新课标必修二Useful words and expressions

1、Useful words and expressionsUnit 4Translate the phrases. die out in peace in danger of long to do sth. wake up by ones bed take sb. to at once fly away as a result灭亡；逐渐消失灭亡；逐渐消失平和地；和睦地平和地；和睦地 有有 . 的危险的危险 渴望做渴望做 .醒来醒来 在某人床边在某人床边 带某人去带某人去立刻；马上立刻；马上飞走飞走 因此；结果因此；结果11. turn around12. in relief13. burst i

2、nto laughter14. without mercy15. a number of16. protect from17. pay attention to 转身转身如释重负如释重负 突然笑起来突然笑起来 毫无仁慈地毫无仁慈地 一些一些 保护保护不受不受 注意注意Not long ago, a girl called Daisy went _ the help of a flying carpet to see the animals that gave their fur to make her sweater. In Tibet she saw an antelope looking

3、sad who told her that they were being killed for the wool beneath their _ and that their fur was being used to make sweaters for people. _ a result, they had become _. Daisy was sorry for this. with Asstomachs endangered Complete the article according to the text.Later, she went to Zimbabwe and foun

4、d that she was being _ by an elephant, who told Daisy that farmers _ hunt them. Then the elephant said that later, the _ took action to help both farmers and elephants. In the thick rainforest, Daisy saw a monkey _ (rub) an insect over his body to protect itself. For Daisy, it was an amazing _; she

5、had learned so much about the wildlife.watched used to government rubbing experience Language points1. If their habitat is threatened or they cannot find enough food, their numbers may decrease. decrease v. 减少；降低减少；降低The number of new students decreased from 210 to 160 this year.They are making ever

6、y effort to decrease the production cost. decrease by表示数量减少的幅度，即在原有表示数量减少的幅度，即在原有的基础上的基础上“增加或减少了多少增加或减少了多少”； decrease to则表示则表示“减少到多少减少到多少”。 该城市去年交通事故减少了该城市去年交通事故减少了30%。The traffic accidents in the city _ 30% last year. 人口去年减少到人口去年减少到1百万。百万。The population _ 1 million last year.decreased bydecreased t

7、o decrease n. 减少；减弱减少；减弱The decrease in unemployment was 30 percent. There has been a decrease in our imports. on the decrease 在减少中在减少中Is crime on the decrease? decrease in 在在方面的减少方面的减少There has been a decrease in traffic accidents.decrease, diminish, lessen, reduce, 这些词这些词的共同含义是的共同含义是“减少，变少减少，变少”。d

8、ecrease: 指逐渐地、不断地减少。指逐渐地、不断地减少。diminish: 侧重大小、数量和重要性的不侧重大小、数量和重要性的不断减小，强调减小的部分。断减小，强调减小的部分。lessen: 普通用词，与普通用词，与decrease近义。指数近义。指数目、程度、价值、实力等的减少。目、程度、价值、实力等的减少。reduce: 普通用词，含义广。指数量、程普通用词，含义广。指数量、程度的降低或减少。度的降低或减少。2. As a result these endangered animals may even die out. die out 灭亡；逐渐消失灭亡；逐渐消失Many old

9、customs have died out.No one have come up with a convincing explanation of why dinosaurs have died out.He is the last of the family; after his death the name will die out. die of 死于死于 die from 死于死于 die down 渐渐消失，平息，变弱渐渐消失，平息，变弱 die away 渐熄，减弱，消失渐熄，减弱，消失 die off 相继死亡，先后死去相继死亡，先后死去 die for 为了为了 . 而死，渴

10、望而死，渴望 die的常用短语的常用短语Elephants would _ if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wished. A. die down B. die out C. die away D. die off选选B。die away 指指“(声音、风、光线等声音、风、光线等)渐息，渐弱渐息，渐弱”; die down 指指“(慢慢慢慢)熄灭，熄灭，平静下来平静下来”; die off 指指“一个一个地死一个一个地死去去”; die out 指指“(家族、种族、习俗、观家族、种族、习俗、观念等念等)灭绝，绝迹灭绝，绝迹”。The E

