高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习

1、虚拟语气-高中英语语法精讲精练虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、猜测建议或与事实不符的假设。虚拟语气可分为三种:(1一般虚拟(2混合虚拟(3特殊句式一.一般虚拟的构成:(省略if, 要将should/were/had 提到句首(1. 对现在的虚拟:If S. did/were sth., S. would/could/should doIf I had time, I would attend the meeting.If I were you, I would seize the chance to go abroad.If you had taken my advice, you would

2、not have failed in the exam.(3 对将来的虚拟:If S. did/were/should do/were to do, S would/should/could do sth.If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting.If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off.If he should not come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next day.注意:Had w

3、e made good preparations, we might have succeeded.Had it not rained, we would have gone out for a walk.Were I you, I would not do such a thing.二.混合虚拟:(1不同时间的虚拟:If he had listened to me, he would not be in trouble now.If he had told me yesterday, I should know what to do now.(2 虚拟与陈述的混合:He could have

4、 passed the exam, but he wasnt careful enough.You should have come earlier, the bus left a moment ago.三.特殊句式:(1.suggest, advise, recommend, propose, order, command, request, require, demand that clause (should do/do He suggested that we (should save money for the future.(insist的判断(2 It is suggested/

5、advised/ordered/requested/required that clause(should do/do(主语从句(3 My advice/suggestion/request/requirement is that-clause (should do /do (表语从句His suggestion/advice/request/requirement that clause(should do/do is. (同位语从句(4 It is natural/necessary/strange that-clause (should do/do表惊奇、怀疑、惋惜、不满、理应如此等。I

6、ts strange that he should have missed the train. (表竟然It is important that we should learn from others.(表理应如此It is a pity that he should not go with us.(表惊讶、不满(5wish that clause (did/were 与现在相反wish that clause (would/could/might do与将来相反wish that clause ( had done 与过去相反I wish I could go with them tomo

7、rrow. I wish I had never met him.(6 It is (high/about time clause (did, should do It is (high/about time we went home.(7 would rather clause (did 与现在或将来相反;(had done 与过去相反I would rather you came tomorrow. I would rather you hadnt told her the news.(8 If only clause ( did/were与现在相反 (would/could/might

8、do与将来相反( had done 与过去相反 要是。就好了If only he would come tomorrow! If only I had taken her advice!If only I were ten years younger!(9 as if clause (did/were 与现在相反 (would/could/might do与将来相反( had done 与过去相反She treats Kate as if she were her own daughter.They talked as if they had been friends for years.(1

9、0 would like/was/were to have done somethingI would like to have attended the party, but one of my friends came to see me.(11 without/but for n.= if it were not for n./if it hadnt been for n. (otherwise 后从句同I would not have passed the exam without your help.(=if it hadnt been for your help四。虚拟巩固练习:1

10、. The plant is dead. I _more water.A. will giveB. would have givenC. must giveD. should have given2. I insist that a doctor _ immediately.A. has been sent forB. send forC. will be sent forD. be sent for3. If you the doctors advice, you would have already recovered.A. followB. followedC. would follow

11、D. had followed4. I wish I _ you yesterday.A. seenB. did seeC. had seenD. were to see5. What would you have done last night, if you to write your homework.A. hadntB. havent hadC. didnt haveD. hadnt had6. -Did you catch the plane?-No, if I had hurried, I .A. wouldB. would haveC. couldD. did7. Without

12、 electricity human life _ quite different today.A. isB. will beC. would have beenD. would be8. - Shall we go skating or stay at home? -Which_ do yourself?A. do you ratherB. would you ratherC. will you ratherD. should you rather9. - We could have walked to the station, it was so near.-Yes, a taxi _ a

13、t all necessary.A. wasntB. hadnt beenC. wouldntD. wont be10. If you early tomorrow morning, you would be there by noon.A. have startedB. were startC. were to startD. had started11. Tom ought not to _ me your secret, but he meant no harm.A. have toldB. tellC. be tellingD. having told12. -If he _, he

14、_ that food.- Luckily he was sent to hospital immediately.A. was warned, would not takeB. had been warned, would not have takenB. would be warned, had not taken D. would have been warned, had not taken13. - Are you thinking about going to Dalian for the vacation?-No, but if I time, I very glad to go

15、 there.A. have, will be B, had had, would have beenC. had, would beD. had had, would be14. If you George, would you please tell him to ring me?A. sawB. were toC. have seenD. see15. You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired.A. drove, didnt getB. drove, wouldnt getC. were driving, wouldn

16、t getD. had driven, wouldnt have got16. I am sure he hasnt sent the letter. If he it, I .A. sent, gotB. sent, have gotC. sent, would goD. had sent, would have got.(17. The two strangers talked as if they _ friends for years.A. should beB. would beC. have beenD. had been18. Jane pale face suggested t

