2020年上海中考首字母填空训练之基础篇1-5(有解析)

1、Passage 1词数：191 题材：动物知识 建议阅读时间：6 分钟Many people believe that a birds home and place to sleep is its n est, but is that true?Zoologists （动物学家） have found that birds dont roost （栖息） over-night in theirn 1, even if a storm is coming. Ducks and swans often hide their heads u 2their wings and float on the

2、 water at night. Cranes, with their long legs, are f_3 of sleeping on the ground.Since they dont s 4 in the nest, why do birds still build nests? Birds usually lay andhatch eggs in their n ests. After the eggs are hatched, the n est becomes a place for am_5_ bird to take care of her chicks. The nest

3、 soon becomes c 6 as the chicks grow. Aftersome time, there is no Ion ger room for the mother in the n est. After the chicks grow intoadult birds, the n ests are aba ndon ed.There are nine thousa nd species of birds on the Earth and most of them only use nests for breed ing. So a birds n est is n 7

4、its home. It does nt sleep there at ni ght.答案1. n ests 此处不难确定是鸟巢，但需用复数。2. un der 介词搭配，躲在翅膀下。3. fond 固定搭配，“ be fond of doing sth”指“习惯于做某事”。4. sleep 上下文理解，上文提到“ sleeping on the ground，所以此处同义转换为“ dont sleep in the nes”。5. mother 上下文理解，下文讲到照顾小鸟，所以一定是母鸟。6. crowded 上下文理解，下文提到鸟儿长大了，鸟巢肯定会因此而变得拥挤。7. not 通读全文

5、之后，可知鸟巢并非鸟儿的家，只是鸟儿哺育小鸟的地方。此题主要考查学生的归纳能力 长难句解析After some time, there is no Ion ger room for the mother in the n est.句意：一段时间 之后，鸟巢内就没有空间能容纳鸟妈妈了。解析：“ room”作可数名词时，解释为“房间”；作不可数名词时，解释为“空间”。Passage 2词数：255 题材：人生哲理 建议阅读时间：7 分钟What makes you happy in life? Perhaps it is the love of your family or the friends

6、hip ofyour classmates. We all want people to like us, so it is n _1_ for us to do what we can toplease others. H 2, we also know that this is not alwayspossible. Life does not always run smoothly for us and mistakes happe n.What happens when you make a mistake? Do you try to h _3_ the fact, or deny

7、anyresp on sibility? We all know that this behavior usually makes the situatio n much w 4_.As we grow and mature, we should realize the best thi ng to do after a mistake is m 5 is toaccept resp on sibility, and to offer an apology to those affected.Taking ownership of a mistake and saying youre sorr

8、y allows several positive things tohappe n. It helps people to rega in trust and con fide nce in you, and it helps people torepair any d 6 that was caused by the mistake.Ano ther very importa nt aspect of say ing youre sorry is that it helps you to rega inrespect for yourself. It allows you to put a

9、 mistake beh ind you, and to move on with yourlife. Accepting responsibility also helps us to learn from our errors, and en courages usnot to repeat them in the future. Perhaps it also helps us to lear n how to forgive otherswho make mistakes. Lear ning to say youre sorry is a sure way to lear n how

10、 to r_7_yourself and others.答案1. natural 人们喜欢被人喜欢，所以就自然会为了获得别人的好感而讨好别人。2. However 句子前后是转折关系。3. hide “ hide the fact指“隐藏事实”。4. worse 上下文理解，上文提到隐藏事实，这里指隐藏事实会使情况变得更糟。5. made 此题主要考查固定搭配“ make a mistake”。6. damage7. respect长难句解析1. Taking ownership of a mistake and saying youre sorry allows several positi

11、ve thingsto happen.句意：承认错误并且道歉会使很多积极的事情发生。解析： 此句的主语较复杂， “Taking ownership of a mistake and saying youre sorry中既包含动名词短语，又包括宾语从句“ youre sorry”。2. It helps people to regain trust and confidence in you, and it helps people to repair anydamage that was caused by the mistake.句意：它可以帮助人们重获信任和信心， 并且有助于人们修复由错

12、误导致的损伤。解析：前半句中的“ trust and confidence in sb”. 表示“对某人的信任与信 心”； 后半句中的 “ that was caused by the mistake 是定语从句，修饰先行 词“damage。Passage 3词数：197 题材：人物传记 建议阅读时间：6 分钟Stella McCart ney was born famous. She was the daughter of Paul McCart ney, a member of thefamous ban dthe Beatles （甲壳虫乐队）”.But Stellas pare nts

13、 wan ted her to live a normal andindependent life. Little Stella went to state school and earned pocket money on her o 1. She c 2get money easily from her pare nts. Whenshe wan ted to spe nd mon ey, she had to clea n dishes at a restaura nt n ear her home.While Stella had the looks to become a model

14、, she was most i 3 in desig ning. At the age of twelve,she made her first jacket. Three years later, she started worki ng on her first fashi on d 4 collect ion.When she attended college, some students called herDaddys Girl” . But in her first fashi onshow, she showed her a 5 to every one.Later, Stel