11、nglish of 500 years ago was very different from the English of today. Over time, some words and expressionseven _ completely. A. come to an end B. come into being C. break up D. die out D3. Too much hunting hunt v. 打猎；猎取；搜寻打猎；猎取；搜寻November is a good time to hunt deer. Well go hunting in the afternoo

12、n. Winter is the best time for hunting in mountain areas.John set out that day to hunt for work. hunt for 搜寻搜寻 hunt n. 打猎；猎取；搜寻打猎；猎取；搜寻The tiger hunt began at sunrise. The hunt for the lost child continued until she was found. I am on the hunt for the perfect summer sandals. hunter n. 猎人猎人4. About 3

13、0-40 remain after being left in peace with no hunting in peace 平静地，处于平静状态平静地，处于平静状态All the villagers live together in peace.Please let me do my work in peace.The two communities live together in peace (with one another).类似短语：类似短语：in surprise 惊奇地惊奇地 in rags 衣衫褴楼地衣衫褴楼地 in tears 流着泪；哭流着泪；哭5. Why are th

14、ey in danger of disappearing? in danger of 有有 . 的危险的危险The house is now in danger of collapse. He was in danger of losing his life. in danger 处于危险中处于危险中 The girls life was obviously in immediate danger. You are so kind-hearted that you always give me a hand when I am in danger. be out of danger 脱离危险脱

15、离危险 endangered adj. 濒危的濒危的 dangerous adj. 危险的危险的你认为中国的熊猫正处在危险中吗你认为中国的熊猫正处在危险中吗? (in danger) Do you think the pandas in China are in danger? It is reported that _ mountain lion is in _ danger of dying out. A. a; / B. the; / C. a; the D. the; a解析：解析：the 后面跟名词的单数，常用来后面跟名词的单数，常用来表示这一类别。表示这一类别。in danger

16、of 是常用短是常用短语。答案选语。答案选B。6. Daisy had always longed to help endangered species of wildlife.long 在这里是动词，意思是在这里是动词，意思是“渴望，热望，渴望，热望，极想极想”。He longs for / after fame. She longed to be back in China.She longed for her son to return home. 7. Daisy responded immediately. respond v. 回答；响应；做出反应回答；响应；做出反应Has she

17、 responded to your letter? I invited her to dinner but she did not respond.The patient is responding well to treatment. response n. 反应；回答；响应；答复反应；回答；响应；答复 It is strange that Dave didnt respond _ any of my emails. Something must have happened to him. A. on B. with C. for D. to Danswer, reply, respond

18、这些动词均有这些动词均有“回回答答”之意。之意。answer: 常用词，指用书面、口头或行动常用词，指用书面、口头或行动对他人的请求、询问、质问等作出回答对他人的请求、询问、质问等作出回答或反应。或反应。reply: 较正式用词，较少用于口语。侧较正式用词，较少用于口语。侧重经过考虑的较正式答复。重经过考虑的较正式答复。respond: 正式用词，指即刻的、以口头正式用词，指即刻的、以口头或行动对外来的号召、请求或刺激等作或行动对外来的号召、请求或刺激等作出回答或响应。出回答或响应。8. In relief Daisy burst into laughter. relief n. (痛苦痛苦,

19、负担等的负担等的) 缓和，减轻；缓和，减轻；解除解除 The pills gave her some relief. It is a great relief to have rain after a long time of drought.To our great relief, all the children arrived home, safe and sound. in relief 如释重负；松了一口气如释重负；松了一口气He said and then smiled in relief. to ones relief 使某人松了一口气使某人松了一口气To my great re

