英语国家社会与文化入门试卷

1、英语国家社会与文化入门试卷Ting Bao was revised on January 6, 20021 一、Fill in the following information gaps (20%) (1 point each)1. In England more than 1_ of its population living in cities , and about 2% of the population working in agriculture, so England is a highly urbanized country .2. In the year of 2, the

2、 first permanent settlement in North America was established, in today's Virginia .3. Ralph Waldo Emerson, a American transcendentalist, published a startling book called _3, he claimed by studying and respecting to nature individual could reach a higher spiritual state without form religion .4.

3、 The US federal government consist of the following three branches the executive , 4 and the judicial.5. One advantage of 5over sole proprietorship and partnership is that it has limited liability, so investors risked only the amount of their investment and not their entire assets6. The best -known

4、stock exchange is New York Stock Exchange located in 6 area of New York City7. WASP stands for 7.8. The majority of the Catholics in the U. S. are descendants of immigrants from Ireland,8 and Poland.9. The Letherstocking Tales, they refer to the five novels written by 9_.10. A collection of poems wr

5、itten by Walt Whitman , it is a groundbreaking book. That is 1011. An jazz music ensemble of musicians consists of two sections: 11 and the percussion.13. In the U. S., B. A. and B. S. stand for 13 andBachelor of Science in higher education.14. The two most well known computer companies are 14 and A

6、pple in the United States.15. Now the largest software company is 15 whosedirector is Bill Gates in the United States.16. Two Scottish cities which have a ancient and internationally respected universities, they are Edinburgh and 16.17. The Britain, the official head of state is now 17 while the rea

7、l center of political life is in the House of Commons .18. The British Constitution consists of statute law ,18 and convention.19. In jazz music major musical instrument include _19, clarinet, piano , trombone , cymbal ,bell, hollow wooden block, chimes , drum, guitar etc.20. In the American educati

8、on A. S. stands for 20.得分二、Choose the correct answer for each of the following (35%)(1 point each)1. The Supreme Court of in the U. S. today consist of a chief justice and associate justices.A. 1 B. 8 C. 11 D.4352. The following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism exceptA. challenging

9、the authority of the Pope.B. salvation through faith.C. salvation through the church.D. establishing a direct contact with God.3. Which of the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism?A. separation of state and church.B. respect of education.C. intolerant moral ism.D. a sense of missio

10、n.4. The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly fromA. George Washington. B. Thomas Jefferson.C. John Adams. D. John Locke.5. Which of the following was NOT a denomination of Protestantism?A. Catholics. B. Puritans.C. Quakers. D. Church of England.6. Which of the f

11、ollowing is NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights?A. The freedom of religion.B. The freedom of searching a person1s home by police.C. The freedom of speech and of the press.D. The right to own weapons if one wishes7. Service industry does not include.A. Banking8. management consultationB. AirlineC. s

12、teelmaking8. The United States produces as much as half of the world'sA. wheat and riceB. cottonC. tobacco and vegetable oil D. soybeans and com9. The latest technology that farmers have adopted isA. artificial fertilizersB. pesticideC. tractorsD. computers10. A is a type pf play with comedy , s

13、inging , dancing, music and acrobatics performed for children at Christmas in western Europe.A. pantomime B. King ArthurC. Robin HoodD. Gone with Wind11.In the United States, people go to church mainly for the following reasons exceptA. for finding a job in society.8. for having a place in a communi

14、ty.9. for identifying themselves with dominant values.10. for getting together with friends.12. In Britain and American there are many in every city, town and village , where sell almost sell every thing.A. corner shops B. book shopsC. food shopsD. grocer's shops13. Which of the following was wr

15、itten by Thoreau?A. Nature B. WaldenC. The Scarlet Letter D. The Fall of the House of Usher14. _was mainly interested in writing about Americans living in Europe.A. Henry James B. Mark TwainC. William Dean Howells D. Stephen Crane15. Three of the following authors are Nobel Prize winners. Which one

