形式“(not)being(not)beingdone”done”和完成式和完成式“(not)(not) having been having beendone”done”这种形式可以这种形式可以用来：用来： 1 1作状语作状语 being askedbeing asked who stole the salt who stole

14、 the salt，the poor young man put his hands the poor young man put his hands under his clothes.under his clothes.当被问及谁偷了盐时，这个可怜的年轻人当被问及谁偷了盐时，这个可怜的年轻人把手藏到了衣服里。把手藏到了衣服里。( (时间状语。时间状语。) ) _, the trees are growing better and better. 由于受到了很好的照顾，这些树长得越来由于受到了很好的照顾，这些树长得越来越壮越壮(原因状语原因状语) john, _ for many years

15、, had recently been set free.约翰被关在监狱许多年后，最近获释。约翰被关在监狱许多年后，最近获释。(时时间状语间状语) _to the wrong address, the letter did not reach her.由于那封信的地址投错了，她没有收到。由于那封信的地址投错了，她没有收到。(原因状语原因状语)being taken good care of having been kept a prisoner having been sent 2作定语作定语 the large house_ is a new shopping mall.正在施工的大楼是一座

16、新的综合商正在施工的大楼是一座新的综合商店店 3作宾语补足语作宾语补足语 i saw a baby_ by two men.我看见一个婴儿被两个男人抓走了我看见一个婴儿被两个男人抓走了being builtbeing caught away 我听说他被选为那个队的教练。我听说他被选为那个队的教练。 i heard of i heard of his having been his having been chosenchosen to be the coach of the to be the coach of the teamteam（与其逻辑主语（与其逻辑主语hishis构成被动关系构成被

17、动关系) )动词动词-ing形式的被动式在各句中作什么成分形式的被动式在各句中作什么成分?1. so being killed by sharks was a common occurrence.2. he didnt mind being left at home. 3. that building being repaired is our library.4. being protected by a thick wall, they felt they were quite safe. 5. having been given such a good chance, how could

18、 she let it slip away?主语主语subject宾语宾语object定语定语attributive状语状语adverbial状语状语adverbial 而且在而且在want, need, deserve, require等动等动词后词后, 尽管表示的是被动含义尽管表示的是被动含义, 我们却用我们却用动词动词-ing形式，也可以用不定式的被动形形式，也可以用不定式的被动形式来替换。如：式来替换。如：the blackboard needs cleaning. = the blackboard needs to be cleaned. 黑板需要擦干净。黑板需要擦干净。the br

19、oken window wants repairing. = the broken window wants to be repaired. 那个破窗户需要修理。那个破窗户需要修理。注意1)在want，need，require，deserve等动词之后作宾语时，常用动名词的主动式表示被动意义，但如果用不定式则用被动式。例如： the flowers in the garden want watering花园里的花需要浇水了。（比较：the flowers in the garden want to be watered） thats one of those questions that re

20、ally dont need answering那是一个那种真的不需回答的问题。（比较：the questions dont need to be answered） 2） 在（在（bebe）worthworth后面只能用动名词后面只能用动名词的主动态来表示被动意义。的主动态来表示被动意义。例如：例如： 他的提议值得考虑他的提议值得考虑his suggestion is his suggestion is worth worth consideringconsidering. .此句可转换成：此句可转换成：his suggestion is his suggestion is worthy t

21、o be worthy to be consideredconsidered. . 3 3） allow, advise, forbid, allow, advise, forbid, permitpermit等动词后直接跟所有格及动词作宾等动词后直接跟所有格及动词作宾语时，要用语时，要用v-ingv-ing形式；如果后面有名词或形式；如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，然后再跟宾语补足语（即构成代词作宾语，然后再跟宾语补足语（即构成复合宾语），其宾语补足语用带复合宾语），其宾语补足语用带toto的不定的不定式。式。 我不允许他在此地游泳。我不允许他在此地游泳。 i dont allow him to

22、 swim here.i dont allow him to swim here.some foods are eaten without _. a. well absorbing b. being well absorbed c. absorbing d .well absorbed .articles(物品物品) used by patients must be disinfected(消毒消毒) before _ others. a. using b. being used by c. used by d. being using.he attended the party withou

23、t _. a. invited b. inviting c. having invited d. being invited rebecca was unhappy for _ the first chance to go abroad. a. not having been given b. not having given c. not giving d. having not been given5.by _, water can be changed into gas. a. heating b. being heated c. having heated d. heated6.the

24、 classroom wants _. a. clean b.cleaned c.to clean d.cleaning7.though it sounds a bit too dear, it is worth _ . a. being bought b. buying c. to buy d. buying it8.this x-ray machine needs_. a. repairing b. to repair c. repaired d. being repaired9.the officers narrowly escaped _ in the hot battle. a. h

25、ave killed b. to kill c. to be killed d. being killed 10. did you enjoy yourself last night? its very nice of you. i appreciated _ to the party. a. to be invited b. to have invited c. being invited d. having been invited11.while were developing agriculture and industry, we must prevent the earth _.

26、a. from polluting b. polluted c. pollutingd. being polluted12.do you mind _ alone at home? a. jane leaving b. jane having left c. janes being left d. jane to be left13.how about the two of us _ a walk down the garden? a. to take b. take c. taking d. to be taking 14. _ many times, the boy still didnt know how to do the exercises. a. having taught b. having been taught c. taught d. teaching 3、v-ing可带有自己的逻辑主语可带有自己的逻辑主语 一般情况下，动名词的逻辑主语可泛指任何一般情况下，动名词的逻辑主语可泛指任何人或与句中主语一致。例如：人或与句中主语一致。例如： 但出于句意表达的需要，但出于句意表达的需要，v-i