20、lief / Much to my relief, he is safe now.Those who suffer from headache will find they get _ from this medicine. (2010 山东卷山东卷) A. relief B. safety C. defense D. shelterAWhen the woman saw that her son was OK after the car accident, she said _, “Well, dear, you are the most important for me, not the

21、expensive car.” A. in peace B. in danger C. in surprise D. in relief 解析：考查短语辨析。从语境中可看出，解析：考查短语辨析。从语境中可看出，当母亲看见儿子在车祸后没有什么大碍时，当母亲看见儿子在车祸后没有什么大碍时，感到如释重负感到如释重负(in relief)。答案：。答案：D burst into 闯入，突然发作闯入，突然发作She burst into the room with her usual ebullience, and immediately started talking to everyone. Whe

22、n she saw me she burst into tears.When he finished the speech, the audience burst into applause.burst forth 突然出现突然出现burst in 打断打断 burst out 大声喊叫；闯出大声喊叫；闯出burst upon (思想思想) 突然出现突然出现burst open 猛然打开猛然打开 大家看到他摔下楼梯哄堂大笑。大家看到他摔下楼梯哄堂大笑。They burst(ed) into laughter seeing him fall down the stairs. 9. They al

23、lowed tourists to hunt only a certain number of animals if certain adj. 某种某种(或一定或一定)程度的；确定的程度的；确定的 For certain reasons I will be unable to attend the meeting. I cant say for certain when he will arrive. They are certain to succeed.=They are certain of success.=They are certain that they will succeed

24、.=Its certain that they will succeed.be certain of 确信确信for certain 肯定地肯定地make certain 弄清楚弄清楚make certain of 确定确定(弄清楚；弄清楚；弄确实弄确实)sure, certain均含均含“无疑的，确信的无疑的，确信的”之意。之意。sure: 侧重主观上对某事确信无疑。侧重主观上对某事确信无疑。certain: 与与sure同义，但语气比同义，但语气比sure强，着重指有确切理由或不容置疑的强，着重指有确切理由或不容置疑的证据所支持的确信。证据所支持的确信。10. “Im protecting

25、 myself from mosquitoes,” it replied. protect from 保护保护不受不受(危害危害) May God protect you from harm. Wearing dark glasses can protect your eyes from the sun. The plants should be protected from the cold. prevent / stop / keep from doing sth. 阻止阻止.做做. Wearing dark glasses can _ your eyes from the sun.A.

26、care B. preventC. defend D. protectD11. It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes. contain v. 包含包含,容纳；容忍；克制容纳；容忍；克制This book contains all the information you need. This drink doesnt contain any alcohol. The brown envelope contains two tickets. Try to contain your anger.contain ones anger

27、克制愤怒克制愤怒 contain ones boredom 克制厌烦情绪克制厌烦情绪 contain ones feelings 抑制感情抑制感情 contain ones grief 抑制悲痛抑制悲痛 contain oneself 克制自己克制自己Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it _. A. collected B. contained C. loaded D. saved解析：句意为解析：句意为“小约翰尼摸了一下袋小约翰尼摸了一下袋子，想知道里面装着什么东西子，想知道里面装着什么东西”。collect收集，搜集；收集，

28、搜集；contain含有，装含有，装有；有；load装载；装载；save节省。节省。答案：答案：Bcontain, include, involve, hold这些动词均含有这些动词均含有“包括，包含包括，包含”之意。之意。contain: 普通用词，所涉及的物体常常是其组普通用词，所涉及的物体常常是其组 成部分或内容，强调包容关系，既可指具成部分或内容，强调包容关系，既可指具 体有形的东西，也可指抽象无形的东西。体有形的东西，也可指抽象无形的东西。include: 普通用词，指一整体包含着各独立的普通用词，指一整体包含着各独立的 部分，也指某东西包含另一东西的某一部分。部分，也指某东西包含另