17、hat he _ ill, and her parents suggested that she _ a medical examination.A. be, should haveB. was, haveC. should be, hadD. was, has19. _ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will20. When he was there, he _ go to that coffee shop at

18、the corner after work every day.A. wouldB. shouldC. had betterD. might21._ for the free tickets, _ I would not have gone to the films so often.A. If it is notB. Were it notC. Had it not beenD. If they were not22. There was a lot of fun at yesterdays party. You _ come, but why didnt you? A. must have

19、 B. should C. need have D. ought to have23. I should have been there, but I _ not find the time.A. wouldB. couldC. mightD. should24. If he _ quietly as the doctor instructed, he wouldnt suffer so much now.A. liesB. layC. had lainD. should lie25. How I wish every family _ a large house with a garden.

20、A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. had had26. I thought you _ like something to read , so I have brought you some books.A. mightB. mayC. couldD. must27. There was plenty of time. She _.A. neednt have hurriedB. couldnt have hurriedC. must not hurryD. mustnt have hurried28. It was necessary that he about what

21、 had happened.A. be toldB. was toldC. should tellD. tell29. It was strange that we short of water in the country where it was always raining. A. are B. be C. should be D. both B and C30. You any difficulty now, if you had made a more careful plan.A. wont meet withB. would not meet with五.keys:1-5 DDD

22、CD 6-10 BDBAC 11-15 ABCAD 16-20 DDBBA 21-25 CDBCB 26-30 AAADB1. Mr Li required the computer equipment referred _ used in every classroom.A. should beB. have to beC. to beD. to being2. Yang Liwei has won great honour for our country.Who is Yang Liwei?What a question! It is surprising _ the first spac

23、eman in China.A. you didnt know our national heroB. to you not to know himC. you should know nothing aboutD. you knew nothing about him3. What courses are you going to do next term?I dont know. But its about time _ on something.A. Id decideB. I decidedC. I decideD. Im deciding4. One of the requireme

24、nts for the fire is that the material _ to its burning temperature.A. is heatedB. will be heatedC. would be heaterD. be heated5. Robert wishes that he _ business instead of history when he was in university.A. studiesB. studiedC. has studiedD. had studied6. My demand is that the information referred

25、 to in my report _ to Mr. Brown without delay.A. to be e-mailedB. e-mailedC. be e-mailedD. being e-mailed7. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _ to the meeting.A. would comeB. cameC. would have comeD. had come8. Without electricity human life _ quite different today.A. isB. will beC. would hav

26、e beenD. would be9. If he had not gone out in the storm, he _ alive now.A will be B. would beC. would have beenD. is10. If only I _ how to operate an electronic computer as you do.A. had knownB. would knowC. should knowD. knew11. But for the party, he _ of hunger fifteen years ago.A. would have died

27、B. would dieC. must have diedD. must die12. I would have come earlier, but I _ that you were waiting for me.A. didnt knowB. hadnt knowC. would have knownD. havent known13. The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students _ two weeks to prepare for the exam.A. giveB. should giveC. be givenD. wo

28、uld be given14. Wang Ling, one of my friends, is very good at English. He speaks English as if he _ an Englishman.A. wereB. would beC. have beenD. had been15. We _ our lives had it not been for the policeman.A. would have lostB. should loseC. might loseD. had lost16. _ more careful, his ship would n

29、ot have sunk.A. If the captain wereB. Had the captain beenC. Should the captain beD. If the captain would have been17. Were it not for the snowy weather, we _ all right.A. would beB. would have beenC. wereD. may be18. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love, at the ag

30、e of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.A. wouldnt have fallenB. had not fallenC. should fallD. were to fall19. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _ a goal.A. had scoredB. scoredC. would scoreD. would have scored20. How I wish every family _ a large house

31、 with a beautiful garden!A. hasB.hadC. will haveD. had had答案解析1. C. 因为在表示“要求”的require, request, ask, demand等动词后的宾语从句的谓语要用“(should+动词原形”,句中referred to是过去分词短语,作the computer equipment 的定语,所以选C(from 。2. C. 因为在it is surprising后的that从句中,谓语要用“should +动词原形”,其中should含“竟然”之意,不可省略。3. B. 因为Its (high /about time

32、后面的从句的谓语动词通常用过去时态。4. D. 因为requirement后的表语从句的谓语要用“(should +动词原形”;material(材料与heat(加热是被动关系,用被动语态,所以是be heated。5. D. 因为wish后的宾语从句中的谓语动词要用过去式,此题的study business是与过去事实相反的情况,所以用had studied business(from 。6. C. 因为主语是demand时,其后的表语从句的谓语要用“(should +动词原形”。7. C. 因为句中otherwise (否则表示与过去事实相反的情况,所以用would have done。8. D. 因为介词短语without表示与现在事实相反的情况,所以用would be。9. B. 由had not