16、is not.A. Ernest Hemingway B. Eugene O'NeillC. William Faulkner D. F. Scott Fitzgerald16.does NOT belong to the Lost Generation.A. John Dos Passos B. Ernest HemingwayC. F. Scott Fitzgerald D. John Steinbeck17. was NOT written by Hemingway.A. Light in August B. The Sun Also RisesC. A Farewell to

17、Arms D. For Whom the Bell Tolls18. The following authors were women writers who wrote novels in the late 19th and early 20th century with exception ofA. Emily Dickinson B. Edith WhartonC. Willa Cather D. Kate Chopin19. Both public and private Universities depend on the following sources of income ex

18、cept,A. investment B. student tuitionC. endowmentsD. government funding20. The legislative branch of the U. S. consists of congress that is divided into：A. the House of Representatives and the SenateB. the House of Representative and the SenatesC. the House of commons and the House of LordsD. the Ho

19、use of Common and the House of Lord21. The complex drumming in the rhythm section of early jazz music was brought over to America byA. Spanish missionaries from Europe.B Black slaves from West Africa.C. British colonists from Asia.D. the Creole from the West India.22. Which of the following is not a

20、 team game?A. volleyballB. bowlingC. soccerD. field hockey23 . If white - collar crimes were included in the Crime Index and if authorities were more vigorous in their enforcement of law , the profile of a typical criminal in the United states would beA. older B. wealthierC. white D. living near cit

21、y centers24. Which of the following used human being as guinea pigs to test drugs including LDSA. The FBI B. The CIAC. Congress D. Richard Nixon25. The one group within the counter culture best known for their pursuit of happiness as their only goal in life was calledA. the Hippies B. the Beat Gener

22、ationC. the Me Generation D. the Lost Generations26. Which of the following can NOT be found in London?A. Teahouses. B. Galleries.C. Museums. D. Theatres.27. The Tower Of London, a historical sight, located in the centre of London, was built byA. King Harold B. Robin HoodC. Oliver Cromwell D. Willia

23、m the Conqueror 28.The provides a fair way for deciding whom to admit when then they have 10 or 12 applicants for every first year students seat in the U. S.A. SATS B. NBA C. NEE D. CBA29. Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world forA. its most famou

24、s landmark, the "Giant's Causeway”.B. its rich cultural lifeC. its low living standardsD. its endless political problems30. Which of the following about the Parliament is NOT true?A. There are no legal restraints upon Parliament.B. Strictly speaking, the Queen is part of the Parliament.C. P

25、arliament has the supreme power of passing laws.D. Parliament has no power to change the terms of the Constitution.31. In modern political system in Britain MPs stands for.A. members of parliament B. members of parliamentsC. member of parliament D. member of parliaments32. _ made the first desktop P

26、C.A. Thomas EdisonB. Apple computersC. Tow tong amateur inventorsD. Samuel F. B. More33. These and stand today as Wales' great tourist attractions. Tourism is an important industryA. castles and estates B. Hadrian's WallC. Giant's Causeway D. Royal Pavilion34. The British Queen decided t

27、o open to summer tourists to raise money, which caused a lot criticism from the public.A. the Tower of London .B.British Museum.C. Buckingham Palace and Windsor Castle.D. Westminster Abbey35. Dodds brothers, Johnnywas on the , Warren was on theA - drum. B. guitar. C. clarinet D. banjo.A . drum. B. g

28、uitar. C. clarinet D. banjo.得分三、Give brief explanations of the following ideas (Choose 5 from 8 to present on the paper )(25%)(5 point each)1. a significant role of London2. the Anglo-Saxons3. two immigration movements to the Americas4. American characteristics of religion5. Three Faiths in the U. S

29、.6. the Beat Generation'"7. Jazz music8. Puritanism得分四、Analyze the causes that brought about the relative decline of the UK economy(20%)英语国家社会与文化考试试卷(工卷)Key Answer一、Fill in the following information gaps(20%)(1 point each)1. 80% 2. 16073. Nature 4. the legislative5 .corporation 6. Wall Stre