29、一东西的某一部分。involve: 指包含因整体的性质决定的成分或结指包含因整体的性质决定的成分或结 果。所包括的往往是无形的、不可触知的东果。所包括的往往是无形的、不可触知的东 西，多用作引申。西，多用作引申。hold: 常和常和contain换用，指能够容纳或有足够的换用，指能够容纳或有足够的 容纳量，强调包容能力。容纳量，强调包容能力。 affect v. 影响；感动；侵袭影响；感动；侵袭The climate affected his health.The amount of rain affects the growth of crops. He was much affected

30、by the sad news.Her kidneys had become affected. With the governments aid, those _ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. (上海高考上海高考) A. affect B. affecting C. affected D. were affected解析：句意为解析：句意为“在政府的援助下，那些受在政府的援助下，那些受到地震影响的人们已经搬到新的定居点到地震影响的人们已经搬到新的定居点”。用用affect的过去分词形式作主语的过去分词形式作主语tho

31、se的后置的后置定语，表示定语，表示“受到地震影响的人们受到地震影响的人们”。答案：答案：Caffect, influence, impress这些动词均含这些动词均含“影影响响”之意。之意。affect:通常是物而不是人作主语，主要指一通常是物而不是人作主语，主要指一时的影响，着重影响的动作，可指一般意时的影响，着重影响的动作，可指一般意义的影响义的影响(不分好坏不分好坏)，也可指不良影响。，也可指不良影响。influence: 侧重在思想、性格、行为等方面侧重在思想、性格、行为等方面所产生的潜移默化的影响，也可指自然力所产生的潜移默化的影响，也可指自然力的影响。的影响。impress: 强

32、调影响既深刻又持久。强调影响既深刻又持久。12. You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together. pay attention to 注意；留意注意；留意 (to 是介词是介词)You should pay attention to your spelling. Please pay attention to the difference between the two words.The chemistry teacher req

33、uired the students to pay more attention to keeping the lab clean. You must pay attention to _ the works of Lu Xun. A. read B. reading C. reader D. be readBdevote ones time to doing sth. 把某人的时间用于把某人的时间用于(奉献于奉献于) 做某事做某事be / get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事习惯于做某事be accustomed to doing sth. 习惯于做某事习惯于做某事lo

34、ok forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事盼望做某事be opposed to doing sth. 反对做某事反对做某事object to doing sth. 反对做某事反对做某事stick to doing sth. 坚持做某事坚持做某事get down to doing sth. 开始做某事开始做某事take to doing sth. 喜欢上做某事喜欢上做某事后接介词后接介词to的动词短语：的动词短语：pay attention to和和notice都有都有“注意注意”的的意思，意思，notice是是“注意到注意到”，是注意的结，是注意的结果，而果，而pay att

35、ention to是提前加以关注。是提前加以关注。Did you notice the little boy take the candy and run away?Pay attention to the little boy. appreciate v. 欣赏，赏识；领会；感激；欣赏，赏识；领会；感激； 意识到意识到Her talent for music was not appreciated. We all appreciate a holiday after a year of hard working.He appreciates being invited.They deeply

36、 appreciated his kindness. I am afraid you have not appreciated the urgency of the matter. I really appreciate _ to relax with you on this nice island. A. to have had time B. having time C. to have time D. to having time 解析：此处解析：此处appreciate意为意为“欣赏欣赏”，其后不能接动词不定式作宾语，而只能其后不能接动词不定式作宾语，而只能用名词或动名词形式。用名词或

37、动名词形式。选选B。一、根据句子意思和所给首字母提示一、根据句子意思和所给首字母提示,写出单写出单词的正确形式。词的正确形式。 1. You are not allowed to h_ animals or birds in this forest.2. The book c_ 10 maps, including 3 world maps.3. Because of the worldwide financial crisis (金融危机金融危机), many people get lower i_.4. Though it rained heavily, we s_ in getting there on time. hunt containsincome succeeded 5. The incident will a_ relations between the t