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1、主谓一致的具体用法:一 集合名词作主语1)表示整体概念,强调一致性,谓语动词用单数形式,表示个体概念,强调每一个成员,谓语动词用复数形式。y, nation, crowd, population, company, government, committee等。例如:他们全家要外出。 (表示整体概念,强调一致性,谓语动词用单数)His family (be) going out. 他
2、们全家人都是音乐爱好者。(表示个体概念,强调每一个成员) His family (be) all music lovers. 2)有些有生命的集合名词做主语时,谓语动词只能用复数。常见的这类集合名词有:people,police,cattle等。例如:Chinese people (be)
3、160;very friendly. 中国人很友好。The cattle (be) eating grass on the hill. 那头牛正在田地里吃草二 表示成双成套的名词,如trousers, shoes, glasses, socks, stockings, scissors单独做主语时,谓语动词用复数,但当它们和a pair of
4、160;或pairs of 连用时,谓语动词与pair 的数保持一致。例如:The pair of glasses (fit)you well. 你戴这副眼睛很适合。Several pairs of new shoes have been sent to the old men.已经给这位老人寄去好几双
5、新鞋了。三 不定代词做主语(1)不定代词anyone, somebody, something, no one, nobody, each, the other等做做主语,谓语动词用单数。例如:Someone wants to see you. 有人想见你。Nobody (know) the answer. &
6、#160;没有人知道答案。(2)不定代词none和neither既可表单数也可表复数。其单复数含义要根据说话人的意思决定。例如:None of them have/has a computer. 他们都没有电脑/他们没有一个人有电脑。Neither of them know/knows the reason. 他们俩全都不知道答案/他们两个谁也不知道答案。(3)all 修饰不可数名词表示单数概念时,谓语动词用单数;如果all修饰的是复数名词,谓语动词用复
7、数。例如: All of the water (be) polluted.所有的水都被污染了。(all 修饰不可数名词表示单数概念时,谓语动词用单数。 All of the apples _(be) rotten. 所有的苹果都烂了。(all修饰的是复数名词,谓语动词用复数)
8、160; All of the apple _ (be) rotten. 整个苹果都烂了。 (all表示整个或整体的含义时,谓语用单数)(4)不定代词 each,every, no所修饰的名词及each.and each,
9、60;every.and every, no.and no. many a. and many a.结构作主语时,谓语动词任然用单数形式。例如:Every man and every woman is at work. 所有人都在工作Many a desk and many a beach (be)
10、;be taken out of the hall. 许多课桌和凳子将被搬出大厅。四由either.or, neither.nor, not.but或not only.but also连接两个主语时,谓语动词常和邻近的主语一致,即谓语动词使用“就近一致”原则。例如:1)Either Tom or I (be)going there. 要么是汤姆去要么是我去。2)Not
11、;the students but the teacher is about to visit the place.不是学生而是老师将去参观这个地方。五在there be句型中,当主语是两个或多个名词(短语)并列时,be的形式通常跟与之靠近的一个名词(短语)保持一致,尽管用“就近一致”原则。例如:房间里有一张桌子和四把椅子。There (be)a desk and
12、;four chairs in the room.房间里有四把椅子和一张桌子。There (be ) four chairs and a desk in the room.六其他情况 (1)主语后有 as well as , with, rather than, but, l
13、ike, except, besides, including等词或短语时,谓语动词的形式不受这些短语的影响。例如:Your father as well as you is very kind to me. 不仅你而且你的父亲对我都很好。A lot of citizens as well as the major
14、160; (have)come to greet us.不仅许多的市民而且市长也来迎接我们。 (2)many a 和more than one 后加单数名词表示复数意义,谓语动词用单数。例如: Many a soldiers was killed in the battle. More than one students
15、; (like) playing badminton. (3)表示单一概念的不定式、动名词或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。例如:Smoking is bad for your health.吸烟有害你的健康。To see (be) to believe.眼见为实。*注意:what引导的主语从句,谓语动词一般用单数形式,但如果从句后面的表语是复数形式
16、,则谓语动词用复数形式。例如:What the students need most is diligence.What the poor students need (be) foods and books. (4)表示总量或总和的时间、距离、金钱、重量等的复数名词做主语时,谓语动词用单数。例如:One hundred kilograms
17、160; (be) too heavy.100公斤太重了。Twenty years is a long time.二十年是很长一段时间。 (5)分数,百分数或half of /part of / the rest of + n./ pron.主语时,谓语动词由后面的n/pron 决定,然而 one of +&
18、#160;n/pron做主语时,谓语动词用单数。例如:Three quarters(Three-fourths) of the surface of the earth is sea. 地球表面的四分之三是海洋。Eighty percent of the workers here (be) women.这里80%的工作者是女性。 (6)定语从句中,其谓语动的
19、数和先行词保持一致。例如: Tom, who is your friend, should help you.你的朋友汤姆应该帮你。 Those who (enjoy) singing may join us.凡是喜欢唱歌的人都可以加入我们中来。 (7)并列结构充当主语表示整体概念时,指的是同一个人、同一件事或同一个概念,谓语动词
20、用单数,这时and后面的名词没有冠词。常见的并列结构表示整体的概念的有:butter and bread(黄有面包), a watch and a chain(一块带链的表)、a cart and horse(马车)、a knife and fork(一副刀叉)、the writer and poet(作家兼诗人)。例如:The cart and horse &
21、#160;(be) coming. 马车来了。III.当堂检测1填出正确的谓语动词形式 1)The public (be) the best judge because always (express) their t
22、houghts correctly. 2) None of the books (be) easy enough for us. &
23、#160;3) Ten dollars (be ) what he wanted most at that moment. 4) The rich (be) not always happy. 5) Nine
24、plus three (make) twelve.2.单项选择:(1) _ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass.A.Two fifth; is B. Two fi
25、fth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are(2)E-mail, as well as telephone, _ an important part in daily communication. A. is playing B.
26、 have played C. are playing D. Play(3) He is the only one of the students who _ a winner of scholarship for three years.
27、 A. is B. are C. have been D. has been(4)All but one _ here just now. A. is B.&
28、#160;was C. has been D. were(5)The teacher together with the students discussing Reading Skills that newly publi
29、shed in America.A.are; were B.is were C.are; was D.is; was.(6) The population of the city not large, but one- third of the population
30、60; hight-educated citizens. A. is; is B.are; are C.is; are D.are, is(7) Most of what has been said
31、160;about the Smiths also true of the Johnsons. A. are B.is C. being D. to be(8)&
32、#160;When and where to build the new factory _ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D.
33、160;have not decided(9) A group of _ are eating _ and _ at the foot of the hill. (NMET'95) A. sheep; grass; leaves B. sheeps; grasses; l
34、eaves C. sheep; grass; leaf D. sheeps; grass; leafs(10) As a result of destroying the forests, a large _ of desert _ covered the land. A.
35、160;number; has B. quantity; has C. number; have D. quantity; have (11) All that can be eaten eaten up.
36、; A.have been B.had been C. has been D are being(12) Half of the material away. A.has been taken B. Are taken
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