30、et7. the White Anglo-Saxon Protestant 8. Italy9 . Fennimore Cooper. 10. Leaves of Grass11. the front line 12. Master of Business Administration13 . Bachelor of Arts 14 . IBM15 . Microsoft 16 . Glasgow17. the King 18. the common laws19 .violin 20. Associate of Sciences二、Choose the correct answer for

31、each of the following (35%)(1 point each)1- 5 BCADA 6-10 BDAAA 11-15 AABAD 16-20 DAAAA 21-25 BDDBA 26-30 ADADD31-35 ACACC三、Give brief explanations of the following ideas (Choose 5 from 8 to present on the paper )(25%)(5 point each)1. a significant role of LondonLondon is the capital of the UK, the l

32、argest city located in the south of the country. It's dominant in Britain in all sorts of ways. It's the cultural and business centre and the headquarters of the vast majority of Britain's big companies. It's not only the financial centre of the nation, but also one of the major inte

33、rnational financial centers in the world. It is a huge weight in Britain's economic and cultural life.2. the Anglo-SaxonsThe Anglo-Saxons were two groups of Germanic peoples who settled down in England from the 5zr century. They were regarded as the ancestors of the English and the founders of E

34、ngland.3. two immigration movements to the AmericasThe American continents were peopled as a result of two long- continuing immigration movements, the first from Asia and the second from Europe and Africa.4. American characteristics of religionThe Bill of Rights of the U. S. Constitution provides th

35、at there is no state religion and that church and state must be separated (Americans with different religions live together under the sane law). American religious beliefs continue to be strong with social progress. In the United States, every church is a completely independent organization and conc

36、erned with its own finance and its own building. There has been little concentration on doctrine or religious argument such as in European history.5. Three Faiths in the U. S.By the 1950s, the three faiths model of American religion had developed. Americans were considered to come in three basic var

37、ieties： Protestant, Catholic and Jewish, the order reflecting the strength in numbers of each group.6. the Beat Generat ion，zThe “Beat Generationz/ was made up of a group of young writers in the 1950s based in San Francisco. The name referred simultaneously to the rhythm of Jazz music, to their sens

38、e that society was worn out, to the interest in new forms of experience, through drugs, alcohol or Eastern mysticism. Alan Ginsburg' s poem Howl set for them a tone of social protest.7. Jazz musicEarly jazz music first appeared in the Southern city of New Orleans at the end of the 19" centu

39、ry . It was a blend of folk music, Work chants, spirituals, marches ,and even European classical music. A defining mark of this early New Orleans jazz was that a group of musicians improvising their notes in changing chords around a specific melodic line. All jazz bands use such instruments as a tru

40、mpet, a clarinet, a trombone, and percussion instruments like the drum, banjo, and guitars. Jazz developed intothe 1920's with two different styles, namely, the Chicago style jazz and the New York style8. PuritanismPuritans were those who followed the doctrine of John Calvin and wanted to purify

41、 the Church of England. They believed that human beings were predestined by God before they were born. Some were God's chosen people while others were damned to hell. No church nor good works could save people, The sign of being God' s elect was the success in his work or the prosperity in h

42、is calling. These beliefs had great impact on American culture.四、Analyze the causes that brought about the relative decline of the UK economy(20%)The UK has experienced an economic decline since 1945. But this is a relative decline rather than an absolute one . But Britain is wealthier and more prod

43、uctive than it was in 1945, but since other countries developed more rapidly, it has slid from being the second largest economy to being the sixth.There are four reasons for the relative economic decline since 1945: firstly ,Britain had gone heavily into debt in order to finance the war, selling man

44、y of its accumulated overseas assets, and borrowing large amounts from the United States and Canada. These debts meant that the UK entered the post-war era with a major economic problem; secondly, British colonies which used to provide raw materials and big markets gained independence. For example ,India, popularly known as "The Jewel in the Crown of the British Empire, gained its independence in 1947, only 2 years after the end of the war. And the rest of the empire quickly followed India to independence, leaving Britain as just a medium-size European country ; thirdly Britain wa