15、la studied very hard and worked for some famous bran ds. In 2001, Stella opened her f6 fashion house, and began to have famous customers, such as Camer on Diaz and Liv Tyler. She alsodesig ned a weddi ng dress for Madonna.Now, Stella is a famous fashion designer. No doubt, she made her s 7 on her ow

16、n.答案1. own 固定词组，“ on ones owr”指“靠某人自己”。2. could nt 上下文理解，她父母要培养她自力更生的能力，因此不会轻易给她钱3. interested 固定词组，“ be interested in sth” 指“对某事感兴趣”。4. design 上文提到 Stella 喜欢服装设计，所以此处是指她开始为她的时装设计展 做准备。只要注意到上文出现过的“ designing”，就不难想到此处应填其原形design5. ability6. first 上下文理解，上文提到 Stella 为其他品牌工作，下文提到 Stella 开始（began to）拥有著名

17、的顾客，因此可以断定此处是指她拥有自己的首家设计屋。7. success 此题主要考查学生的归纳能力，读完全文能对文中的主角Stella 做出准确的评价，Stella 最终成功地成为一名出名的时装设计师是靠她自身的努力。长难句解析No doubt, she made her success on her own.句意：毫无疑问，她靠自己的努力取得了成功。解析：此句不长， 但是其中有两个地方值得关注。“no doubt 是常用结构，相当于“there is no doubt 意思是 毫无疑问”；“on ones own 也是常用结构， 指的是靠自己”。Passage 4词数：237 题材：文化习

18、俗 建议阅读时间：7 分钟Halloween is one of the most famous holidays in the US, and it is on October 31.People carve pumpkins （南瓜） and make funny faces on them. These are called “ JaOkLanterns ” .On October 31, children w1 a special clothes such as a witch（巫师），a ghost（鬼），or a clown（小丑）.They go to many houses a

19、nd they knock on the door saying,“Trick or Treat! ” It means thatif people dont give thema treat, they will play some kind of t _2_ on the household. S 3 , usually people give candy to them.I carved my first Hallowee n pumpk in at my Frie ndship Familys house. F 4,I cut ope n the top of the pumpk in

20、 and pulled the seeds out. It was not good for mebecauseit was sticky and smelled bad. I had n_5_ carved a pumpkin, so it was in teresti ng for me. Next,I carved the eyes and the mouth. I wan ted to make a f _6 like a pirate（海盗）.Whe n I fini shed makingthe face, I put a can dle in side. It was very

21、beautiful, so I was happy.I had a good experie nee because I lear ned one new idea about America n c_7 by taking part init. I think Halloween is an interesting American holiday which invo Ives all family members and neighbors too!答案1. wear 在万圣节，人们常穿上特殊的服饰，“穿戴”即是“wear”。2. trick 上下文理解，上文中提到了“ Trick or

22、 Treat”，在此句的上半部分已经提 到了“ if people dont give them a trea”，故填“ trick ”。3. So 上下文理解，由“Trick or Treat”的背景介绍可知如果不招待这些化了妆的 孩子们的话，他们就会捉弄人，因此结果就是人们会准备些糖果给他们。4. First 表示做南瓜灯的顺序，用序数词表示。5. n ever 因为从没有做过南瓜灯，所以才会有新鲜感，会对此感兴趣。6. face 上下文理解，本文的第 2 句话就提到了“ People carve pumpkins and makefunny faces on them”，因此此处句意为“

23、我想在南瓜上刻个海盗的脸”。7. culture 节日是一个民族的文化的体现，万圣节折射着美国文化。长难句解析I think Halloween is an interesting American holiday which invoIves all family members and n eighborstoo!句意：万圣节是个有趣的美国节日， 它让所有的家庭成员和邻居们一起参与进来。解析： 句中的 “which invoIves all family members and neighbors toO是定语从句, 修饰先行词“ holiday”。Passage 5词数：299 题材：科

24、普知识 建议阅读时间：8 分钟Experts say learning disabilities are not with intelligenee or diligenee. The problem, they say, is thatsome peoples brains process in formation di .Gen erally speak ing, people with lear ning disabilities are average or above average in theirintelligenee. But their disorders may affe

25、ct their ability to gain knowledge and, as a result, limit theirsuccess in school or jobs.People can have different kinds of learning disabilities. One person may have difficulty withIanguage development. A 2 may have trouble working with nu mbers. People can have more tha n onedisorder, but read in

26、g is the most com mon area of d 3.Lear ning disabilities are n eurological （神经系统的） disorders that a 4 thebrai ns ability to store, process and com muni cate in formati on. The Nati onal Cen ter for Lear ningDisabilities reported that fiftee n millio n America ns, or five perce nt, are affected. Three millionstudents in the United States received some kind of special help in school becauseof learningdisabilities. Learning disabilities may help e 5 why some students do not perform as well in school asintelligence tests suggest they should.People with a learning